• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.85-100
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• 2019

This study examines changes in consumer perceptions of fashion shows, which are critical elements in the apparel industry and a means to represent a brand's image and originality. For this purpose, big data in clothing marketing, text mining, semantic network analysis techniques were applied. This study aims to verify the effectiveness and significance of fashion shows in an effort to give directions for their future utilization. The study was conducted in two major stages. First, data collection with the key word, "fashion shows," was conducted across websites, including Naver and Daum between 2015 and 2018. The data collection period was divided into the first- and second-half periods. Next, Textom 3.0 was utilized for data refinement, text mining, and word clouding. The Ucinet 6.0 and NetDraw, were used for semantic network analysis, degree centrality, CONCOR analysis and also visualization. The level of interest in "models" was found to be the highest among the perception factors related to fashion shows in both periods. In the first-half period, the consumer interests focused on detailed visual stimulants such as model and clothing while in the second-half period, perceptions changed as the value of designers and brands were increasingly recognized over time. The findings of this study can be utilized as a tool to evaluate fashion shows, the apparel industry sectors, and the marketing methods. Additionally, it can also be used as a theoretical framework for big data analysis and as a basis of strategies and research in industrial developments.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2019

Purpose: The laparoscopic transhiatal approach (LA) for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEJ) is advantageous since it allows better visualization of the surgical field than the open approach (OA). We compared the surgical outcomes of the 2 approaches. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 108 patients with AEJ who underwent transhiatal distal esophagectomy and gastrectomy with curative intent between 2003 and 2015. Surgical outcomes were reviewed using electronic medical records. Results: The LA and OA were performed in 37 and 71 patients, respectively. Compared to the OA, the LA was associated with significantly shorter duration of postoperative hospital stay (9 vs. 11 days, P=0.001), shorter proximal resection margins (3 vs. 7 mm, P=0.004), and extended operative times (240 vs. 191 min, P=0.001). No significant difference was observed between the LA and OA for intraoperative blood loss (100 vs. 100 mL, P=0.392) or surgical morbidity rate ($grade{\geq}II$) for complications (8.1% vs. 23.9%, P=0.080). Two cases of anastomotic leakage occurred in the OA group. The number of harvested lymph nodes was not significantly different between the LA and OA groups (54 vs. 51, P=0.889). The 5-year overall and 3-year relapse-free survival rates were 81.8% and 50.7% (P=0.024) and 77.3% and 46.4% (P=0.009) for the LA and OA groups, respectively. Multivariable analyses revealed no independent factors associated with overall survival. Conclusions: The LA is feasible and safe with short- and long-term oncologic outcomes similar to those of the OA.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare laryngoscopic views and ease of use and success of intubation, via the percentage of glottic opening (POGO) scale when using the Miller blade and Macintosh blade in paraglossal approach. Methods: Forty intern doctors were randomized for laryngoscopy to be performed in a crossover manner. They performed endotracheal intubation with Miller blade and Macintosh blade in two airway scenarios: normal airway and difficult airway with edema. We observed the rate of successful intubation, time required for visualizing the glottis, time to complete endotracheal intubation, ease of intubation, and the POGO scale. Results: In the normal airway, there was no difference in intubation between the two endoscopes. In the difficult airway, the time for visualizing the glottis (7.80 versus 10.24 sec; p=.006), the time to tube passage (19.38 versus 23.03 sec; p=.038) and the time to complete endotracheal intubation (21.84 versus 28.54 sec; p=.022) with Miller blade was shorter than with Macintosh blade. The POGO scale(%) of the Miller blade was higher than that of the Macintosh blade's (62.25 versus 56.32; p=.030). Conclusion: Compared to the Macintosh blade, Miller blade provided better visualization of the glottis and POGO scale, and faster time to completion of endotracheal intubation.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.209-217
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study was to obtain improved susceptibility weighted images (SWI) of the cervical spinal cord using respiratory-induced artifact compensation. Materials and Methods: The artifact from $B_0$ fluctuations by respiration could be compensated using a double navigator echo approach. The two navigators were inserted in an SWI sequence before and after the image readouts. The $B_0$ fluctuation was measured by each navigator echoes, and the inverse of the fluctuation was applied to eliminate the artifact from fluctuation. The degree of compensation was quantified using a quality index (QI) term for compensated imaging using each navigator. Also, the effect of compensation was analyzed according to the position of the spinal cord using QI values. Results: Compensation using navigator echo gave the improved visualization of SWI in cervical spinal cord compared to non-compensated images. Before compensation, images were influenced by artificial noise from motion in both the superior (QI = 0.031) and inferior (QI = 0.043) regions. In most parts of the superior regions, the second navigator resulted in better quality (QI = 0.024, P < 0.01) compared to the first navigator, but in the inferior regions the first navigator showed better quality (QI = 0.033, P < 0.01) after correction. Conclusion: Motion compensation using a double navigator method can increase the improvement of the SWI in the cervical spinal cord. The proposed method makes SWI a useful tool for the diagnosis of spinal cord injury by reducing respiratory-induced artifact.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

In the fourth industrial revolution, which has become an issue now, we have been able to receive instant analysis results faster than the existing slow speed through various Big Data technologies, and to conduct real-time monitoring on mobile and web. First, various irregular sensor Data is generated using IoT device, Raspberry Pi. Sensor Data is collected in real time, and the collected data is distributed and stored using several nodes. Then, the stored Sensor Data is processed and refined. Visualize and output the analysis result after analysis. By using these methods, we can train the human resources required for Big Data and mobile related fields using IoT, and process data efficiently and quickly. We also provide information that can confirm the reliability of research results through real time monitoring.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.135-138
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• 2019

Background: The aims of this study were (1) to examine the footprint of the subscapularis tendon using the traditional posterior portal and $30^{\circ}$ arthroscope by simple internal rotation of the arm during surgery, and (2) to classify the pattern of a subscapularis partial-thickness tear. Methods: This study analyzed a total of 231 patients with a partial-thickness subscapularis tear from 550 consecutive patients undergoing an arthroscopic operation who had a visualization of the subscapularis tendon footprint by internal rotation of the arm. First, the patients were classified into four categories according to the tear pattern: (1) stable lamination, (2) unstable lamination, (3) avulsion, and (4) laminated avulsion. Randomized arthroscopic videos were reviewed blindly by two independent orthopedic surgeons. The pattern of the tear of the subscapularis at the neutral position and after internal rotating the arm were assessed and compared with the treatment decision (level IV case series). Results: Stable lamination, unstable lamination, avulsion, and laminated avulsion were observed in 9.1% (n=21), 20.8% (n=48), 41.1% (n=95), and 29.0% (n=67) of cases, respectively. In 145 out of 231 cases (62.8%), the decision was changed after inspecting the footprint after internal rotation of the arm, and the treatment method was changed in 116 (50.2%) cases. Conclusions: In a subscapularis tendon partial-thickness tear, inspecting the footprint of the subscapularis tendon is essential to diagnosing and deciding on the appropriate treatment. In addition, simply internal rotating the arm during surgery when using the traditional posterior portal and $30^{\circ}$ arthroscope can be a valuable method.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.665-676
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the association between indirect vision skills and neck, shoulder, and back pain in dental hygienists. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 85 dental hygienists working full-time at dental clinics. A survey was performed for musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck, shoulders, and back of the subjects. The O'Connor tweezer dexterity test was performed using a mirror to evaluate their indirect vision skills. For statistical analyses, the t-test and one-way analysis of variance were performed. Results: The neck was the most common region of musculoskeletal pain (89.4%). The most intense pain was experienced in the neck (70.6%) and right shoulder (60.0%). Neck pain (20.0%) caused the most interference with clinical practice. Indirect vision skills were lower in the group with severe pain in the left shoulder or with high interference in work due to the left shoulder pain (p=0.026 and p= 0.017, respectively) or right shoulder pain (p=0.004). Conclusions: In this study, neck pain was a major musculoskeletal symptom among dental hygienists, and poor indirect vision skills were associated with the development of shoulder pain. Therefore, to prevent such musculoskeletal symptoms, dental hygienists should become proficient in indirect visualization, which enables a balanced and neutral posture.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.225-233
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• 2019

Purpose: Gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type (chief cell predominant type) (GA-FG-CCP) was first reported as a rare adenocarcinoma found in the normal fundic mucosa. Recent studies have proposed the possibility that GA-FG-CCPs were also generated in the atrophic mucosa after Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication therapy. However, little is known on the endoscopic findings of GA-FG-CCP generated in the atrophic mucosa due to its extreme rarity. Materials and Methods: A total of 8 patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal resection and were diagnosed with GA-FG-CCP generated in the HP-uninfected mucosa (4 cases, HP-uninfected group) or HP-eradicated atrophic mucosa (4 cases, HP-eradicated group) were retrospectively analyzed, and their endoscopic findings, including magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (M-NBI), and pathological features were compared. Results: While GA-FG-CCPs in the 2 groups displayed similar macroscopic appearance, M-NBI demonstrated that characteristic microvessels (tapered microvessels like withered branches) were specifically identified in the HP-eradicated group. Pathological investigation revealed that a decreasing number of fundic glands and thinned foveolar epithelium covering tumor ducts were thought to lower the thickness of the covering layer over tumor ducts in the HP-eradicated group. Moreover, dilation of vessels just under the surface of the lesions contributed to the visualization of microvessels by M-NBI. Conclusions: The change in background mucosa due to HP infection influenced the thickness of the covering layer over the tumor ducts and M-NBI finding of GA-FG-CCP.

• Health Communication
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.51-72
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• 2017

Purpose: Adolescents use emoticons to express their emotions in an online environment. Hence, medical experts can understand the emotions of adolescents by emoticons. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between various emotions and emoticons among the Korean adolescents. Methods: The questionnaire survey was conducted between September 1 and 30, 2014, involving 3,272 students in elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools affiliated in the Department of Education of the metropolitan city of Busan. A total of 1,717 students responded to the survey. The participants consisted of 806 males (46.9%), and 911 females (53.1%). Among these, there were 557 elementary school students (32.4%), 617 middle school students (35.9%), and 543 high school students (31.6%). A social networking analysis was conducted using NodeXL. Results: The frequency of emoticon use among adolescents runs in the order of joy, sadness, fear, surprise, anger, disgust, and then depression. Elementary school females mainly use emoticons to express joy; middle school females use emoticons to express sadness, surprise, anger, disgust, and depression; and high school females use emoticons to express fear. Age- and gender-specific emoticon networks were visualized by using the Haren-Korel fast multiscale algorithm. Commonly used emoticons by age and gender were expressed in the networks. Results of age- and gender-specific emoticon networks visualization show similar results of centrality of seven emoticons. Conclusion: In the digital communication environment, emoticons could be used to catch the emotions of adolescents in Korea.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.323-328
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• 2021

Background Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat lymphedema. Volumetric measurements and quality-of-life assessments are often performed to assess the effectiveness of LVA, but there is no method that provides information regarding postoperative morphological changes in lymphatic vessels and veins after LVA. Photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL) is an optical imaging technique that visualizes the distribution of light-absorbing molecules, such as hemoglobin or indocyanine green (ICG), and provides three-dimensional images of superficial lymphatic vessels and the venous system simultaneously. In this study, we performed PAL in lymphedema patients before and after LVA and compared the images to evaluate the effect of LVA. Methods PAL was performed using the PAI-05 system in three patients (one man, two women) with lymphedema, including one primary case and two secondary cases, before LVA. ICG fluorescence lymphography was performed in all cases before PAL. Follow-up PAL was performed between 5 days and 5 months after LVA. Results PAL enabled the simultaneous visualization of clear lymphatic vessels that could not be accurately seen with ICG fluorescence lymphography and veins. We were also able to observe and analyze morphological changes such as the width and the number of lymphatic vessels and veins during the follow-up PAL after LVA. Conclusions By comparing preoperative and postoperative PAL images, it was possible to analyze the morphological changes in lymphatic vessels and veins that occurred after LVA. Our study suggests that PAL would be useful when assessing the effect of LVA surgery.