• 제목/요약/키워드: wall-following

검색결과 678건 처리시간 0.023초

외국의 컴퓨터 단층촬영 장치의 방어시설 문헌 조사 (Reviews of Radiation Protection and Shielding for Computed Tomography in Foreign Countries)

  • 장건호;양달모;성동욱;이광용;김혁주
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.276-284
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    • 2008
  • 전 세계적으로 컴퓨터 단층 촬영 장치(Computed Tomography, CT)의 임상 적용이 환자의 질병의 조기 진단에 매우 중요하게 사용되고 있으며 사용 빈도 또한 매년 급증하고 있다. 새로운 종류의 CT 장치들이 병변을 조기 진단하기 위하여 개발되고 있다. 이 방사선 발생 장치에 의한 환자나 작업 종사자들의 방사선 피폭이 불가피 할 수도 있다. 국내에서는 CT 장치에 대한 구체적인 방사선 방어나 방사선 시설에 대한 구체적인 규정이 확립되어 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 국내에서의 CT 사용시설에 대한 방사선 방어 시설과 사용 기준에 대한 규정 마련에 토대를 이루기 위하여 외국에서의 CT 장비에 대한 방사선 방어 및 방사선 차폐에 대한 규정을 조사하였다. 조사방법으로는 구글 검색을 이용한 특정 키워드 검색과 방사선 관련 업무를 수행하는 특정 웹사이트를 직접 검색하는 방법을 사용하였다. 검색결과 캐나다, 미국, 영국 등의 국가에서 국가의 실정에 맞는 가이드라인을 사용하고 있었으나, 아직 이중 에너지 CT에 대한 가이드라인은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 한국에서도 국내 실정에 적합한 CT 장비에서의 방사선 방어, 차폐, 환자나 작업종사자 및 일반인에 대한 방사선 피폭에 대한 가이드라인의 설정이 필요하다고 생각된다.

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생물개스 발생시스템을 위한 지하매설콘크리트 다이제스터의 열전달에 관한 연구 (Study on the Heat Transfer Phenomenon around Underground Concrete Digesters for Bigas Production Systems)

  • 김윤기;고재균
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.53-66
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    • 1980
  • The research work is concerned with the analytical and experimental studies on the heat transfer phenomenon around the underground concrete digester used for biogas production Systems. A mathematical and computational method was developed to estimate heat losses from underground cylindrical concrete digester used for biogas production systems. To test its feasibility and to evaluate thermal parameters of materials related, the method was applied to six physical model digesters. The cylindrical concrete digester was taken as a physical model, to which the model,atical model of heat balance can be applied. The mathematical model was transformed by means of finite element method and used to analyze temperature distribution with respect to several boundary conditions and design parameters. The design parameters of experimental digesters were selected as; three different sizes 40cm by 80cm, 80cm by 160cm and l00cm by 200cm in diameter and height; two different levels of insulation materials-plain concrete and vermiculite mixing in concrete; and two different types of installation-underground and half-exposed. In order to carry out a particular aim of this study, the liquid within the digester was substituted by water, and its temperature was controlled in five levels-35。 C, 30。 C, 25。 C, 20。C and 15。C; and the ambient air temperature and ground temperature were checked out of the system under natural winter climate conditions. The following results were drawn from the study. 1.The analytical method, by which the estimated values of temperature distribution around a cylindrical digester were obtained, was able to be generally accepted from the comparison of the estimated values with the measured. However, the difference between the estimated and measured temperature had a trend to be considerably increased when the ambient temperature was relatively low. This was mainly related variations of input parameters including the thermal conductivity of soil, applied to the numerical analysis. Consequently, the improvement of these input data for the simulated operation of the numerical analysis is expected as an approach to obtain better refined estimation. 2.The difference between estimated and measured heat losses was shown to have the similar trend to that of temperature distribution discussed above. 3.It was found that a map of isothermal lines drawn from the estimated temperature distribution was very useful for a general observation of the direction and rate of heat transfer within the boundary. From this analysis, it was interpreted that most of heat losses is passed through the triangular section bounded within 45 degrees toward the wall at the bottom edge of the digesten Therefore, any effective insulation should be considered within this region. 4.It was verified by experiment that heat loss per unit volume of liquid was reduced as the size of the digester became larger For instance, at the liquid temperature of 35˚ C, the heat loss per unit volume from the 0. 1m$^3$ digester was 1, 050 Kcal/hr m$^3$, while at for 1. 57m$^3$ digester was 150 Kcal/hr m$^3$. 5.In the light of insulation, the vermiculite concrete was consistently shown to be superior to the plain concrete. At the liquid temperature ranging from 15。 C to 350 C, the reduction of heat loss was ranged from 5% to 25% for the half-exposed digester, while from 10% to 28% for the fully underground digester. 6.In the comparison of heat loss between the half-exposed and underground digesters, the heat loss from the former was fr6m 1,6 to 2, 6 times as much as that from the latter. This leads to the evidence that the underground digester takes advantage of heat conservation during winter.

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통시적 원형경관 해석을 통해 본 강진 백운동 원림의 복원 방향 (A Study on the Direction of Restoration for Baegun-dong Garden in Gangjin through a Diachronic Interpretation of the Prototype Scenery)

  • 하혜경;소현수
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.116-128
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 백운동 원림의 승경을 읊은 연작시(連作詩)로서 이담로(李聃老, 1627~1701)의 "백운동 8영", 송익휘(宋翼輝, 1701~?)의 "백운동 10수", 정약용(丁若鏞, 1762~1836)의 "백운동 12경"과 이시헌(李時憲, 1803~1860)의 "백운동 14경"에서 시원적 원형경관과 시대적 원형경관의 구성요소들을 추출, 통합하여 백운동 원림의 통시적 원형경관을 해석하였다. 이를 복원된 현장과 비교 분석한 후 향후 복원의 방향을 제안하였으며, 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 백운동 원림의 통시적 원형경관은 옥판봉 아래 계곡에 별서를 만들고, 동백나무 숲길, 이담로의 '백운동' 바위글씨, 정약용이 붉은 글씨를 썼던 '창하벽', 폭포와 단풍나무숲, 오동나무가 어우러진 모습이었다. 별서 담장 밖에 홍매화숲, 소나무숲, 왕대나무숲이 있고, 옥판봉이 조망되는 정선대가 있었다. 별서 마당에는 취미선방, 죽각, 평상을 놓고, 연꽃이 심겨진 방지와 곡수거를 조성하였으며, 화계에 모란, 영산홍, 국화, 난초류, 수선화를 심고, 학을 키웠다. 둘째, 백운동 원림의 통시적 원형경관과 복원 현장을 비교한 결과, 백운동 계곡의 수원 확보, 죽각 복원과 '창하벽' 바위글씨의 각인 및 정선대에서 옥판봉을 조망할 수 있도록 수목 관리가 필요하다는 사실을 파악하였다. 더불어 홍매화, 소나무, 오동나무, 영산홍, 국화, 난초류, 수선화, 연꽃 등의 식재를 보강하여 다채로운 계절 경관을 제공하고, 효율적인 정보 전달을 위한 통합 안내시스템의 도입이 필요하다는 점을 제안하였다.

18~19世紀 茁浦灣의 煮鹽 - 鹽場의 分布와 煮鹽法을 중심으로 - (A study on the traditional salt-making of the Joolpo inlet area during the 18th and 19th century)

  • 홍금수
    • 대한지리학회지
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.46-64
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    • 1994
  • 본 논문은 18세기에서 19세기에 이르는 전환기적 시기에 줄포만에서 행해진 자염을 소재로하여 당 지역의 역사지리적 경관복원을 시도해 본 것이다. 먼저 자염업의 성립배경과 관련해서 줄포만은 넓은 간석지를 근간으로 한 지형적 측면을 포함해 조석, 기후, 식생, 토 양 등 자연지리적 제 조건의 혜택하에 염업이 활성화 될 수 있었다. 사회경제적으로는 인구 증가, 농민층의 분해, 교환경제및 어업의 발달 등이 자염발달의 촉발요인이 되었다. 당시의 염장은 고부, 부안, 홍덕, 무장 등 4개 군현에 걸쳐 분포하였으며, 이 가운데 고부의 것은 월 경지인 부안면에 소재한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그리고 본지역 자염의 기원지는 무장의 검당으로 비정하였다. 주요 제염설비에는 염막, 염전, 섯등, 염정, 염조, 염부 등이 있었고 실 작업에는 제염도구로 재래농기구가 동원되었다. 제염은 물때에 맞추어 행해지며 섯등굴착. 염토살포, 염밭갈이, 섯등구축, 염수회득, 자염의 과정을 거쳐 화염을 얻어내는 형태를 취하였다.

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배양골세포 이식이 치조골재생에 미치는 영향 (Effects Of Cultured Bone Cell On The Regeneration Of Alveolar Bone)

  • 정순준;허익;박준봉;이만섭;권영혁
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.1-26
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    • 1996
  • This study was performed to estimate the effects of cultured bone cell inoculated on porous type hydroxyaptite for the regeneration of the artificial alveolar bone defect. In this experiment 3 beagle dogs were used, and each of them were divided into right and left mandible. Every surgical intervention were performed under the general anesthesia by using with intravenous injection of Pentobarbital sodium(30mg/Kg). To reduce the gingival bleeding during surgery, operative site was injected with Lidocaine hydrochloride(l:80,000 Epinephrine) as local anesthesia. After surgery experimental animal were feeded with soft dietl Mighty dog, Frisies Co., U.S.A.) for 1 weeks to avoid irritaion to soft tissue by food. 2 months before surgery both side of mandibular 1st premolar were extracted and bone chips from mandibular body were obtained from all animals. Bone cells were cultured from bone chips obtained from mandible with Dulbecco's Modified Essential Medium contained with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum under the conventional conditions. Porous type hydroxyapatite were immerse into the high concentrated cell suspension solution, and put 4 hours for attachin the cells on the surface of hydroxyapatite. Graft material were inserted on the artificial bone defect after 3 days of culture. Before insertion of cellinoculated graft material, scanning electronic microscopic observation were performed to confirm the attachment and spreading of cell on the hydroxyapatite surface. 3 artificial bone defects were made with bone trephine drill on the both side of mandible of the experimental animal. First defect was designed without insertion of graft material as negative control, second was filled with porous replamineform hydroxyapatite inoculated with cultured bone marrow cells as expermiental site, and third was filled with graft materials only as positive control. The size of every artificial bone defect was 3mm in diameter and 3mm in depth. After the every surgical intervention of animals, oral hygiene program were performed with 1.0% chlorhexidine digluconate. All of the animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 weeks after surgery. For obtaining histological section, tissus were fixed in 10% Buffered formalin and decalcified with Planko - Rycho Solution for 72hr. Tissue embeding was performed in paraffin and cut parallel to the surface of mandibular body. Section in 8um thickness of tissue was done and stained with Hematoxylin - Eosin. All the specimens were observed under the light microscopy. The following results were obtained : 1. In the case of control site which has no graft material, less inflammatory cell infiltration and rapid new bone forming tendency were revealed compared with experimental groups. But bone surface were observed depression pattern on defect area because of soft tissue invasion into the artificial bone defect during the experimental period. 2. In the porous hydroxyapatite only group, inflammatory cell infiltration was prominet and dense connective tissue were encapsulated around grafted materials. osteoblastic activity in the early stage after surgery was low to compared with grafted with bone cells. 3. In the case of porous hydroxyapatite inoculated with bone cell, less inflammatory cell infiltration and rapid new bone formation activity was revealed than hydroxyapatite only group. Active new bone formation were observed in the early stage of control group. 4. The origin of new bone forming was revealed not from the center of defected area but from the surface of preexisting bony wall on every specimen. 5. In this experiment, osteoclastic cell was not found around grafted materials, and fibrovascular invasion into regions with no noticeable foreign body reaction. Conclusively, the cultured bone cell inoculated onto the porous hydroxyapatite may have an important role of regeneration of artificial bone defects of alveolar bone.

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MIS 논문의 '게재 불가' 및 '수정 후 재심사' 사유: Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems 심사소견서 분석 (Why Your Manuscripts Were Rejected or Required a Major Revision: An Analysis of Asia Pacific Journal if Information Systems)

  • 이중정;윤혜정;황성훈
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.179-193
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    • 2009
  • As the common saying attests, a publish-or-perish world, publishing is absolutely critical for academic researchers' successful careers. It is the most objectively-accepted academic performance criteria and the most viable way to attain public and academic recognition. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems(APJIS) has been recognized as the most influential domestic journal in Korean MIS field since July, 1991. Therefore, publishing in APJIS means your research is original, valid, and contributive. While most researchers learn how to publish an article in APJIS through a repetitive review process, thereby improving their chance of the' accepted' through their personal trial and error experiences, such valuable lessons and know-how tend to be kept personally and rarely shared. However, useful insights into research and publication skills could be also gained from sharing others' errors, neglect, and misjudgments which are equally critical in improving researchers' knowledge in the field (Murthy and Wiggins, 2002). For this reason, other academic disciplines make systematic efforts to examine the paper review process of major journals and share the findings from these studies with the rest of the research community members (Beyer et al., 1995; Cummings et al, 1985; Daft, 1995; Jauch and Wall, 1989; Murthy and Wiggins, 2002). Recognizing the urgent need to provide such type of information to MIS research community in Korea, we have chosen the most influential academic journal, APJIS with an intention to share the answer to the following research question: "What are the common problems found in the manuscripts either 'rejected' or 'required a major revision' by APJIS reviewers?" This study analyzes the review results of manuscripts submitted to APJIS (from January, 2006 to October, 2008), particularly those that were 'rejected' or required a 'major revision' at the first round. Based on Daft's(1995) study, twelve most-likelihood problems were defined and used to analyze the reviews. The twelve criteria for classification, or "twelve problems", are as follows: No theory, Concepts and operationalization not in alignment, Insufficient definition--theory, Insufficient rationale--design, Macrostructure--organization and flow, Amateur style and tone, Inadequate research design, Not relevant to the field, Overengineering, Conclusions not in alignment, Cutting up the data, and Poor editorial practice. Upon the approval of the editorial board of APJIS, the total 252 reviews, including 11 cases of 2005 and 241 cases from July, 2006 to October, 2008, were received without any information about manuscripts, authors, or reviewers. Eleven cases of 2005 were used in the pilot test because the data of 2005 were not in complete enumeration, and the 241 reviews (113 cases of 'rejection' and 128 ones of 'major revision') of 2006, 2007, and 2008 were examined in this study. Our findings show that insufficient rationale-design(20.25%), no theory(18.45%), and insufficient definition--theory(15.69%) were the three leading reasons of 'rejection' and 'major revision.' Between these two results, the former followed the same order of three major reasons as an overall analysis (insufficient rationale-design, no theory, and insufficient definition-theory), but the latter followed the order of insufficient rationale--design, insufficient definition--theory, and no theory. Using Daft's three major skills-- 'theory skills', 'design skills', and 'communication skills'-- twelve criteria were reclassified into 'theory problems', 'design problems', and 'communication problems' to derive more practical implications of our findings. Our findings show that 'theory problems' occupied 43.48%, 'design problems' were 30.86%, and 'communication problems' were 25.86%. In general, the APJIS reviewers weigh each of these three problem areas almost equally. Comparing to other disciplines like management field shown in Daft's study, the portion of 'design problems' and 'communication problems' are much higher in manuscripts submitted to the APJIS than in those of Administrative Science Quarterly and Academy of Management Journal even though 'theory problems' are the most predominant in both disciplines.

암벽면녹화공법개발(岩壁面綠化工法開發)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)(I) - 담쟁이덩굴류(類)의 이용성개발(利用性開發) - (Studies on the Bare Rock-slope Conservation Measures (I) -Conservation and Revegetation by Parthenocissus spp.-)

  • 우보명
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 1978
  • 우리나라에서는 최근(最近)에 경부고속도로(京釜高速道路)를 비롯한 경인(京仁), 호남(湖南), 남해(南海), 영동(嶺東), 구마고속도로(邱馬高速道路)의 건설(建設)을 위해서 자연산지(自然山地) 사면(斜面) 절취(切取)하여 대규모(大規模)의 인공(人工) 암벽사면(岩壁斜面) 발생(發生) 노출(露出)되어 국토보전(國土保全)과 환경녹화면(環境綠化面)에서 국가적(國家的) 과제(課題)로 다루어지고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 관안산(冠岳山)과 백운산(白雲山)과 같은 기존 암석산지(岩石山地)의 녹화기술(綠化技術) 개발문제(開發問題)도 큰 과제중(課題中)의 하나로 중요시(重要視)되고 있으므로 이러한 문제(問題)에 대한 해결방법(解決方法)의 일환(一環)으로 만경식물(蔓莖植物)의 이용법(利用法)에 관(關)해서, 특(特)히 담쟁이덩굴류(類)의 이용성(利用性) 개발(開發)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)를 수행(遂行)하였다. 담쟁이덩굴류(類)의 환경녹화면(環境綠化面)에서의 이용개발(利用開發) 가능성(可能性)과 그 효용(効用)을 검토(檢討)하기 위하여 담쟁이덩굴류(類)의 분류학상(分類學上)의 특징(特徵) 및 종류(種類), 생태적(生態的)인 특징(特徵) 및 번식기술(繁殖技術), 그리고 이용성(利用性) 개발(開發) 및 녹화상(綠化上)의 특징(特徵)에 대(對)한 조사(調査) 시험(試驗) 수행(遂行)하였다. 이 연구(硏究)에서 조사(調査)된 담쟁이덩굴류(類)에는 우리나라 담쟁이덩굴, 미국담쟁이, 중국담쟁이, 톰손담쟁이, 칠엽(七葉)담쟁이, 숲담쟁이, 덴마크담쟁이, 히마라야당쟁이와 같은 8종(種)이 있으며, 또 담쟁이덩굴의 3 변종(變種)과 미국담쟁이의 3 변종(變種)에 대(對)해서도 조사(調査)되었다. 담쟁이덩굴속(屬)은 포도과(科)에 속하는 다년생목본(多年生木本) 덩굴식물(植物)로서 일반적(一般的) 줄기에 덩굴손(부착근(付着根))과 겁반(昅瀊)을 가지고, 벽면(壁面)이나 바위 또는 나무줄기위를 기어 올라가서 환경(環境) 녹화(綠化)하며, 가을에는 아름다운 홍엽(紅葉)이 되고 겨울에는 다량(多量)의 장과(奬果)를 나무에 부착하고 있으므로 야생동물(野生動物)의 먹이로 이용(利用) 될 수 있다. 우리나라의 국토녹화(國土綠化) 및 환경보전면(環境保全面)에서 가장 유용(有用)한 담쟁이종(種)은 우리나라 자생종(自生種)이며, 이것은 암벽면녹화공법개발(岩壁面綠化工法開發)에 이용(利用)할 수 있는 대단히 효과적(効果的)인 식물(植物)임이 밝혀 졌다.

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근칙적 절제술과 술후 방사선치료를 시행한 자궁경부암 환자의 치료성적, 예루인자와 실패양상 (Adjuvant Radiotherapy Following Radical Hysterectomy and Bilateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for the Uterine Cervical Cancer : Prognostic Factors and Failure Patterns)

  • 최두호
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.357-367
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    • 1997
  • 목적 : 근치적 절제술과 골반림프절 절제술을 시행한 자궁경부암 환자 중에서 치료실패의 위험인자가 있어서 술후 방사선치료를 시행한 환자를 대상으로 치료성적, 예후인자, 실패양상을 알아보기 위하여 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : FIGO 병기 IB, IIA와 IIB 환자 중에서 근치적 수술과 방사선치료를 시행하고 추적조사가 가능하였던 124명을 대상으로 하였다. 환자들은 1985년 3월부터 1994년 3원까지 수술후 방사선치료를 시행하였으며 최소 추적기간은 24개월이었다. 모든 환자는 4-MV 선형가속기를 이용한 외부방사선치료를 전골반에 50-6OGy를 조사하였고 일부 환자는 코발트를 이용한 고선량율 강내치료를 추가하였다. 결과 : 전체 환자의 5년 생존율과 5년 무병 생존율은 각각 $75.4\%,\;73.5\%$였고, 단변수 분석상 5년 무병 생존율에 영향을 미치는 인자는 림프절 전이 유무, 개수와 위치, 종양의 크기, 자궁체부 침운, 자궁주위조직 침윤, 병기, 자궁경부벽 침윤정도, 질 절제면 양성, 그리고 치료 관계 인자로 방사선량, 강내치료, 항암제 등이 통계상 유의하였으며, 다변량 분석상 림프절 전이와 종양의 크기, 질 절제면 양성이 유의하였다. 치료 실패는 33명이었고 2명은 다른 원인으로 사망하였고 부위별로는 국소재발이 13명, 원격전이 13명 국소-원격 동시 실패가 7명이었고 추적 종료시점까지 5명이 생존하였다. 국소재발은 병기 IB, 림프절 전이 양성 또는 질 절제면 양성 환자에서 많이 발생하였으며 림프절 전이 음성환자에서는 빈도는 낮았으나 원격전이가 상대적으로 더 많았다. 그리고 병기 lIB에서 5년 생존율 은 $56\%$ 였고 22명 중에서 9명이 재발하였다. 결론 : 수술후 방사선치료는 비교적 효과적인 방법이지만 다수의 재발 위험인자들을 가진 환자에게 술후 방사선치료만으로는 재발을 막기가 충분하지 않으므로 방사선감작제의 추가나 동시방사선-항암치료 등의 보다 효과적인 방법이 필요할 것으로 성각되며, 술혹 방사선치료의 효율을 정하기 위하여 무작위 표본 추출에 의한 전향적 연구가 필오하다. 그리고 병기 IIB는 항암치료와 수술후 방사선치료를 시행해도 치료 성적이 나쁘므로 일차적으로 근치적 방사선치료를 시행해야한다.

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심외도관 협착 환자에서 자가조직을 이용한 재수술(Peel 수술); 조기 및 중기성적 (Replacement of Obstructed Extracardiac Conduits with Autologous Tissue Reconstructions (Peel operation); Early and Midterm Results)

  • 성시찬;장윤희;이충원;박진수;이형두;반지은;추기석
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제40권3호
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    • pp.193-199
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    • 2007
  • 배경: 저자들은 라스텔리 수술(Rastelli operation) 후 도관협착을 해결하기 위해 협착된 도관을 제거한 후 그 후벽을 자가조직으로 이용하고 판막을 삽입한 후 전벽을 인공 첩포로 덮는 peel 수술을 시행하여 왔다. 이 수술의 결과를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 5월부터 2006년 7월까지 모두 9명의 심외도관 협착 환자에서 peel 수술을 시행하였다. 라스텔리 수술 후 평균 $5.1{\pm}1.7$년 후 재수술을 하게 되었으며 peel 수술 시 환아의 평균 나이는 $7.5{\pm}2.4$년(범위: $2.9{\sim}10.1$년)이었다. 진단명은 심실중격결손을 동반한 폐동맥 폐쇄증이 6예, 총동맥간이 2예, 완전 대혈관 전위가 1예였다. 술 전 평균 우심실유출로 압력차는 $88.3{\pm}22.2mmHg\;(58{\sim}125mmHg$)였다. 1예에서는 단엽 우심실유출로 첩포(monocusp ventricular outflow patch, MVOP)를 이용하였고 나머지 8예에서는 조직판막(bioprosthetic valve)을 삽입하였다. 모든 예에서 대동맥차단은 하지 않았으며 평균 체외순환시간은 154 ($133{\sim}181$분)이었다. 수술 후 평균 추적기간은 20개월($1{\sim}51$개월)이었으며 3-D CT로 우심실유출로의 상태를 관찰하였다. 결과: 수술사망과 만기사망은 없었다. 술 후 퇴원 시 우심실유출로 평균 압력차이는 $20.4mmHg\;(0{\sim}29.6mmHg$)였다. peel 수술 후 재수술은 없었으며 최근 초음파 검사에서 우심실 압력차이 (n=7, 최소 1년 이상 추적)는 26 mmHg ($13{\sim}36mmHg$)으로 약간의 상승은 있었으나 MVOP를 사용한 1예를 제외한 전 예에서 폐동맥판 폐쇄부전은 없었다. 3-D CT검사상 우심실유출로의 수축, 혈전형성, 가성동맥류의 증거는 발견하지 못하였고 우심실유출로의 통로가 잘 유지되고 있었다. 결론: peel 수술은 라스텔리 수술 후 도관협착을 해결할 수 있는 안전하고 효과적인 수술법으로 생각한다.

PMSG 반복투여가 Rat의 과배란에 미치는 영향에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구 1. 투여회수에 따른 난포수의 차이 (Immunohistochemical Study on the Superovulation Effected by Repeat of PMSG Administration in Rats 1. The Frequency of PMSG Administrations and Number of Follicles)

  • 곽수동
    • 한국가축번식학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.255-264
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was attempted to investigate the number changes of the growing and mature follicles in ovary following repeats of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin(PMSG) treatments for superovulation in nulliparous rats. Thirty two rats(Sprague-Dawely, about 200~250 gm) were randomized into 4 groups. Control group rats were sacrified at estrus phase confirmed by vaginal smear. PMSG-treated group 1 rats, PMSG-treated group 2 rats and PMSG-treated group 3 rats were sacrified at 48 hrs after injection once with PMSG 25 IU, after 2 repeated injection by a week interval, and 3 repeated injection, respectively. The uteri and ovaries of rats were removed and weighed and then were observed grossly and serial sections of all ovaries and some sections of uteri by paraffin embedding were stained with H-E. Number of ovarian follicles about 3 grades of small, middle and large follicles from seondary and follicles were investigated by LM photographies of ovary preparations. The criteria of the small, middle, and large follicles were based as small follicle with preantral follicles with 2~4 layers of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte, as secondary follicles with more than 5 layers of granulosa cells and early signs of antral cavity or with small clefts on either side of the oocytes, and as tirtiary follicles with a single medium sized antral cavity or large well-formed antral cavity, respectively. In gross findings, the wall of the uteri in control group were thin, and those in 3 PMS-treated group were markedly thickened and some uterine lumen of those filled with fluid. In histological findings, the walls of the uteri from 3 PMSG-treated groups were hypertrophied and their blood and lymph vessels were dilated than those of control group. The ovaries fo 3 PMSG-treated groups were more increased in size and the cortexes were more developed and increased in width but there are no difference of development and changes in 3 PMSG-treated groups. The weight of the uteri and ovaries per rat in PMSG -treated group 1, 2 and 3 were a, pp.ared to be significantly increased 171.4$\pm$47.6%, 162.3$\pm$43.9%, 206.9$\pm$30.4%, respectively than those of control groups. The mean number of follicle per ovary in control group were a, pp.ared to be 17.1$\pm$3.5, 46.2$\pm$14.5, and 74.3$\pm$22.7 at large, middle and small follicles, respectively and total number of these 3 grade follicles per ovary were a, pp.ared to be 137.7$\pm$31.7. The mean number of follicle per ovary in PMSG-treated group 1 were a, pp.ared to be 25.6$\pm$7.3, 78.1$\pm$29.9, and 83.2$\pm$34.0, at large, middle and small follicles, respectively and total number of these 3 grade follicles were a, pp.ared to be 187.5$\pm$58.8. The mean number of follicle per ovary in PMS-treated group 2 were a, pp.ared to be 21.9$\pm$5.2, 67.8$\pm$16.8, and 68.0$\pm$14.9 at large, middle and small follicles, respectively and total number of these 3 grade follicles were a, pp.ared to be 157.7$\pm$26.2. The mean number of follicle per ovary in PMS-treated group 3 were a, pp.ared to be 21.7$\pm$4.8, 61.5$\pm$17.0, and 59.7$\pm$16.2 at large, middle and small follicles, respectively and total number of these 3 grade follicles were a, pp.ared to be 143.5$\pm$29.6. The number of follicles in PMSG-treated group 1 a, pp.ared to be more number than other 2 PMSG-treated gruops and tended to be decreased by frequency of PMSG-treatment.

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