• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2002

The objective of this study was to investigate the viscosity of coating colors and ink-jet printing properties with different coating colors with various blending ratios of silica based pigments. The volume of pigments was measured to evaluate the effect of the pigments on the viscosity of coating colors. Contact angle, the change of ink diameter, optical density, and the area and perimeter of a printed let-ter were evaluated to examine the effect of the ink absorption on the ink-jet printing properties. Generally, as the amount of silica pigments Increased the ink-jet printing quality improved. But this caused an increase of the overall coating viscosity.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 1972

The effect on the apparent viscosity of 2 wt. % Veegum suspensions of different types of electrolytes and of different electrolyte concentrations was studied. Measurements were made with a Brookfield Synchro-Lectric Viscometer, using no.3 spindle at 30 R.P.M. at $24^{\circ}C$. As electriolyte concentration increased, the apparant viscosity was observed to increase to a maximum and then to decrease. Changes in viscosity were in general agreement with predicted results based on the Hofmeister sequence and the Schulze-Hardy rule. The observed electrolyte effect on the apparent viscosity was discussed in terms of the Verwey-Overbeek theory.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.725-728
• /
• 2000

The effects of agitation rate and agitation time on the synthesis of sphingosome were studied. As increase in the agitation rates 4,000, 6,000, 8,000, 10,000 and 12,000 rpm the viscosity of sphingosome were decreased. The most sufficient agitation rate was 8,000rpm for which micell viscosity and stability. The effect of agitation time on the sphingosome viscosity and stability was investigated by changing the agitation times 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 minute at 8,000rpm. 4 minute was the most sufficient for the viscosity and stability. The sphingolipid activity of cutaneous wound healing in impaired mice was examined. As a result, we could prove that phytosphingosine-HCl medically worked on wound healing well. For the phytosphingosine-HCl, it was found that the experimentally determined medical action more effective than that of tetra-acetylphytosphingosine.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.56-60
• /
• 2015

Discontinuous, polycrystalline $Al_2O_3$-dispersed TZP fibers were prepared by the centrifugal spinning of a colloidal $ZrO_2$ sol containing Y and Al nitrates and poly(vinyl alcohol). Factors affecting the rheological properties of the sols, such as sol concentrations, aging, and the amounts and types of additives, were investigated by measuring the shear viscosities. The flow characteristics of the sols were studied in relation to the spinnability by measuring the viscosity with respect to the shear rate. The spinnability was obtained through the addition of a polymer which increases the viscosity to a range of optimum viscosity values for spinning. Aging the sols containing the additives did not noticeably change the sol viscosities at room temperature up to 30 days. The flow behavior of the spinnable sols progressively changed from nearly Newtonian to pseudoplastic with an increase in the sol concentration.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.91-98
• /
• 1985

Dependence of the flow behavior of aqueous suspension of Young-Il bentonite on the concentration and the type of electrolytes was studied. Viscosity measurements were made was Rion Viscotester, using No. 3 rotor at 62.5 R. P. M. at 25.deg.C. As electrolyte concentration increased, the apparent viscosity was observed to increase. Changes in viscosity were in general agreement with predicted results based on the Hofmeister sequence and the Schulze-Hardy rule. The observed electrolyte effect on the apparent viscosity was discussed in terms of the Verwey-Overbeek theory.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2011

Curtain coating has been considered as the best coating technology because it is a coating technology that forms contour coating layer with better coverage. To increase the curtain stability surfactants are being used. In this study, the effect of a surfactant on the stability of curtain coating colors was examined by evaluating dynamic surface tension with a bubble surface tensiometer. Di-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate was used as a surfactant since it showed low dynamic surface tension at low surface age. And we evaluated the influence of surfactant on coating color properties including surface tension, viscosity and curtain stability. The surface tension of coating color was decreased when surfactant addition was increased up to 0.5 pph, but it was leveled off at 0.3 pph of surfactant addition. With the increase of surfactant addition rate, viscosity of coating color were increased. Micelles formed by surfactant contributed to the increase of the viscosity. Curtain stability was improved with the addition of surfactant until it reached up to 0.5 pph. Excessive addition of surfactant (> 0.5 pph) didn't improve curtain stability. This was attributed to Marangoni effect(self-healing) and decreasing of curtain thickness.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.631-640
• /
• 2014

In this study, manufactured a cream soup by varying addition of Hericium erinaceus and decided its recipe, and conducted particle size analysis, calorimetry, sensory test for investigating physicochemical characteristics and quality characteristics (salinity, sugar content, color value, pH, viscosity), antioxidant activities of soup, and mechanical sensory test for objectivity. This study found that moisture content in Hericium erinaceus powder was 6.16%, crude protein 26.87%, crude fat 4.62% and crude ash was 10.75% respectively. No significant differences were found in salinity, sugar content, pH according to addition of Hericium erinaceus. As for color value of cream soup manufactured by adding Hericium erinaceus, L value decreased with increase in addition of Hericium erinaceus, whereas a value and b value increased. The more the addition of Hericium erinaceus, the higher the viscosity, which increases concentration of soup. As result of analysis on antioxidant activities of Hericium erinaceus cream soup, antioxidant activities increased with increase in addition of Hericium erinaceus. Particle size analysis showed results similar to that of viscometry, which means that the smaller the particle size, the higher the viscosity, whereas viscosity lowered vice versa. Calorie of cream soup showed no significant difference notwithstanding the amount of addition. As a result of sensory test, S5 with 5% of Hericium erinaceus powder was highest rated in color, flavor, taste, umami taste and overall preference. As a result of mechanical sensory test, umami taste increased with increase in addition of Hericium erinaceus powder, whereas bitterness taste lowered significantly (p<0.05) with addition of Hericium erinaceus. As for salty taste, both control group and experimental group that added Hericium erinaceus powder showed no significant difference. Accordingly, experimental group with 5% of Hericium erinaceus powder was proved to be the most desirable.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.15 no.2 s.28
• /
• pp.212-232
• /
• 1994

I selected the theory of blood stasis and wetness-phlegm among the major 4 causes of Joong Poong(C.V.A.)(wind. fire. deficiency of vital energy and wetness-phlegm) and recent etiology of blood stasis. An experimental studies were done to investigate the effects of Danggieum (removing blood stasis and promoting blood circulation) and Ijintang(dissipating wetness-phlegm) on thrombosis and elevated blood viscosity. The results were as follows; 1. The number of platelets were significantly increased in only Danggieum group. 2. Related to the amount of fibrinogen. only Danggieum group revealed some increase. but both groups revealed no significance. 3. Related to the prothrombin time. Danggieum and Ijintang groups had significant decrease. but Danggieum group revealed more significance. 4. Related to the degree of concentration of FDP, only Danggieum group had significant decrease. 5. Whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity in lower shear rates. both groups of Danggieum and Ijintang had significant decrease. 6. Related to the amount of RBC. both groups of Danggieum and Ijintang had significant decrease. 7. Related to the change of hematocrit. only Danggieum group, and the change of hemoglobin. only Ijintang group had significant decrease. 8. Related to the change of body temperature. only Ijintang group had significant raise. 9. Related to the changes of WBC. glucose, albumin, total protein and body weight. Danggieum and Ijintang groups had each increase or decrease. but no significance. According to the above results, Danggieum had more significant effect than Ijintang on the thrombosis. and Ijintang had more significant effect than Danggieum on the elevated blood viscosity. And it is considered that it might be more effective in treating Joong-Poong(C.V.A) to take medicines regarding patient's constitution and symptoms as well as the causes of Joong-Poong(C.V.A)

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.18 no.9
• /
• pp.922-928
• /
• 1997

The conformational transition of poly(L-proline) (PLP), Form Ⅱ → Form Ⅰ and the intermolecular aggregation of the product, Form Ⅰ, during and after the transition in water-propanol (1:7, 1:9, 1:15.7, and 1:29 v/v) were studied. For the study, the viscosity change and excess light scattering intensity were measured in the course of the transition which was determined by the Form Ⅰ fraction, fI of the sample solution. For the PLP sample of molecular weight Mv=31,000 the experimental results show that the reaction course is roughly divided into three regions: in the first region [fI=0.27 to 0.40 (- [α]D=400 to 330)], the conformational change of Form Ⅱ → Form Ⅰ occurs with decrease of viscosity, in the second region [fI=0.40 to 0.80 (- [α]D=330 to 120)], a partial side-by-side (p-S-S) type aggregation in which Form Ⅰ blocks interact with each other, which induces the increase of viscosity, starts to occur, and in the third region [fI=0.80 to 1.00 (- [α]D=120 to 15)], a side-by-side type (raft like) aggregation of Form Ⅰ or an end-to-end (E-E) type aggregation occurs according to the solvent situation, i.e., in a water-rich medium [water-propanol (1:9 or 1:7 v/v)], the (S-S) type aggregation with a gross decrease in viscosity occurs while in a water-poor medium [water-propanol (1:29 or 1:15.7 v/v), the (E-E) type aggregation with a large increase in viscosity occurs. The (S-S) type aggregation was promoted at high temperatures. Based on the structure of PLP, a reasonable mechanism for the (p-S-S) and (S-S) aggregation which occurs with the transition of Form Ⅱ → Form Ⅰ is considered. The suggested mechanism was also supported by the result of chain length effect of PLP for the aggregation.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.336-342
• /
• 2009

We measured shear viscosity of polystyrene (PS) and poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) particles, with a capillary rheometer, prepared by suspension polymerization with 1.0 wt% hydrophobic silica as a stabilizer by varying the initiator concentration at $75^{\circ}C$. PS particles with weight average molecular weight of 66,500 g/mol displayed a Newtonian behaior at low shear rates at $190^{\circ}C$. With increasing molecular weight, PS particles showed shear thinning over the entire range of shear rates. For PBMA particles, steady shear measurement was carried out at $170^{\circ}C$. PBMA particles with weight average molecular weight of 156,700 g/mol showed a Newtonian behaior only at low shear rates. PBMA particles also showed shear thinning with an increase in molecular weight and its pattern similar to that of PS. When carbon black was incorporated into PS and PBMA polymers, steady shear measurement was conducted at $170^{\circ}C$. An increase in carbon black concentration in PS and PBMA composite particles exhibited a progressive increase in shear viscosity. The increase in shear viscosity, however, was less pronounced compared to an increase as a function of molecular weight. Preparing PS composites containing carbon black by internal mixing resulted in an increase in shear viscosity. Its increase, however, was found to be less than that shown in PS composite particles. We speculate that this is caused by an enhanced dispersion of carbon black particles with an internal mixer. Yield behavior was not observed in any of the samples we selected in this experiment.