• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.142-146
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) as a animal feedstuff. Insect resources have been widely recognized that it exhibits its own biological activity by whole body or its metabolic intermediates. To accomplish this, its general and biological activities were measured. The present study was conducted to compare antioxidant activity of black soldier fly larva, pupa and grasshopper by examining radical scavenging activity using DPPH (2,2 diphenyl 1-picryl hydrazyl). DPPH radical scavenging activity was conducted on the EtOH, MeOH, H2O fractions of black soldier fly larvae. Results showed that black soldier fly pupa on the H2O fraction contained the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity among the samples. FRAP assay are more suitable methods to evaluate antioxidant activity of black soldier fly extracts. Among the samples, the FRAP value showed higher antioxidant activity in the extracts from black soldier fly pupa extract on H2O fraction. These results suggest that black soldier fly larva and pupa extract has antioxidant activity and its fractions can be utilized to develop functional feedstuff.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.159-164
• /
• 2014

In this study, functionality of products of silkworm hemolymph fermented by Bacillus species was studied such as cell viability, antioxidant effect, and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activities. A matured silkworm hemolymph was degraded by fermentation with Bacillus subtilis 10854 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M27. Especially, proteins of matured silkworm hemolymph were degraded to 3,000 Da by fermentation with B. amyloliquefaciens M27. Cell viability for MTT assay was higher than PBS in hemolymph and fermented hemolymph. A DPPH free radical scavenging activity of fermented hemolymph was as higher as Vitamin C and dependent on sample concentrations. Thus, these results suggest that degraded hemolymph fermented by B. amyloliquefaciens M27 may have antioxidant properties as a material for cosmetics.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.94-98
• /
• 2007

This study was to investigate the effects of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol on the attenuation of renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in pigs. Ten pigs were subjected to 60 minutes of warm unilateral renal ischemia followed by removal of contralateral kidney and then divided into two groups. Treatment group was performed ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol pretreatment 2 days before operation and ascorbic acid with heparin-saline solution irrigation-aspiration. Otherwise, control group used only irrigation-aspiration of heparin-saline solution. Blood samples were collected from these pigs for measurement of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine values, antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) at pre, day 1, day 3, day 7 and day 14. The kidneys were taken for histopathologic evaluation after euthanasia on postoperative day 14. The levels of BUN were significantly increased in the control group on day 1, day 3 and day 7 (P<0.05). And the level of creatinine was significantly increased in the control group on day 3 (p<0.05). Activity of antioxidant enzymes in plasma revealed significant difference (p<0.05) between control and treatment group at day 14. In histopathologic findings, treatment group was showed less damage than that of control group on the basis of renal tubular damage. It was concluded that ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol attenuated renal I/R injury in the pigs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.473-478
• /
• 2011

The study evaluated the antioxidant effects of ascorbic acid (AA) against oxidative stress during laparotomy in dogs under general anesthesia using isoflurane. Twelve dogs were randomly assigned to either the ascorbic acid group (AAG) or the sham group (SG). AAG received intravenous dosage of 100 mg/animal of standard AA 10 minutes before anesthesia. Plasma levels of cortisol, glucose, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured. Cortisol level increased significantly with time in both groups (p < 0.05). The change of glucose levels was not significantly different between both groups. TOS and OSI increased significantly with time in the SG (p < 0.05), whereas it did not significantly change with time in the AAG. The TOS and OSI of the AAG were significantly lower than in the SG (p < 0.05). However, TAS did not significantly change between both groups. The results suggest that the decrease of TOS in the AAG might be related to the conversion of antioxidants to oxidants. The decrease of OSI indicates that the decrease of reactive oxygen species (i.e., oxidative stress) produced at the site of injury is able to decrease surgical side effects of abnormal blood circulation, organ failure, and inflammation. Therefore, AA can be used to protect a surgical patient from oxidative stress in canine laparotomy.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.35 no.1 s.136
• /
• pp.92-97
• /
• 2004

Effect of AGI $({\alpha}-Glucosidase\;Inhibitor)-1120$, pine (Pinus densiflora) bark extract and Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) - and Chaga mushroom mycelium extracts on cellular $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation in malignant human keratinocytes (SCC-13) were evaluated to elucidate the possible correlation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ with antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activities of these natural products were examined in three different evaluation methods, i.e., lipid peroxidation value (POV) evaluation test, and 1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging test. In a cell-based $NF-{\kappa}B$ monitoring assay systern, all samples revealed the downregulatory profiles on the cellular $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity. AGI -1120 (1, 2 mg) and Chaga mushroom extract (0.05, 0.1 mg) downregulated the $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity in a dose-dependent manner. Chaga mushroom mycelium extract (5 mg) significantly inhibited the $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity (p<0.05). Although AGI-1120 and Chaga mushroom mycelium extract exhibited no antioxidant activities evaluated in pay, Chaga mushroom extract showed antioxidant in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of $0.05{\sim}1$ mg. While AGI-1120 and Chaga mushroom extract possessed a relatively potential DPPH radical scavenging activity, the NO scavenging activity of Chaga mushroom extract $(SC_{50}:47\;{mu}g)$ was higher than the known antioxidant, vitamin C $(SC_{50}:77\;{mu}g)$. These results suggest that AGI-1120 and Chaga mushroom- and Chaga mushroom mycelium extracts may serve as an useful radical scavenging antioxidant agents with $NF-{\kappa}B$ inhibitory effect in human skin.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.174-180
• /
• 2016

Dicumarol is a coumarin derivative isolated from sweet clover (Melilotus alba), and has anti-coagulant activity with the inhibitory activity of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase1 (NQO1). NQO1 catalyzes the two-electron reduction of quinones to hydroquinones. Dicumarol competes with NAD(P)H for binding to NQO1, resulting in the inhibition of NQO1 enzymatic activity. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. The expression of MMPs is regulated by cytokines and signal transduction pathways, including those activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). However, the effects of dicumarol on metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression and activity are not investigated here. This study investigated whether dicumarol inhibits MMP-9 expression and activity in PMA-treated human renal carcinoma Caki cells. Dicumarol markedly inhibited the PMA-induced MMP-9 mRNA expression and MMP-9 activity. NF-κB and AP1 promoter activity, which is important in MMP-9 expression, also decreased in dicumarol-treated cells. Furthermore, dicumarol markedly suppressed the ability of PMA-mediated migration in Caki cells. When the relevance of NQO1 in the dicumarol-mediated inhibitory effect on PMA-induced MMP9 activity was elucidated, knock-down of NQO1 with siRNA was found to have no effect on PMA-induced MMP9 activity, suggesting that the stimulating effect of dicumarol on PMA-induced MMP9 activity is independent of NQO1 activity. Taken together, the present studies suggested that dicumarol may inhibit PMA-induced migration via down-regulation of MMP-9 expression and activity.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.507-514
• /
• 2010

This study was performed to reduce unpleasant taste and flavor of $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume as well as to improve utilization as functional food materials using fermentation. The component, antioxidant activity, and taste test were compared between fresh and fermented $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume powder (FGP). FGP contained higher level of total fat, protein, mineral, and fiber than raw material. The pH of FGP was higher compared to raw $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume powder (RGP), and antioxidant activity was as high as vitamin C regardless material status (raw vs. fermented). This result indicated that its activity was not decreased by fermentation. Dispersiveness and solubility of $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume powder was the best in 60-70 mesh. For sensory evaluation, FGP or RGP was mixed with either orange juice or yoghurt. The results showed that overall preference, taste, flavor, texture, and color were better in fermented $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume drinks than in raw ones. It is plausible that unpleasant taste and flavor of $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume was declined by fermentation. Thus, fermentation can be easily applied to eliminate unpleasant smell in $Gastrodia$ $elata$ Blume, and FGP can be mixed with other beverages to produce healthy food and drinks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.46-66
• /
• 2006

새로운 지능기반사회(ubiquitous society) 패러다임이란 전제 아래 미국을 비롯해 일본, 유럽 등 세계 각국에서는 모바일, 브로드밴드, 극소형 컴퓨터, IPv6의 기술이 창출해 내는 컴퓨팅 혁명의 실체를 유비궈터스 IT로 파악하고 각 국의 걸부, 기업, 연구소들이 주도권을 잡기 위해 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 현재 유비쿼터스 IT를 활용한 u-비즈니스를 활성화하고 관련 시장을 선점하기 위한 전 세계적인 경쟁은 매우 치열한 양상을 보이고 있다. 주요 국가들은 서로 지향하는 영역은 다르지만 궁극적으로 지능기반사회 구현이라는 대명제 아래 독자적인 산업 구축을 위해 노력하고 있다. 이러한 이유는 기본적으로 지능기반사회로의 이행과정에서 발생하는 경제적 파급효과, 예컨대 디지털 가전, 이동통신기기, 전자의료기기, 디스플레이, 2차 전지, 보안 등 관련 산업에 미치는 영향 및 새로운 시장 창출의 기회가 있기 때문이다. 기존의 많은 연구 및 문헌에서는 아직도 유비쿼터스 IT에 대한 개념적인 논의에 치중되어 있고 시장 중심적 또는 수요자 중심적 사고의 논의가 부족하다. 성공적으로 유비쿼터스 산업을 육성하기 위해서는 유비쿼터스 IT자체기술 개발사업(tangible service) 뿐만 아니라 비가시적(intangible) 서비스, 그리고 컨버전스(convergence) 서비스에 대한 상용화 모델과 성공적 사업 전개 방법론에 대한 깊은 연구가 수행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 유비쿼터스 IT의 기술동향과 시장 동향 및 산업 규모에 대한 문헌연구를 통해 u-비즈니스의 가능성을 고찰해보고, u-비즈니스 추진 전략을 탐색적으로 제시하고자 한다.되었다. SPME-GC/MS에 의한 휘발성분 분석 결과, 기능성 유지에서 홍국쌀 에탄올 추출물로부터 기인되는 특유의 휘발성분은 관찰되지 않았으나, RT=12.1 min인 hexanal의 함량이 control에 비하여 유의적인 감소 경향을 나타내는 것이 확인되었다(p<0.05).히지 못하여, 이의 기전을 밝히기 위한 추후 연구가 필요하다./TEX>로서 p<0.01 수준에서 현저히 증가하였다. 혈청의 인지질과 콜레스테롤 에스테르의 지방산 조성에서 vitamin C를 혼합 투여한 3,5,7군에서 PUFA 함량이 증가한 반면, SFA 함량은 감소하여 P/S 비율, n-3P/n-6P 비율은 증가하는 경향이었으며 이는 간장의 인지질, 콜레스테롤 에스테르, 총 지질의 지방산조성에서도 같은 경향을 볼 수 있었다.X>$(C_{18:2})$와 n-3계 linolenic acid$(C_{18:3})$가 대부분을 차지하였다. 야생 돌복숭아 과육 중의 지방산 조성은 포화지방산이 16.74%, 단불포화지방산 17.51% 및 다불포화지방산이 65.73%의 함유 비율을 보였는데, 이 중 다불포화지방산인 n-6계 linoleic acid$(C_{18:2})$와 n-3계 linolenic acid$(C_{18:3})$가 지질 구성 총 지방산의 대부분을 차지하는 함유 비율을 나타내었다.했다. 하강하는 약 4일간의 기상변화가 자발성 기흉 발생에 영향을 미친다고 추론할 수 있었다. 향후 본 연구에서 추론된 기상변화와 기흉 발생과의 인과관계를 확인하고 좀 더 구체화하기 위한 연구가 필요할 것이다.게 이루어질 수 있을 것

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 1974

The antioxidant activity of ground red pepper, ethyl alcohol extracts of ground red pepper peel and alcohol extracts plus organic acid was studied by using edible soybean oil as a substrate. All the substrates were stored in a dark place at $45.0{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ respectively. The results of the study were as follow: 1. Ground red pepper, black pepper and cassia exhibited slight antioxidant activity and there was no significant difference in antioxidant activity among them. 2. Although both ground red pepper peel and red pepper seed showed antioxidant activity, ground red pepper peel exhibited greater antioxidant activity than ground red pepper peel did. 3. Ethyl alcohol extracts of red pepper peel showed strong antioxidant activity, but the residue did not show the antioxidant activity. 4. The antioxidant activity of the ethyl alcohol extracts of red pepper peel increased in direct proportion to the concentration of the extracts. 5. In connection with the synergistic effect of organic acid to the ethyl alcohol extracts of red pepper peel, citric acid showed a very strong synergistic effect on the antioxidant activity of red pepper, while ascorbic acid showed a weak effect. On the other hand, phosphoric acid showed an accelerating effect on the oxidation of oils. 6. The maximum antioxidant activity of the ethyl alcohol of ground red pepper peel was observed at the citric acid concentration of 0.04%, when tested at various concentration of citric acid.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 2016

In this study, the effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment on microbial inactivation and quality in rapeseed sprouts were investigated. Untreated rapeseed sprouts exhibit a high level of total aerobic bacteria (TAB) ($1.2{\times}10^7CFU/g$), coliform bacteria (coliform) ($3.3{\times}10^6CFU/g$), and pathogenic E. coli (PE) ($2.1{\times}10^5CFU/g$). The microorganisms found on rapeseed sprouts decreased with exposure to increasing light intensity and treatment time. The greatest reduction in microbial content was observed with a treatment of 1000 V, 5 pps for 10 min, where TAB, coliform, and PE levels decreased to 1.0 log CFU/g, 1.6 log CFU/g, and 1.8 log CFU/g, respectively. In agreement with these data, the microbial inactivation rate increased with the increase in the distance between the light source and the samples during IPL treatment. After IPL treatment of rapeseed sprouts, water content and vitamin C content decreased.