• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.187-196
• /
• 2003

The aim of this thesis is to examine the effect of the diuretics in the Sasang constitutional medicine those are not categorized to the diuretic in the established herbal medicine by the way of measuring the change of body edema and the quantity of body moisture through the inbody test, along with the urine volume taken for 24 hours 1. We medicated the diuretic suggested by the DongyiSuseBowon東醫壽世保元 into the tested group and measured the change of the urine volume, the quantity of body moisture and the degree of body edema. The results are the followings below. 1) Soeumin The change in the urine volume and body moisture showed no responsibility, but the degree of body edema decreased with the responsibility. 2) Soyangin All of the degree of body edema and the urine volume, and body moisture showed decrease. 3) Taeumin The urine volume and body moisture increased but showed no responsibility. Also the degree of body edema decreased within the normal limit which can not be accepted. 4) The medicine of the Sasang Constitutional Medicine can not be simply thought to be the diuretic, but it has the function that excretes the moisture which functions negatively in the body and causes edema, as well as the function of the adjustment of metabolism that preserves the normal amount of moisture. This is the good example which is the concept of the adjustment therapy suggested by The Sasang Constitutional Medicine 2. Through the results above, we can find that the diuretic suggested by The Sasang Constitutional Medicine functions in the way that is differently explained by the herbal medicine.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제54권4호
• /
• pp.296-301
• /
• 2013

Objective : We conducted a retrospective study examining the outcomes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to identify parameters associated with prognosis. Methods : From January 2001 to June 2008, we treated 32 ICH patients (21 men, 11 women; mean age, 62 years) with CKD. We surveyed patients age, sex, underlying disease, neurological status using Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), ICH volume, hematoma location, accompanying intraventricular hemorrhage, anti-platelet agents, initial and 3rd day systolic blood pressure (SBP), clinical outcome using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and complications. The severity of renal functions was categorized using a modified glomerular filtration rate (mGFR). Multifactorial effects were identified by regression analysis. Results : The mean GCS score on admission was $9.4{\pm}4.4$ and the mean mRS was $4.3{\pm}1.8$. The overall clinical outcomes showed a significant relationship on initial neurological status, hematoma volume, and mGFR. Also, the outcomes of patients with a severe renal dysfunction were significantly different from those with mild/moderate renal dysfunction (p<0.05). Particularly, initial hematoma volume and sBP on the 3rd day after ICH onset were related with mortality (p<0.05). However, the other factors showed no correlation with clinical outcome. Conclusion : Neurological outcome was based on initial neurological status, renal function and the volume of the hematoma. In addition, hematoma volume and uncontrolled blood pressure were significantly related to mortality. Hence, the severity of renal function, initial neurological status, hematoma volume, and uncontrolled blood pressure emerged as significant prognostic factors in ICH patients with CKD.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.409-417
• /
• 1999

Talarirach 뇌지도(atlas)는 서로 수직인 두정방향(coronal), 시상봉합방향(sagittal), 축방향(axial)의 3세트 슬라이스들로 구성되어 있으며, 뇌기능 질환진단 및 병인 분석에서 표준 뇌지도로서 그 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 특히 컴퓨터상에서 이들로부터 얻어진 3차원 디지털 볼륨 데이터는 처리결과의 가시화와 정량적 분석에서 그 응용범위가 크다. 본 노문은 Talairach 뇌지도의 3차원 볼륨 데이터 재구성에서 쌍선형(bi-linear) 보간법의 적용 방법과 삼평면(tri-planar)보간법을 제안하고, Talairach 뇌지도 편집기를 제작하여 볼륨 데이터 재구성의 문제점을 고찰하였다. 쌍선형 보간법과 뇌지도에 적용은 1세트의 슬라이스에 대하여 하나씩의 밝기값만 고려하였으며, 삼평면 보간법은 서로 수직인 3방향의 슬라이스의 노구조물 정보를 동시에 이용하였다. Talairach 뇌지도 편집기는 3방향의 슬라이스를 동일 좌표계에 동시에 시각화하여 편집할 수 있도록 하였다. 뇌지도 편집기를 이용하여 Talairach 뇌지도의 3방향의 슬라이스간의 뇌구조물의 부합이 다름을 보여줌으로써 볼륨 재구성의 문제점을 밝혔다.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2010

통행비용함수(VDF)는 교통량 수준에 따른 링크 통행시간을 산출하기 위한 것으로 교통수요 예측의 신뢰도에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 요소이다. 고속도로의 VDF는 1997년 한국도로공사에 의해 구축 제공된 바 있으나, 기타 도로는 미국 공로국(BPR)에서 제시한 기본 값을 그대로 국내에 적용함에 따라 교통수요 예측의 신뢰도를 저하시키는 요인으로 지적되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 VDF의 문제점 및 개선방향을 검토하고 이를 보완하기 위해 교통조사자료에 근거한 VDF를 구축하는데 주목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 도로위계의 재분류, 교통조사방법, VDF 추정 방법론, 그리고 새로운 VDF의 검증을 통한 개선사항 등을 주요 내용으로 다루고 있다. 새로운 VDF를 전국 지역간 O/D 및 교통분석용 네트워크에 적용한 결과, 적정 오차율 범위 내에 해당하는 링크의 비율이 증가하며, 기종점간 통행시간 및 통행경로 선택이 현실적으로 개선되는 것으로 분석된다. 향후 단속류 구간의 VDF 구축, 도로용량 및 자유통행속도 등에 대한 추후 연구가 요구된다.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 2005

Electrocardiogram-gated single photon omission computed tomography (SPECT) provides valuable information in the assessment of both myocardial perfusion and ventricular function. Tl-201 is a suboptimal isotope for gating. Tl-201 images are more blurred compared with Tc-99m tracers due to the increased amount of scattered photons and use of a smooth filter. The average myocardial count densities are approximately one-half those of conventional technetium tracers. However, Tl-201 is still widely used because of its well-established utility for assessing myocardial perfusion, viability and risk stratification. Gated SPECT with Tl-201 enables us to assess both post-stress and rest left ventricular volume and function. Previous studies with gated Tl-201 SPECT measurements of ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) have shown high correlation with first-pass radionuclide angiography, gated blood pool scan, Tc-99m-MIBI gated SPECT, contrast ventriculography, echocardiography, and 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. However, problems related to these studies include few agreement data of EDV and ESV, use of a reference method that is likely to have the same systemic errors (gated Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT), and other technical factors related to the count density of gated SPECT. With optimization of gated imaging protocols and more validation studies, gated Tl-201 SPECT would be an accurate method to provide perfusion and function information in patients with coronary artery disease.

• 한국인쇄학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.115-131
• /
• 1996

The PVT(pressure-volume-temperature) relation of main-chain dimer liquid crystals having structures such as $\alpha$,$\omega$-bis[(4,4`-cyanobiphenyl) oxy] alkane(CBA-n with=9, 10) were studied. these dimer liquid crystals are known to form an enantiotropic nematic mesophase. In this work, we have determined the volume change as a function of temperature and pressure by using a GNOMIX PVT apparatus. In the V-Tcurves obtaind from isobaris mearements on various pressures, volume changes were observed at the nematic-isotropiz and nematic-crystal phase transitions. The volume changes at the transition exhibit slight odd-even effect with respect to the number of methylene unit n. The values of the (S)v obtained at the NI transition for CBA-9 and -10 were 6.9 and 12.6J/mol k. The valuesof (S)v for the CN transition were estimated on the basis of DSC(differential scanning calorimetry) data: 58.8(CBA-9) and 65.3J/mol k (CBA-10). For both transition, it was found that the correction about the volume change is significant, ranging from 40% to 60% of the total transition entropy observed under constant pressure.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.744-752
• /
• 2003

A level set method is combined with the volume-of-fluid method so that the coupled method can not only calculate an interfacial curvature accurately but also can achieve mass conservation well. The coupled level set and volume-of-fluid(CLSVOF) method is efficiently implemented by employing an interface reconstruction algorithm which is based on the explicit relationship between the interface configuration and the fluid volume function. The CLSVOF method is applied for numerical simulation of droplet impact on solid surfaces with variable contact angles. The numerical results are found to preserve mass conservation and to be in good agreement with the data reported in the literature. Also, the present method proved to be applicable to the complex phenomena such as breakup and rebound of a droplet.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 20대 여대생을 대상으로 45도 기대어 앉은 자세와 바로 누운 자세에서 PNF를 융합한 호흡운동을 실시하였을 때 폐기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 20대 정상인 20명을 대상으로 실험군 10명, 대조군 10명으로 무작위 배치하였다. 실험은 4주간 실시하였으며, 주당 5회 30분씩 실시하였다. 실험군은 45도 기대어 앉은 자세에서 PNF 호흡운동 30분을 실시하였고 대조군은 바로 누운 자세에서 PNF 호흡운동 30분을 실시하였다. 실험대상자들은 실험전과 실험후에 폐활량분석기를 통해 폐기능을 평가하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 실험군이 대조군보다 호기예비용적과 폐활량, 최대환기량에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 45도 기대어 앉은 자세에서 PNF호흡패턴운동을 실시한 실험군이 바로 누워 PNF호흡운동을 실시한 대조군보다 폐기능의 증진을 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.211-222
• /
• 1988

Tetralogy of Fallot is a cyanotic congenital heart disease characterized by large ventricular septal defect[VSD] and stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract[RVOT] and the degree of RVOT stenosis and the state of pulmonary arteries are the major determinant of prognosis of this anomaly after operation. The sum of blood flow through RVOT and collateral flow from systemic arteries determine the total pulmonary blood flow and it is drained to left atrium and left ventricle. Therefore the degree of development of left ventricle not only reflects pulmonary blood flow and the status of peripheral pulmonary arteries but also affects postoperative prognosis as a systemic ventricle. In this article, left ventricular volume and its influence on postoperative cardiac function in tetralogy of Fallot were studied in 34 patients operated on at Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital in 1985. Mean age of the patients was 5 1/12*3 9/12 years[range 9/12 - 14 8/12 years], mean body surface area[BSA] 0.65*0.20m2[range 0.38 - 1.22m2], mean body weight 15.6k6.48kg[range 7.0 - 36kg]and mean hematocrit 50.6*9.77%[range 32.0 - 73.5%]. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume[LVEDV] of them were from 11.2 to 113cc and there was a good linear correlation between BSA[m2, X]and LVEDV[cc, Y][Y= - 20.0+923x, r= 0.84, p < 0.005]. Mean LVEDV/m2 was [57.6 * 18.3 cc / m2[range 28.7 - 95.8 cc / m2] and there was a significant reduction of volume compared with normal value. As body surface increases, there was a increasing tendency in LVEDV/m2 but there was no statistical significance. Mean total amount of postoperatively infused dopamine in these 33 patients[except one who expired postoperatively] was 65.6*74.5mg / kg and it was 40.6*44.0mg / kg in routine RVOT widening group [Group I] and 205*49.3mg / kg in transannular RVOT widening group[Group II]. There was a statistically significant difference between two groups. In group I patients there was a good linear inverse correlation between dopamine total amount[mg / kg, Y] and LV volume[cc / m2, X] [Y = 150 - 1.89 X, r = - 0. 77, p < 0.005]. But there were no correlations between dopamine total amount and Hct, cardiopulmonary bypass time and aorta cross clamp time. In conclusion, the patient with small preoperative left ventricular volume required more amount of dopamine as an inotropic agent for the maintenance of a cardiac function in postoperative period. But this is a result of immediate postoperative period and does not reflect the long term effect of left ventricular volume in tetralogy of Fallot. There must be more study for the evaluation of its long term effect.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국측량학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.169-174
• /
• 2003

Design of a rational earth volume conversion coefficient is required as the earth volume conversion coefficient may give great influence on construction work volume and construction costs in the civil engineering works where large-scaled earth volume is excavated. However, there are a great deal of difficulties in the calculation of the exact spoil surface earth and Insufficient earth volume by adopting the figures presented on the generally used design specifications which are not the results obtained from the selection tests in calculating the earth volume conversion coefficient. In this connection, it would be desirable to calculate the earth volume conversion coefficient by carrying out large-scaled site test adequate for the relevant environment. In consequence, this study aims at calculating the exact earth volume conversion coefficient of cutting and banking areas of weathering rocks in large-scaled construction sites where land is being developed into home lots. For this, we have excavated the respective 20 sites of the cutting and banking areas in the said site and then calculated the volume after the excavation. As a result, the relative exactness degree of the crossing was calculated at 0.5% in average. The relative exactness degree of 0.5% in the volume may be judged as an exact measurement as it corresponds to 0.17% of the relative exactness degree in the length measurement. We have calculated the exact earth volume conversion coefficient by the use of function ratio as per the wet unit weight and the indoor soil quality test as per volume calculated. And then we have found out minor differences as a result of the comparison and analysis with the earth volume conversion coefficient determined by the dry unit weight test as per sand replacement method. This may be judged as a rational design method for the calculation of earth volume conversion coefficient, as well as high reliability of site test as a precision photogrammetry is adopted for volume measurement of the irregular excavating areas.