• Title/Summary/Keyword: visual impairment

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A Comparative Study on the Prevalence of Refractive Errors Between Urban and Rural Primary School Children (초등학생의 지역간 시력차이에 관한 연구 -대구 및 영천지역을 중심으로-)

  • Jin, Mi-Sun;Suk, Kui-Duk;Shin, Im-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.187-206
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    • 2001
  • The study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and possible causes of refractive errors in primary school children. At one primary school in urban Daegu, one in the medium-sized city of Yongcheon and 2 in rural areas, children wearing glasses and children with visual acuity of less than 0.7 were given our questions. 354 out of 378 children responded to our questions. The research was done from March 2000 to February 2001. The data were analyzed by percentage, x2 test, t-test, ANOVA and Scheff method. Children with eyesight problems were more prevalent in urban areas than rural areas. The lack of luminosity during reading (p=0.015), length of reading time (p=0.08) and posture which watching TV (p=0.023) appeared leading causes of progressing myopias. The visual impairment caused by refractive errors may affect the mental and physical activity of primary school children and lead to social isolation, loneliness and depression. However, little attention may be paid by professionals engaged in providing health care to the children. Once we have recognized the impact of visual impairment, we may be in a better position to prevent progressing refractive errors.

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Clinical Outcome of Cranial Neuropathy in Patients with Pituitary Apoplexy

  • Woo, Hyun-Jin;Hwang, Jeong-Hyun;Hwang, Sung-Kyoo;Park, Yun-Mook
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2010
  • Objective : Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is described as a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden headache, vomiting, visual impairment, and meningismus caused by rapid enlargement of a pituitary adenoma, We retrospectively analyzed the clinical presentation and surgical outcome in PA presenting with cranial neuropathy. Methods : Twelve cases (33%) of PA were retrospectively reviewed among 359 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma, The study included 6 males and 6 females, Mean age of patients was 49,0 years, with a range of 16 to 74 years, Follow-up duration ranged from 3 to 20 months, with an average of 12 months, All patients were submitted to surgery, using the transsphenoidal approach (TSA). Results : Symptoms included abrupt headache (11/12), decreased visual acuity (12/12), visual field defect (11/12), and cranial nerve palsy of the third (5/12) and sixth (2/12) Mean height of the mass was 29.0 mm (range 15-46) Duration between the ictus and operation ranged from 1 to 15 days (mean 7.0) The symptom duration before operation and the recovery period of cranial neuropathy correlated significantly (p = 0.0286) TSA resulted in improvement of decreased visual acuity in 91.6%, visual field defect in 54.5%, and cranial neuropathy in 100% at 3 months after surgery. Conclusion : PA is a rare event, complicating 3.3% in our series, Even in blindness following pituitary apoplexy cases, improvement of cranial neuropathy is possible if adequate management is initiated in time, Surgical decompression must be considered as soon as possible in cases with severe visual impairment or cranial neuropathy.

Development of Virtual Reality-based Visual Perception and Cognitive Rehabilitation Service

  • Song, YoHan;Kim, JinCheol;Lee, JeongA;Han, Shin;Lim, YoonGyung;Lee, HyunMin
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.67-75
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: Patients with brain damage suffer from limitations in performing the activities of daily living (ADL) because of their motor function and visual perception impairment. The aim of this study was to help improve the motor function and visual perception ability of patients with brain damage by providing them with virtual reality-based contents. The usability results of the patients and specialists group were also evaluated. Methods: The ADL contents consisted of living room, kitchen, veranda, and convenience store, similar to a real home environment, and these were organized by a rehabilitation specialist (e.g., neurologist, physiotherapist, and occupational therapist). The contents consisted of tasks, such as turning on the living room lights, organizing the drawers, organizing the kitchen, watering the plants on the veranda, and buying products at convenience stores. To evaluate the usability of the virtual reality-based visual cognitive rehabilitation service, general elderly subjects (n=11), stroke patients (n=7), stroke patients with visual impairment (n=4), and rehabilitation specialists (n=11) were selected. The questionnaires were distributed to the subjects who were using the service, and the subjective satisfaction of individual users was obtained as data. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software. The general characteristics of the users and the evaluation scores of the experts were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The usability test result of this study showed that the mean value of the questionnaire related to content understanding and difficulty was high, between 4-5 points. Conclusion: The virtual reality rehabilitation service of this study is an efficient service that can improve the function, interest, and motivation of stroke patients.

Construction of Disability Pride that People Having Acquired Visual Impairment Shown in the Japanese TV Drama "Challenged" -From the Viewpoint of Integrating Disability Studies- (융합적 장애학의 시각을 통해 본 중도 시각장애인의 장애 자부심 구축 -일본 TV드라마 "챌린지드"를 중심으로-)

  • Cho, Won-il
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.479-489
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    • 2016
  • This study examines how disability pride of people having acquired visual impairment can be constructed. The theme is explored with the Japanese TV drama "Challenged". The paradigms regarding construction of disability pride and acceptance of disability are fundamentally different. In this context it can be said that a criticism of disability acceptance theory has something with a criticism of medical model of disability. It is main character Hanawa and chairman of teachers, and principal who were noticeable specifically at the point of forming disability pride, and these characters show a common feature that social idealism is embodied in their awareness. Other characters of the drama show a change of their consciousness to social idealism. As a conclusion this study suggests importances of humanistic and social scientific analysis as well as of educational effects achieved by means of drama.

Clothing expenditure, and mediation effect of self-efficacy and moderating effect of disability acceptance in the association between dependency on others and happiness among visually impaired people - Moderated mediating model - (시각장애인의 의복비 지출 현황 조사 및 타인 의존도와 행복의 관계에 미치는 자기효능의 매개효과와 장애 수용의 조절효과 검증 - 조절된 매개모형 분석 -)

  • Minsun, Lee;Hae Rim, Park;Ho Jung, Yang
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.842-860
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    • 2022
  • There has been growing attention on the well-being of people with disabilities. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to investigate the associations between individuals' socio-demographic and psychological characteristics and clothing expenditure, and (2) to examine the moderated mediation effect of self-efficacy and acceptance of disability on the association between dependency on others and happiness among people with visual impairment. This study was based on secondary analysis of data from the second wave of the 6th Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled collected by the Employment Development Institute. The results of this study showed that average monthly expenditure on clothing was positively associated with self-efficacy, happiness, and acceptance of disability, while being negatively associated with dependency on others. The results also confirmed that self-efficacy mediated the association between dependency on others and happiness. A conditional direct effect of dependency on others on happiness was found, in which negative associations were significant among people with visual impairment who had low and mean levels of acceptance of disability (but not high levels). In addition, there was a significant conditional indirect effect, in which the indirect and negative effect of dependency on others on happiness via self-efficacy was significant for those with low and average levels of acceptance of disability. These findings support the importance of enhancing the independence and acceptance of disability among people with visual impairment, which ultimately contributes to their happiness.

Correlation of the Neuropsychological Screening Battery (NSB) and Neuroanatomy for the Parkinson's Disease with Mild Cognitive Impairment by Using the Analysis of Cerebral Cortex Thickness in the Brain MRI (뇌 자기공명영상에서 대뇌 피질 두께 분석법을 이용한 파킨슨병의 경도인지장애 신경심리검사와 신경해부학적 상관관계)

  • Lee, Hyeonyong;Park, Hyonghu;Lee, Jaeseung;Im, Inchul
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.163-170
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    • 2014
  • This study is to investigate neuro-anatomical correlation between neuropsychological results and cerebral cortex thickness of cognitive ability in the brain MRI targeting the patients with mild cognitive impairment. It was that 78 people who were diagnosed as first Parkinson's disease followed by neuropsychological screening battery(Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment: 39 people; Parkinson's disease with normal cognition: 39 people) and 32 people of normal group were selected. Correlation between mild cognitive impairment and normal cognitive impairment and correlation between neuropsychological screening battery and cerebral cortex thickness in the brain MRI were performed by independent sample t-test or Pearson correlation coefficient and then level of significance of collected data was verified in p<0.05. As a result, cerebral cortex thickness of the Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment in both side precuneas and right inferiortemporal lobe had statistically significant decrease. In addition, function of visuospatial ability, verbal and visual memory was reduced in neuropsychological screening battery for cognitive assessment. Especially, there was correlation between neuropsychological screening battery of verbal and visual memory anatomical left precuneus.

Helping People with Visual Disability Using AI

  • Naif Al Otaibi;Tariq S Almurayziq
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.205-208
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    • 2024
  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has evolved rapidly in recent years and is used in everything from banking to email management to surgery, but without the help of the visible, most of the fun features of the Internet include visual impairment. It benefits people with disabilities. The main purpose of this study is to find ways to help people with visual impairments using AI technology. A visually impaired request is made for the visually impaired. For example, when a message arrives that the program will notify you by voice (reads the sender's name, read the message, and replies to it if necessary), this is a special program installed on your mobile phone. This program uses a customized algorithm developed in Python to convert written text to voice, read text, and convert voice to written text on a message when a visually impaired person wants to respond. Then it sends the response in the form of a text message. Therefore, the research should lead to programs for people with visual impairments. This program makes mobile phones easier and more comfortable to use and makes the daily life easier for visual impairments.

Scapular muscle endurance, shoulder pain, and functionality in patients with rotator-cuff-related shoulder pain: a matched, case-control study

  • Ugur Sozlu;Selda Basar;Ulunay Kanatli
    • Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.52-58
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    • 2024
  • Background: Deficiency in scapular muscle endurance (SME) is a risk factor for rotator-cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP). However, the exact relationship among SME, pain, and functionality remains unclear. This study aims to compare SME, pain, and functionality in RCRSP patients to those in age-sex-matched healthy controls. Methods: Twenty-three patients with RCRSP and 23 age-sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. SME was measured using a 1-kg dynamometer. Self-reported pain level was assessed using a visual analog scale. The Functional Impairment Test-Hand, Neck, Shoulder, and Arm (FIT-HaNSA) was also used to assess functional impairment. Results: The control group had higher SME and total FIT-HaNSA scores than the patient group (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant and positive correlation between SME and FIT-HaNSA scores in both groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: SME was affected by RCRSP. Pain and functional impairment were correlated with low SME.

Neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight infants in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan: importance of neonatal intensive care unit graduate follow-up

  • Kono, Yumi
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.64 no.7
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    • pp.313-321
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    • 2021
  • Here we describe the neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (birth weight ≤1,500 g) at 3 years of age in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (NRNJ) database in the past decade and review the methodological issues identified in follow-up studies. The follow-up protocol for children at 3 years of chronological age in the NRNJ consists of physical and comprehensive neurodevelopmental assessments in each participating center. Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI)-moderate to severe neurological disability-is defined as cerebral palsy (CP) with a Gross Motor Function Classification System score ≥2, visual impairment such as uni- or bilateral blindness, hearing impairment requiring hearing amplification, or cognitive impairment with a developmental quotient (DQ) of Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development score <70 or judgment as delayed by pediatricians. We used death or NDI as an unfavorable outcome in all study subjects and NDI in survivors using number of assessed infants as the denominator. Follow-up data were collected from 49% of survivors in the database. Infants with follow-up data had lower birth weights and were of younger gestational age than those without follow-up data. Mortality rates of 40,728 VLBW infants born between 2003 and 2012 were 8.2% before discharge and 0.7% after discharge. The impairment rates in the assessed infants were 7.1% for CP, 1.8% for blindness, 0.9% for hearing impairment, 15.9% for a DQ <70, and 19.1% for NDI. The mortality or NDI rate in all study subjects, including infants without follow-up data, was 17.4%, while that in the subjects with outcome data was 32.5%. The NRNJ follow-up study results suggested that children born with a VLBW remained at high risk of NDI in early childhood. It is important to establish a network follow-up protocol and complete assessments with fewer dropouts to enable clarification of the outcomes of registered infants.

The effect of the visual impairment on the Island Elder (섬지역 노인의 시력장애 요인 실태조사)

  • Kim, Jeong Hee
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2002
  • In order to investigate the situation of ocular disorders involving visual functions of elder in the Island area, the survey was carried out subjective methods on 228 persons(456 eyes) over the of 60. The analysis of data resulted in as follows : 1. Among the total 456 eyes, the ocular disorders was 54.8%. 2. The causes of ocular disorders with visual impairment ; Senile cataract(44.8%), Pterygium(55.2%) 3. Age distribution of cataract showed the sixties 46.4%, the seventies 37.5% and the eighties($80{\leq}$) 16.1%. 4. As to the distribution corrected visual acuity in cataract ; 0.1 below(8.9%). 0.1~0.3(14.3%), 0.4~0.6(36.6%), 0.7 over(40.2%). 5. Age distribution of pterygium showed the sixties 60.9%, the seventies 26.1% and the eighties($80{\leq}$) 13.0%. 6. As to the distribution corrected visual acuity in pterygium ; 0.1 below(5.l%), 0.1~0.3(5.8%), 0.4~0.6(20.3%), 0.7 over(68.8%).

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