• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.64-67
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 홍삼에 함유되어 있는 총 phenolic화합물을 정량하기 위하여 Folin-Denis방법을 사용하였으며, 이 때 정량에 방해를 줄 수 있는 물질에 대해서 조사하였고 홍삼분말로부터 phenolic 화합물 추출조건을 조사하였다. 아미노산중에서는 tyrosine, cystein 및 tryptophan이 영향을 미쳤고, 여러 가지 유기산, 당류 및 ginsenosides는 거의 영향을 미치지 않았다. 비타민 중에서는 vitimln B$_{12}$, d-biotin, D-pantothenic acid, niacinamide, nicotinic acid, vitamine A palmitate, vitamine D$_3$ 등을 제외한 비타민은 발색에 영향을 미쳤다. 홍삼으로부터 phenolic 화합물을 추출하기 위한 추출조건은 60% ethanol을 사용해서 80。C에서 1-2시간씩 3회 정도 추출이 적당하다고 판단된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.863-873
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• 1997

Electrical stimulation and vitamin $AD_3E$ administration have been shown to enhance the repair of biological tissues such as bone, ligament and tendon, The objective of this study were (a) to investgate the therapeutic effects of different levels of electrical stimulation and vitamin $AD_3E$ administration on fracture healing in a rat model and (b) to identify the most effective voltage level. Ninety Sprague-dawley rats were divided into electrical stimulation group and vitamin $AD_3E$ administration group. Electricla stimulation group was divided into four groups on the basis of the level of current delivered. The experimental groups received current (which varied by group), while the controls, with identical electrodes, received no current. In vitamin $AD_3E$ administration group, experimental group was injected 2,500 IU of vitamin A, 1,250 IU of vitamine $D_3$, 1mg of vitamine E intramuscularly. And in control group 0.1ml of saline was injected intramuscularly. After time periods (7-day, 14-day, 21-day for stimulation all rats were tested with combination of biochemical, roentgenologic and histomorphological methods. The results obtained were as follows ; In electrical stimulation groups, serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus level of experimental and control groups showed non specific change within normal physiological ranges. In vitamin $AD_3E$ administration group, serum calcium level of experimental and control groups showed non specific changes within normal physiological ranges, while experimental group showed slightly higher serum inorganic phosphorus level. According to roentgenologic and histomorphological examination, 2V 25Hz electrical stimulation group and vitamine $AD_3E$ administration group showed statistically significant improvements in bone density and ossification reaction until day 14. The terapeutic effect of stimulation on fracture healing was similiar to that of vitamin $AD_3E$ administration. In this study stimulation of 2V 25Hz was the most effective level of electrical stimulation for the healing of fracture of rats.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.261-266
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• 2011

During the process of screening for antioxidative effects of natural plants in Korea, by measuring the superoxide quenching activity, methanol extract of the whole plant, Galium verum var. asiaticum (Rubiaceae), was found to show potent antioxidant activity. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation of methanol extract of Galium verum var. asiaticum led to the isolation of five phenolic compounds. Using spectroscopic techniques, the chemical structures were elucidated as: caffeic acid (1), narcissin (2), rutin (3), luteolin-7-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 ${\rightarrow}$ 2)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (4), and luteolin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (5). These compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant. Among them, compound 1 showed the most significant riboflavin-originated superoxide and xanthine-originated superoxide quenching activities. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited mild superoxide quenching effects compared with vitamine C.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1995

1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3 is a novel vitamine D3 analog which has a double bond between C-23 and C-24. We describe the effects of this analog on cell differentiation and cell proliferation in vitro using the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937, and on calcium metabolism in rats in vivo. In the present investigation 1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3 was compared to the natural metabolite of vitamin D3, 1$\alpha$, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol[1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3 was more potent than 1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3 for inhibition of proliferation and induction of differentiation of U937 cells. Especially, its effect on induction of differentiation, as measured by superoxide production and nonspecific esterase(NSE) activity, was about 20-fold more potent that 1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3. This analog morphologically and functionally differentiated U937 cells to monocyte-macrophage phenotype showing a decrease of N/C ratio in Giemsa staining and the increase of adherence ability to surface. Intraperitoneal administration of 1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3 to rats showed that the compound had at least 50 times less activity than 1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3 in causing hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. The strong direct effects of 1, 25(OH)2-23ene-D3 on cell proliferation and cell differentiation, coupled with its decreased activity of calcium metabolism make this compound an interesting candidate for clinical studies including patients with leukemia, as well as several skin disorders, such as psoriasis.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.101-107
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• 1997

Phellinus linteus was artificially cultivated in kangwon province in Korea. The air-dried phellinus linteus was frozen in liquid nitrogen tank and powdered in jar. 10g of the powder was extracted with each 200g of ethanol, methanol, distilled water and 1,3-butylene glycol/distilled water 4 hours under refluxing and then the liquidextract was concentrated under reduced pressure. As a result of analysis by high performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromarography, many kinds of sugar and flavonoids were detected. Also we knew that phellinus linteus' extract had a strong UV-ray absorption. In the efficacy test for applying to cosmetics, free radical scavenging effect was confirmed. As a result, 2% of sample was the most potent inhibitory effect and the free radical savenging activity, was 0.31%. This is more effective than any other meterial. In the test of antioxidative activity against lipid autoxidation, phellinus linteus' extract had a good effect by 46% while vitamine E was 42.3%. The immunological activity of phellinus linteus was showed through the activation of macrophage cell. Actually, phellinus linteus activated macrophage function of 1.1-1.8 times including nitrite production compared to control. The whitening effect of phellinus linteus was showed through the inhibition of tyrosinase activity, melanin biosynthesis of S. bikiniensis and B-16 melanoma cells. Phellinus linteus' extract was showed strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 0.5% and inhibited melanin biosynthesis with 28mm inhibition zone at 0.005%/paper disc in S. bikinniensis, a bacterium used as an indicator organism in this work. Also it inhibited melanin biosynthesis in B-16 melanoma cells with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.134%.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.315-319
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• 1992

제주도 다원에서 생산된 녹차 생엽을 적채 시기별(1번차, 2번차, 3번차)로 혐기적으로 처리하여, ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid(GABA) 및 기타 주요성분의 함량변화를 측정한 결과 차엽의 질소가스 치환처리 및 진공처리 모두 GABA와 alanine의 함량은 현저하게 증가한 반면에 glutamic acid는 현저하게 감소하였다. 또한 theanine, arginine, caffein 및 polyphenol의 함량은 거의 변화가 없었으며, vit.C의 함량은 혐기처리 시간의 경과에 따라 조금씩 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 혈압강하작용 성분인 GABA의 생성량은 원엽의 아미노산의 함량, 특히 glutamic acid의 함량에 비례하였으며, 최적 혐기처리 시간은 약 12시간으로 나타났다. 한편, 차엽의 혐기적 처리조건에 있어서 질소가스 치환 처리와 진공처리 사이의 효과에 있어서의 차이는 거의 없었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.157-168
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• 1994

This study was carried out to elucidate the time course variation of vitamin $D_{3}$ (V$D_{3}$) and 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_{3}$ [25(OH)$D_{3}$] contents in the liver and skeleton of 3-wk old broiler chicks when treated with different UV irradiation procedure. Day-old Hubbard chicks were fed vitamin D deficient diet for 3 wk and exposed to medium wave ultraviolet(UVB) light with different irradiation procedures. Procedure I was 30 min continuous irradiation(O.204 mJ /$cm^{2}$) and Procedure II was three seperate 10 min irradiation with 12 h intervals, and Procedure III was three seperate 10 min irradiation with 24 h intervals. The liver and skeleton samples were collected at 10 different times between 0000~2400 h after the last irradiation. The V$D_{3}$ and 25(OH)$D_{3}$ fractions wereseparated by Sep-Pak silica cartridge and the concentrations were determined by normal phase HPLC. The mean content of V$D_{3}$ in the liver of the birds treated by Procedure II was 6.68 ng /g, which was higher than 5.60 and 5.30 ng /g from Procedure I and Ill, respectively(P<.O5). With regard to the effect of elapsed time after UVB irradiation on the V$D_{3}$ concentration of the liver, 96 h treatment showed the highest value(13.08 ng/g)(P<.05). There was a significant(P$D_{3}$ were significantly(P$D_{3}$ in the skeleton of tibia and femur, there were no significant differences among Procedure I, II and III, but significant differences were found among those from various elapsed time after irradiation, The highest value was shown at 96 h(O.99 ng /g) treatment, and interaction between irradiation procedure and elapsed time was not significant. With regard to the mean content of 25(OH)$D_{3}$ in bone, the Procedure II(18.79 ng /g) and III(17.73 ng /g) showed higher values than Procedure I did (P<.05), and the 12 h elapsed time showed the highest value(31.17 ng /g) among 10 treatments (P<.05), however, there was no significant interaction between exposing procedure and elapsed time. In conclusion, the Procedure II would he more desirable than Procedure I or III to produce more V$D_{3}$ and 25(OH)$D_{3}$ in the liver and skeleton of birds by exposing to the UVB light. Also, it was verified that 25(OH)$D_{3}$ increases more quickly than V$D_{3}$ in both tissues tested and is utilized more quickly to recover from the rickets of chicks.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1995

1) 돌발성난청의 치료성적은 대조군, 성상신경절차 단군 각각 완전회복 28.6%, 18.5%, 부분회복은 6.1%, 7.4%, 경도회복은 16.3%, 25.9%로 성상신경절차단군이 예후가 나쁜 인자가 많았음에도 불구하고 두군사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2) 회복예후는 두통이 수반될 때, 청력형이 농형일 때 예후가 불량하였고, 발증에서 치료시작까지의 기간이 빠를수록 좋았으며 특히 성상신경절차단을 2주 이내에 시행한 경우에는 반응이 없었던 예가 없었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.383-397
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• 1999

치아 이동시 골개조에 관여하는 골모세포의 활성을 알아보기 위해 골조직 대사 물질인 vitamin $D_3$를 1, 10, 100nM/ml 농도로, dexamethasone을 10, 100nM/ml, $1{\mu}M/ml$ 농도로 단독 또는 복합 투여하여 세포 활성 및 염기성인산분해효소의 활성도를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. dexamethasone을 단독 투여한 경우 배양 1일째에 $1{\mu}M/ml$ 농도에서만 대조군에 비해 유의한 세포 활성 증가를 보였으며 이후에는 전반적으로 유의한 감소를 보였다. 반면에 염기성 인산분해효소의 활성도는 $1{\mu}M/ml$의 dexamethasone일 때 가장 높았으며 배양 기간이 길어질수록 유의한 증가를 보였다. 2 vitamin $D_3$ 첨가시 배양 1일째에는 세포 활성이 증가하였으나 배양 2일째에는100nM/ml에서 대조군과 비교해 크게 감소하여 농도의 증가에 따라 세포 활성이 크게 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 배양 3일째에는 다소 활성이 회복되었다. 염기성 인산분해효소의 활성도는 10nM/ml과 100nM/m1의 vitamin $D_3$에서 배양 2일째와 3일째에 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높았는데 100nM/ml에서 배양 3일째에 가장 높았다. 3. dexamethasone과 vitamin $D_3$를 복합 투여 한 경우 배 양 2일째에는 모든 vitamin $D_3$ 농도에서 세포 활성 이 감소하였으나 3일째에는 세포 활성이 회복되어 대조군이나 dexamethasone단독 투여 시에 비해 유의한 활성 증가를 보이는 경우가 있었다. 염기성 인산분해효소의 활성은 배양 1일째에 감소를 보였으나 배양 2일째에 10nM/ml나 100nM/ml의 dexamethasone에 100nM/ml의 vitamin $D_3$복합 투여의 경우 유의한 증가를 보였고 배양 3일째에 다시 감소를 보였다. 적절한 농도의 dexamethasone과vitamin $D_3$의 복합 사용으로 골모세포의 활성 및 염기성 인산분해효소를 증가시키거나 조절하는 상승 효과를 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.386-393
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• 1999

대체에너지 생산을 위한 우수발효효모를 선별하기 위하여 전국 지역에서 전분, 전분박 및 전분 공장의 주변 토양과 폐수 등 시료를 채취하여 glucoamylase를 분비하는 효모균 64분리주를 얻었으며 이중 비교적 높은 activity를 보여주는 분리주를 선별하였다. 분리주를 동정한 결과 A1-5, D1, E3, G1과 J20은 Saccharomyces diastaticus로 동정되었으며 Saccharomycopsis fibuligera와 Schwanniomyces occidentalis는 각각 두 분리주, Ambrosiozyma monospora와 Lypomyces kononenkoae로 각각 한 분리주색 동정되었다. 그 중 높은 효소활성을 보여주는 S. diastaticus A1-5, J20과 E3을 선택하여 분비되는 glucoamylase의 일반적인 특성을 조사하였다. 배양액내의 효소의 생성을 측정한 결과 glucose나 saccharose, 그리고 4탄당과 3탄당보다 수용성녹말에 의하여 현저하게 증가하였다. Glucoamylase활성의 반응 최적 온도는 $50^{\circ}C{\sim}60^{\circ}C$였고, 최적 pH는 $5{\sim}6$이었으며, 열에 대해서는 $60^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 불안정한 활성을 보며주었다. 금속이온에 따른 효소의 활성은 $Na^+,\;Mg^{2+}$에 의해 약간 증가하였으나, $H^{2+},\;Ag^{2+}$에 의해 현저하게 감소되는 현상을 보여주었다. 효소의 기질 특이성은 수용성녹말이 쌀 전분, 옥수수전분과 밀 전분에 비하여 현저하게 좋은 기질임을 알 수 있었다.