• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.959-976
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• 2023

This study participated in educational programs for young designers and received trainings in sewing technology through government and local government-supported projects led by a from a skilled craftsman. These initiatives aim to revitalize the Dongdaemun fashion cluster, which is currently experiencing stagnation. Our goal is to develop denim brands that reflect the unique regional characteristics stemming from the skilled sewing techniques and denim processes of the Changsin·Sungin regions, the production hubs supporting Dongdaemun, to discover solutions for revitalizing the local industry. For the research method, we collected data by actively participating in support projects related to the Dongdaemun fashion cluster. Additionally, we gathered data by conducting a theoretical review of the sewing industry in the Changsin·Sungin regions and the Dongdaemun fashion cluster. The research results include developing a denim brand collection-eight denim products-based on Changsin-dong's unique denim sewing technology and various denim washing processes acquired through the support project and regional characteristics. Overall, this study is meaningful in presenting a sustainable plan to revitalize the domestic sewing and manufacturing industry, focusing on the Dongdaemun fashion cluster. We achieved this by developing a denim brand that leverages the sewing and washing process technology and the unique regional characteristics of Changsin-dong.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.249-257
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• 2019

Baker's yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was used as a biocatalyst for eco-friendly indigo dyeing and the reducing power of yeast according to the alkaline solution type was compared. NaOH solution, lye, and buffer solution were used as alkaline solutions. The reducing power(K/S value, oxidation/reduction potential(ORP), pH) was monitored according to the elapsed time including the initiation of reduction, peak reduction, and the end of reduction. In all alkaline solutions, it was confirmed that yeast can be used reducing agent in indigo reduction dyeing. The pH stability and reducing power of buffer solution was better than that of NaOH alone. Although, pH and ORP stability of the reduction bath in lye were better than that of buffer solution, K/S value in buffer solution was higher compared to lye. The reducing power was different depending on the starting pH of the dye bath, and it was better when starting at pH 10.70 than at pH 11.30. Fastnesses to washing, rubbing, and light were relatively good with above rating 4. There was no significant difference in colorfastness depending on the type of alkaline solutions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.390-397
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• 1996

The effects of the mixture of surfactants on the removal of triolein applied to cotton and polyester fabrics were studied. The sunactants which were usually formulated to the Iriundry detergents, such as sodium dodecyl sulfonate (LAS), sodium lauryl sulfate (AS), $\alpha$-olefin sulfonate (AOS, C=14), sodium laurethoxy sulfate (AES, EO=3) and lauryl ethoxylate (AE, EO=7) were used. Washing was done at 40'C, 60"C, 80'c and the surfactant concentration was 0.05%. Backscattered electron imaging was made to study the location of triolein in the yarns. Triolein was removed easily from polyester than cotton fabrics.01eic acid added triolein wa9 removed greater than triolein only, except in AE solutions. In AE solutions, the removal of triolein was increased as the tremperature went higher and the increasing rate of the removal of triolein only was greater than that of oleic acid added triolein. In the result, more triolein was removed from triolein only than from oleic acid added triolein at 80t When the other surfactant was added to LAS, AES was the best to cotton fabrics, AOS was to polyester fabrics. Triolein was located in the lumen and grooves of the fibers and the deeper interfiber spaces. Triolein did not make thin film arround the cotton fiber in the surface, but polyester fibers. These are the main reason why the removal of triolein was difficult from cotton fabrics.rics.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2021

The behaviors of various desorption agents were investigated during the desorption of cesium (Cs) from samples of clay minerals and actual soil. Results showed that polymeric cation exchange agents (polyethyleneimine (PEI)) efficiently desorbed Cs from expandable montmorillonite, whereas acidic desorption solutions containing HCl or PEI removed considerable Cs from hydrobiotite. However, most desorption agents could desorb only 54% of Cs from illite because of Cs's specific adsorption to selective adsorption sites. Cs desorption from an actual soil sample containing Cs-selective clay mineral illite (< 200 ㎛) and extracted from near South Korea's Kori Nuclear Power Plant was also investigated. Considerable adsorbed 137Cs was expected to be located at Cs-selective sites when the 137Cs loading was much lower than the sample's cation exchange capacity. At this low 137Cs loading, the total Cs amount desorbed by repeated washing varied by desorption agent in the order HCl > PEI > NH4+, and the highest Cs desorption amount achieved using HCl was 83%. Unlike other desorption agents with only cation exchange capabilities, HCl can attack minerals and induce dissolution of metallic elements. HCl's ability to both alter minerals and induce H+/Cs+ ion exchange is expected to promote Cs desorption from actual soil samples.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.173-182
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• 2001

The physical properties and biodegradability of cellulose fabrics, such as cotton and rayon, are expected to vary with textile care. In this study cotton and rayon fabrics were washed repeatedly with detergents, bleaches, or softeners. The changes of physical properties were investigated by measuring retention of breaking strength, shrinkage, handle, and the fiber surface was observed by SEM. The biodegradability of fabrics was also estimated by soil burial test. The results were as follows. Cotton fabrics laundered repeatedly by detergents and bleaches lost virtually no strength. The breaking strength of the rayon fabrics decreased by about 17%∼25% after repeated launderings. Shrinkage in weft direction was much larger than that in warp direction. Bending rigidities of both fabrics decreased remarkably within 10 wash cycles. Shear rigidity in cotton fabrics increased continuously with repeated washing cycles, however, that in rayon fabrics did not show any change as washing went on. Friction coefficient increased in both fabrics after 10 wash cycles, and this is thought to be attributed to the wrinkle, interlocking of hairs, surface damage resulted from repeated washings. In cotton fabrics made of staple yarns, short hairs on the yarn surface entangled together with repeated launderings. This resulted in the continuous increase in % shrinkage, shear rigidity, friction coefficient. Rayon fabrics made of filament yarns, however, did not show this phenomenon. Softener treated fabrics showed the lowest values in bending rigidity, shear rigidity and friction coefficient because the cationic surfactants adsorbed on the fiber surface behaved like lubricants. The biodegradability of fabrics was noticeably affected by the composition of washing solutions. The fabrics washed with detergents and bleaches were decomposed faster than those washed with the others were and the cotton fabrics washed with detergents and softeners hardly degraded. The fabrics soiled with milk were decomposed almost completely and those soiled with Palmitic acid did not degrade greatly.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.114-117
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• 2005

Although the removal efficiency of residual pesticides using tap water were ranged from -1.25 to $13.27\%$, the removal efficiencies of residual pesticides using both powder CaO and liquid CaO were $5.16\~l7.61,\;8.7\~41.59\%$, respectively. And those results showed much higher residual effect of the CaO washing than tap water washing. Natural CaO made by burning of scallop-shell considered to be a good reducing agent for pesticides. Furthermore, liquid CaO showed much higher removal efficiency than powder CaO. However, powder CaO also can be used as a good natural eliminator of pesticides in Mini-Tomato.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.511-517
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• 1993

Changes of the surface and interface tension with temperature for washing liquids and alkanes were measured by FACE surface tensiometer. Using the extended Fowkes' equation, the dispersion and polar force components of the surface tension were estimated. The results were as follows : 1. The surface tensions of washing liquids and alkanes decreased almost linearly with the increase of temperature. 2. The interface tensions of 0.25% DBS/alkane increased slowly with the increase of temperature. In the case of nonionic surfactant solutions, however, the interface tensions with alkanes varied with the number of hydrophilic ethylene oxide(EO) groups. 3. Of the surface tension of water at $20^{\circ}C$, the dispersion force component was 25.3 dyn/cm and the polar force component was 47.8 dyn/cm. As the temperature increased, both the polar and dispersion force components decreased in a similar fashion. 4. The dispersion force component of surface tension of 0.25% DBS solution was 30.0 dyn/cm, and the polar force component was 2.2 dyn/cm at $20^{\circ}C$. The two components decreased with the increase of temperature. 5. As the temperature increased, the dispersion force component of surface tension decreased and the polar force component increased significantly for 0.25% NPPG-7.5EO solution. In the case of 025% NPPG-10EO, both the dispersion and polar force components decreased slowly, but the polar force component is expected to increase from $60^{\circ}C$. However, the polar force component of surface tension decreased with the increase of temperature for 025% NPPG-15EO solution, and at the temperature higher than $60^{\circ}C$ the surface tension is expected to be composed of only dispersion force component.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.388-393
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• 2005

This study was conducted to experiment the removal efficiency of 6 pesticides in fruits and vegetables using various washing solutions. As results, the average removal efficiencies of pesticides washed with tap-water were 68.3%, whereas those washed by ultrasonic cleaning for 2 and 5 minutes were 73.7% and 82.5%, respectively. Using different washing solutions with various additional materials such as 0.5% detergent, 5% vinegar, 5% salt and flour, the removal rates were 82.9%, 76.9%, 75.8% and 75.7%, respectively. With 0.5% detergent, pesticides were 20% more removed when washed by ultrasonic cleaning than tap-water washing; moreover, Chlorthalonil in cherry tomato showed the highest removal efficiency while EPN in grape washed with tap-water showed the lowest. The order of removal efficiencies of pesticides were Chlorthalonil (90.0%)>Procymidone (81.3%)>Chlorpyrifos (76.6 %)>Endosulfan (75.7%)>Fenitrothion (75.5%)>EPN (73.8%).

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2006

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread soil contaminants and major environmental concerns. PAHs have extremely low water solubility and are strongly sorbed to soil. A potential technology for remediation of PAHcontaminated soils is a soil washing with surfactant solutions. While the use of surfactants significantly enhances the performance of soil remediation, operation costs are increased. Selective adsorption of PAHs by activated carbons is proposed to reuse the surfactants in the soil-washing process. The adsorption isotherms of pure chemicals (Triton X-100 and phenanthrene) onto three granular activated carbons were obtained. The selective adsorption of phenanthrene in mixed solution was examined at various concentrations of phenanthrene and Triton X-100. The selectivity results were discussed with pore size distribution of activated carbons and molecular sizes of phenanthrene and the Triton X-100 monomer. The selectivity for phenanthrene was much larger than 1 regardless of the particle size of activated carbons. The selective adsorption using activated carbons with proper pore size distribution would greatly reduce the material cost for the soil washing process by the reuse of the surfactants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1743-1749
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• 2011

The microbial reduction and quality characteristics of salted Chinese cabbage using electrolyzed water were investigated. The electrolyzed water was used to control the microbes in the processes of primary washing, salting, and secondary washing. The total bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, coliform, pH, salinity, vitamin C, and total sugar were analyzed. After primary washing by electrolyzed water, the total bacteria populations were reduced to 2.78 log cfu/g, and the coliform populations were similarly reduced. After secondary washing by electrolyzed water, the total bacteria population of Chinese cabbage was reduced to a maximum of 1.5 log cfu/g. The salinity of Chinese cabbage and salting solutions increased rapidly over three hours, and then increased slowly. The sterilization effect of electrolyzed salting water could not last beyond 3 hours, because the OHCl concentration of electrolyzed water was reduced by over 90% at the third hours of the salting process. Vitamin C was reduced and total sugar did not change regardless of treatments during the salting process. Consequently, electrolyzed water was effective to remove microbes from salted Chinese cabbages.