• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.371-377
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate effect of driver's cognitive distraction on driver's physiological state and driving performance, and then to determine parameters appropriate for detecting the cognitive distraction. Background: Driver distraction is a major cause of traffic accidents and poses a serious threat to traffic safety due to ever increasing use of in-vehicle information systems and mobile phones during driving. Cognitive distraction, among four different types of distractions, prevents a driver from processing traffic information correctly and adapting to change in surround vehicle behavior in time. However, the cognitive distraction is more difficult to detect because it normally does not involve significant change in driver behavior. Method: A full-scale driving simulator was used to create virtual driving environment and situations. Participants in the experiment drove the driving simulator in three different conditions: attentive driving with no secondary task, driving and conducting secondary task of adding numbers, and driving and conducting secondary task of conversing with an experimenter. Parameters related with driver's physiological state and driving performance were measured and analyzed for their change. Results: The experiment results show that driver's cognitive distraction, induced by secondary task of addition and conversation during driving, increased driver's cognitive workload, and indeed brought change in driver's physiological state and degraded driving performance. Conclusion: The galvanic skin response, pupil size, steering reversal rate, and driver reaction time are shown to be statistically significant for detecting cognitive distraction. The appropriate combination of these parameters will be used to detect the cognitive distraction and estimate risk of traffic accidents in real-time for a driver distraction warning system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2747-2752
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• 2003

This paper has develops a new framework to understand the human’s driving maneuver based on the expression as HDS focusing on the driver’s stopping maneuver. The driving data has been collected by using the three-dimensional driving simulator based on CAVE, which provides three-dimensional visual information. In our modeling, the relationship between the measured information such as distance to the stop line, its first and second derivatives and the braking amount has been expressed by the PWPS model, which is a class of HDS. The key idea to solve the identification problem was to formulate the problem as the MILP with replacing the switching conditions by binary variables. From the obtained results, it is found that the driver appropriately switches the ‘control law’ according to the following scenario: At the beginning of the stopping behavior (just after finding the stopping point), the driver decelerate the vehicle based on the acceleration information, and then switch to the control law based on the distance to the stop line.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

PURPOSES: This study analyzes feasibility for application white pavement markings in the roadways with median barrier. METHODS : By reviewing numerous relevant laws, standards, and operational cases, the white pavement markings' excellence was demonstrated. Driver's behavior was analyzed through a virtual driving experiment using driving simulator and field tests. RESULTS:First, white pavement markings are superior to yellow pavement markings in terms of visibility, economics, and safety. Second, as a result of virtual driving experiment, the color of line in the roadway with median barrier didn't affect the driver's behavior such as the average vehicle speed, the distance bias in the lane and the separation distance from the centerline. Third, field test demonstrated that the driver tended to recognize the median barrier as an obstacle. In addition, the central driving ratio in the lane was increased due to improving the visibility of line at night in case of the white pavement markings. CONCLUSIONS : The application of white pavement markings in the roadways with median barrier can enhance traffic safety by improving the visibility of line at night.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2012

The steady three-dimensional numerical analysis on the thermal flow using standard k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model was carried out to investigate the air cooling effect of a cooler on the cabin for a commercial vehicle. Here, the heat exchanging method of this cabin cooler uses the cooling effect of a thermoelectric module. In consequence, the air system resistance of a cooler within the cabin is about 12.1 Pa as a static pressure, and then the operating point of a virtual cross-flow fan considering in this study is formed in the comparatively low flowrate region. The discharging air temperature of a cooler is about $14{\sim}15^{\circ}C$. Moreover, the air cooling temperature difference obtained under the outdoor cabin temperature of $40^{\circ}C$ shows about $7{\sim}9^{\circ}C$ in a driver resting space and about $9{\sim}14^{\circ}C$ in the front of a driver's seat including the space of a driver's foot.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.617-622
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• 2018

자동차, 반도체, 플랜트 등 다양한 산업현장에서 PLC(Programmable Logic Controller) 기반으로 생산자동화 시스템을 제어하여 제품 양산이 이루어지고 있다. 이에 따라 산업현장에서는 PLC를 능숙하게 사용할 수 있는 전문 인력과 PLC 교육을 위한 교육 플랫폼이 필요하다. 기존에 개발된 교육 플랫폼들의 경우 PLC를 기반으로 하여 다양한 액추에이터와 센서를 제어할 수 있다. 하지만 화면상 나타나는 생산자동화 시스템이 화면에 2D로만 나타나 현실성이 결여되기 때문에 학습 시 정확한 이해가 힘들다는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 보완하여 가상현실에서 학습이 가능한 교육용 V-Factory 시스템을 제안한다. 개발한 V-Factory 시스템은 가상 I/O 드라이버를 도입하여 다양한 종류의 센서 및 액추에이터를 제어할 수 있고, 가상현실에서 가시화된 생산자동화 시스템이 구동되는 모습을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 HMD(Head Mounted Display)를 사용하여 현실적인 PLC 시뮬레이션이 가능하다. 개발한 V-Factory 시스템을 통해 가상현실에서 효과적인 PLC 학습이 이루어질 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1061-1067
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a simulator for testing of the Navigation Control System(NCS) in Bimodal-tram. NCS uses values of all sorts of sensors installed in vehicle to decide current position, and to control speed and steering of vehicle to go to a next position. Major functions of simulator are input processing of the driver and generation of virtual sensor data and driving profile(navigation path, magnetic information), and the NCS function. Virtual sensor data is generated according to output data from the NCS, driving profile and input processing of the driver, and monitoring systems is operated separatedly to confirm of NCS operation. This paper discusses about the implementation of the simulator, and analyzes and evaluates the simulation results.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제21권B호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2001

In this study, a driver model based on the lead-lag controller for stable maneuver of a highly nonlinear, multi-dimensional, numerically stiff multibody vehicle model according to the various handling test requirements such as steady-state cornering, double lange change, etc. is presented The lead-lag controller is developed with lead and lag compensation. which use the transfer function with cross-over frequency by frequency response method. The proposed driver model is applied to a vehicle model in steady-state and slalom maneuver to verify its effectiveness and validity. The results show that the proposed path control strategy is excellent both in pursuing the desired course and stability of the vehicle.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1038-1047
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• 2013

Augmented reality (AR) is currently being applied actively to commercial products, and various types of intelligent AR systems combining both the Global Positioning System and computer-vision technologies are being developed and commercialized. This paper suggests an in-vehicle head-up display (HUD) system that is combined with AR technology. The proposed system recognizes driving-safety information and offers it to the driver. Unlike existing HUD systems, the system displays information registered to the driver's view and is developed for the robust recognition of obstacles under bad weather conditions. The system is composed of four modules: a ground obstacle detection module, an object decision module, an object recognition module, and a display module. The recognition ratio of the driving-safety information obtained by the proposed AR-HUD system is about 73%, and the system has a recognition speed of about 15 fps for both vehicles and pedestrians.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.571-577
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• 2021

본 연구는 기존의 엔진 없이 전기로 운행되는 자동차에 가상의 엔진소리를 구현해주는 반도체 에 관한 연구로, 운전자의 욕구 및 보행자의 안전을 지키기 위해 Adaptive Difference PCM(ADPCM) 방식과 Frequency modulation 방식을 조합하여 생생한 엔진음을 구현하였다. 또한 미디를 응용하는 전자음 합성 알고리즘을 제안하여 엔진음 합성방법, 엔진음 발생 시스템의 구성 모델을 제시한다. 본 연구는 운전자와 보행자를 모두 만족시키기 위해 캔 통신을 이용하여 운전자의 운전 습관에 따라 전해지는 엔진회전량, 차량 속도, 가속 페달 눌림 량, 토크 등의 정보를 받은 후, 미리 설정된 적절한 파라미터에 따라 주파수 변조를 위한 인터폴레이션, 정보량 축소를 위하 ADPCM 알고리즘, 엔진음을 쉽게 만들기 위한 미디 포맷을 이용하여 시스템과 운전자의 의도를 정확히 반영할 수 있는 인터렉션 알고리즘을 구현하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.635-645
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• 2003

가격 대 성능비가 좋다는 장점으로 인해 많이 사용되고 있는 클러스터 병렬 컴퓨터 시스템에서는 여러 노드에 산재해 있는 자원들을 사용자들이 투명하게 사용할 수 있도록 지원하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 클러스터 시스템에서 단일 디스크 입출력 공간을 지원하는 효율적인 디스크 공유 기법을 제안한다. 응용 수준이 아닌 운영 체제 내의 블록 장치 드라이버 수준에서 디스크 공유를 지원함으로써 사용자들은 로컬 및 원격 디스크를 구분할 필요 없이 클러스터 시스템 내의 모든 디스크들을 마치 로컬 디스크 인 것처럼 투명하게 사용할 수 있다. 기반 운영체제로는 리눅스를 사용하였으며, 실험 결과 단일 디스크 입출력 공간을 성공적으로 지원함과 동시에 비교적 단순한 전역 캐쉬 일관성 정책을 사용했음에도 성능 면에서 NFS에 비해 읽기 성능은 유사, 쓰기 성능은 월등히 향상됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 논문이 기여하는 바는 블록 장치 드라이버 수준에서 단일 디스크 입출력 공간을 지원하는 기법을 제안함으로써 블록 장치 드라이버에 비해 비교적 구현이 쉬운 기타 입출력 장치 드라이버에 대해서도 유사한 방식으로 단일 입출력 공간을 지원할 수 있도록 도움을 줄 수 있다는 점이다.