• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.602-615
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• 2021

Red jabon wood is a potential fast-growing species for veneer, furniture, and many other wood products, but its durability is very low. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of castor bean oil and heating on boron leaching, dimensional stability, and resistance to decay fungi in treated jabon wood. Red jabon wood was preserved with boron solutions containing 5% boron (boric acid, borax, or borax-boric acid). Following that, castor bean oil impregnation and heating were used as posttreatments. Furthermore, all the wood samples were tested in terms of leaching, dimensional stability, and resistance against Schizophyllum commune and Fomitopsis palustris fungi. This study discovered that boron compounds, castor bean oil, and heating treatments influenced the leaching, dimensional stability, and resistance of red jabon wood to decay fungi. The double impregnation of boric acid or borax and castor bean oil, followed by heating at 160℃, significantly reduced water absorption and leaching while increasing the dimensional stability and resistance of red jabon wood against the two tested decay fungi.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) tree offers a wood of low quality and durability owing to its low density and thin cell walls. This study aimed to improve the properties of sengon wood by making the wood magnetic, producing new functions, and characterizing magnetic sengon wood. Each wood sample was treated using one of the following impregnation solutions: Untreated, 7.5% nano magnetite-furfuryl alcohol (Fe₃O₄-FA), 10% nano Fe₃O₄-FA, and 12.5% nano Fe₃O₄-FA. The impregnation process began with vacuum treatment at 0.5 bar for 2 h, followed by applying a pressure of 1 bar for 2 h. The samples were then tested for dimensional stability and density and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analysis. The results showed that the Fe₃O₄-FA impregnation treatment considerable affected the dimensional stability, measured in terms of weight percent gain, anti-swelling efficiency, water uptake, and bulking effect, as well as the density of sengon wood. Changes in wood morphology were detected by the presence of Fe deposits in the cell walls and cell cavities of the wood using SEM-EDX analysis. XRD and FTIR analyses showed the appearance of magnetite peaks in the diffractogram and Fe-O functional groups. Based on the VSM analysis, treated sengon wood is classified as a superparamagnetic material with soft magnetic properties. Overall, 10% Fe₃O₄-FA treatment led to the highest increase in dimensional stability and density of sengon wood.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2011

본 연구는 고내구성을 가진 고분자 전해질막을 제조하는 것으로 연료전지에 적용하기 위하여 poly(vinyl alcohol)을 주사슬부로 하여 poly(styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (PSSA-MA)를 다공성 polyethylene(PE) 막에 함침시켜 막을 제조하였다. 제조된 막을 함수율, 접촉각, FTIR, 이온교환용량, 이온전도도 메탄올 투과도 열 중량분석, 탄성계수 등의 측정을 통해 친수성 고분자가 함침된 막의 특성평가를 실시하였다. 접촉각 측정과 FTIR 분석을 통해 PE 막에 함침된 막에서의 친수성기의 존재를 확인하였다. PSSA-MA의 함량이 10 wt% 함침된 막의 경우, 이온교환 용량은 Nafion 115의 0.91보다 향상된 1.2 meq./g dry membrane을 얻었다. 또한 탄성계수의 경우 PE 막에 비하여 3~3.6 배 높은 강도를 나타내었으며, 함수율과 메탄올 투과 실험을 통해 PSSA-MA의 함량이 늘어남에 따라 높은 치수안정성과 낮은 메탄올 투과결과를 확인하였다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2017

지금까지 저점도 메이크업 유중수형 에멀전을 함침재에 침적시켜 휴대 간편성과 사용 편리성을 높인 화장품이 개발되어 왔다. 종래에는 주로 경도가 높고 다공의 망상구조를 갖는 폴리우레탄 스펀지가 함침재로서 사용되어 왔으며, 이러한 스펀지는 구조적인 특성상 화장료 함침이 잘 되기 때문에 제조가 용이하다는 장점을 가지고 있지만, 초기 토출량이 높고, 사용 횟수에 따라 토출량의 감소가 큰 특징을 가지고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 새로운 발포형태의 스펀지를 개발하고 이를 활용한 다양한 특징을 갖는 메이크업 유중수형 에멀전에 관하여 연구하고자 한다. 우선 상기 목적에 맞는 다양한 소재를 조사하고, 이를 토대로 natural rubber (NR)와 styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)의 조합을 통해 성형성이 우수하며 화장료 조성물의 적절한 흡수 및 배출 능력을 가지는 새로운 물질을 개발하였다. 이러한 함침재는 고무와 같은 탄성성질의 부드러움과 높은 신율 및 균일한 토출력을 가지는 특징을 확인할 수 있었다. 화장료 조성물로 사용되는 여러 종류의 오일의 극성도(polarity)에 따른 신규 스펀지의 특성을 이해하고, 메이크업 유중수형 에멀전의 점성을 조절하여 메이크업 제품 개발이 가능함을 확인하였으며, 향후 새로운 특성을 갖는 화장료 함침재로써의 가치가 매우 높을 것으로 기대된다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권5호
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• pp.179-188
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• 1984

본문은 Conservation of Water logged Wood(1979, Netherlands National Commission for UNESCO)중의 "The Use of Polyethylene glycol for the Treatment of Waterlogged wood-its Past and Future(Dr.C.Pearson)" 및 "The Conservation of ship wrecks by impregnation with Polyethylene glycol (Dr.J.deJong)"을 역편한 것임.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.85.2-85.2
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• 2010

There is widespread effort to develop polymer membranes in place of Nafion for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell(PEMFC). In our study, SiO2 membranes are arranged by electrospinning method. For impregnation solution, the modified sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)(SPEEK) polymer is prepared from sulfonation, sulfochlorination, partial reduction and lithiation reaction. The modified polymer is cross-linked with 1,4-diiodobetane in NMP solvent and then blended with Heteropoly acid(HPA). The characterization of membranes is confimed by FT-IR, Thermogravimetry(TGA), water uptake test and single cell performance test for PEMFC, etc. The composite membrane shows satisfactory thermal and mechanical properties. Beside, The membrane exhibits good ion exchange capacity and high proton conductivity. As a result, The composite membrane is promising as an alternative membrane in high temperature PEMFC.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2003

Wood cell-wall modification with acetic anhydride, lumen filled with styren monomer and methyl methacrylate, and a combination of these two treatments were studied for their effectiveness for dimensional stability. Compared to those of untreated Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc and sole acetylated red pine, The combination of acetylation and impregnation with methy methacrylate greatly reduced water absorption, increased ASE to the best and gave better bending strength and compression strength.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.301-320
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• 2021

During a field survey of indigenous Korean ciliates, we collected 21 unrecorded species from aquatic (freshwater and brackish water [salinity about 1.0‰] samples) and terrestrial(moss and soil samples) habitats. The morphology of these species was studied based on live observation, protargol, silver carbonate and silver nitrate impregnation, and scanning electron microscope. These species belong to seven classes as follows: 1) class Heterotrichea - Blepharisma seculum; 2) class Spirotrichea - Birojimia terricola, Bistichella variabilis, Deviata bacilliformis, Oxytricha paragranulifera, Parabistichella cf. variabilis, Steinia sphagnicola, Stichotricha aculeata, Stylonychia cf. notophora, and Tetmemena bifaria minima; 3) class Armophorea - Metopus es; 4) class Litostomatea - Acropisthium mutabile, Pseudomonilicaryon japonicum, and Rimaleptus alpinus; 5) class Phyllopharyngea - Podophrya bivacuolata; 6) class Nassophorea - Drepanomonas pauciciliata; and 7) class Oligohymenophorea - Dexiostoma campylum, Frontonia atra, Histiobalantium natans viridis, Opisthonecta minima, and Tetrahymena rostrata. Here, we provide a brief diagnosis and remark for each species.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.46-58
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• 2022

Wood from tropical plantation forests has lower physical and mechanical properties than mature wood. Furfuryl alcohol (FA) impregnation into the wood could help to enhance hydrophobic properties, dimensional stability, and structural strength. Furfurylation was applied to specimens of the following four fast-growing tropical wood species: jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), sengon (Falcataria moluccana), mangium (Acacia mangium), and pine (Pinus merkusii). The discoloration and physical and mechanical properties were subsequently measured, and the results showed that furfurylated wood had a darker color and better physical and mechanical properties than untreated wood. Specifically, the furfurylated wood had higher density, modulus of elasticity, and hardness and lower moisture content, water absorption, swelling, and shrinkage. The furfurylation significantly enhanced physical and mechanical properties.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2017년도 제48회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.412-415
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 금속을 담지한 alumina bead 촉매를 이용하여 ammonium dinitramide (ADN)기반 단일액상추진제 분해 성능 분석을 수행하였다. Alumina bead를 $1200^{\circ}C$에서 소성한 후, 회전 증발기를 이용하여 과량 용액 함침법 (Excess water impregnation)으로 alumina bead에 Pt 및 Cu 를 담지하였다. 자체 제작한 batch 반응기에서 ADN기반 단일액상추진제 분해 온도($T_{dec}$)를 측정하였다. Cu/$Al_2O_3$ 촉매가 Pt/$Al_2O_3$ 촉매에 비해 분해 온도가 더 낮게 나타났으며, $T_{dec}$ 는 약 $130^{\circ}C$이었다.