• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1218-1228
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• 2016

This paper proposes a robot hand for a violin-playing robot and introduces a newly developed robot finger. The proposed robot hand acts as the left hand of the violin-playing robot system. The violin fingering plays an important role in determining the tone or sound when the violin is being played. Among the diverse types of violin fingering playing, it is not possible to produce vibrato with simple position control. Therefore, we newly designed a three-axis load cell for force control, which is mounted at the end of the robot finger. Noise is calculated through an analysis of the resistance difference across the strain gauge attached to the proposed three-axis load cell. In order to ensure the stability of the three-axis load cell by analyzing the stress distribution, the strain generated in the load cell is also verified through a finite element analysis. A sound rating quality system previously developed by the authors is used to compare and analyze the sound quality of the fourth-octave C-note played by a human violinist and the proposed robot finger.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1999

This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between basic physical properties and acoustical characteristics of imported violin wood and to offer the information on raw material procurement and incoming-material quality control to domestic violin makers which have purchased most raw materials from European exporting countries at high expense. Equilibrium moisture content of European spruce with lower specific gravity after the prolonged storage was rather higher than that of European maple with higher specific gravity. The specific gravity of spruce increased with decreasing annual ring width, however, that of narrower annual ring. Increasement in specific gravity enhanced the dynamic Young's modulus of both wood species, but influenced the vibration energy loss by internal friction differently between two species. For dynamic MOE, qurater-sawn spruce was higher than the flat-sawn, but maple showed the reverse directional characteristics. Consequently, it would be well for violin makers to establish the standard for materials and quality control system to assure the quality of their violin products.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2378-2387
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• 2017

Violinists learn to make better sounds by hearing and evaluating their own playing though numerous practice. This study proposes a new method of auditory feedback, which mimics this violinists' step and verifies its efficiency using experiments. Making the desired sound quality of a violin is difficult without auditory feedback even though an expert violinist plays. An algorithm for controlling a robot arm of violin playing robot is determined based on correlations with bowing speed, bowing force, and sound point that determine the sound quality of a violin. The bowing speed is estimated by the control command of the robot arm, where the bowing force and the sound point are recognized by using a two-axis load cell and a photo interrupter, respectively. To improve the sound quality of a violin playing robot, the sounds information is obtained by auditory feedback system applied Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) to the sounds from a violin. This study suggests Gaussian-Harmonic-Quality (GHQ) uses sounds' clarity, accuracy, and harmonic structure in order to decide sound quality, objectively. Through the experiments, the auditory feedback system improved the performance quality by the robot accordingly, changing the bowing speed, bowing force, and sound point and determining the quality of robot sounds by GHQ sound quality evaluation system.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 키넥트의 3차원 영상정보를 이용하여 종이 바이올린 지판과 손가락 끝점을 검출하고 활 움직임을 판정한 뒤, 이 정보를 이용하여 가상 바이올린을 구현하는 방법을 제안한다. 키넥트의 컬러영상과 깊이영상을 이용하여 먼저 바이올린 지판을 식별하고 손가락 끝점을 검출한 뒤 지판 정보와 사용자의 지판 누름 여부를 판정하기 위한 지판의 깊이 정보를 검출한다. 운지와 활 움직임 정보에서 음이름을 판정하여 PC MIDI 인터페이스를 통해 가상 바이올린 연주 시스템을 구현하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법을 이용하여 가상 바이올린 성능평가를 수행한 결과 높은 검출 정확도를 보였다. 구현된 가상 바이올린 기능을 활용하여 바이올린 연주 입력장치를 구현함으로써 PC기반 바이올린 연주시스템 구현의 편리성을 보였으며 악기 초보자가 PC 기반 바이올린 연주 학습에 사용자 인터페이스로 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2005

European maple is famous for the optimum solid wood for making bridge which is the most important part in violin acoustics. This study was carried out to investigate the variation of main features, i. e. annual ring width and cutting direction of costly imported violin bridge blanks and to examine the effect of these features of the blanks on the vibrational characteristics of bridge blanks. Imported violin bridge blanks had somewhat large variation in major macroscopical and physical properties and there was little relationship between annual ring density and weight of maple blanks. Resonant frequency of violin bridge blanks had some positive correlation with weight, however, damping having negative relationship with frequency was seldom affected by any physical properties of the maple blanks. Deviation from the radial cutting of tail side(ray direction from top toward feet on the edge of bridge blank) lowered the resonant frequency. Consequently, weight and ray direction should be taken for the critical quality decisive factors(QDF) of incoming bridge blanks by not only inspectors also luthiers who tune the bridge by shaping and are responsible for the final timbre quality of this complicate instrument.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.550-555
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• 2009

바이올린은 아름다운 음색과 풍부한 표현력으로 현악기 가운데 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 그러나 바이올린 연주를 처음 시작하는 초보자들에게는 정확한 연주를 하기가 쉽지 않다. 이는 연주 시 활의 힘과 활을 켜는 속력 그리고 활과 현과의 접촉점 및 현을 집는 손가락 위치의 부정성에서 기인된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이 점을 해결하기 위해 전문 바이올리니스트의 운궁법에 대한 데이터베이스를 사전 구축하고, 연주자가 실제 바이올린을 켤 때 얻어지는 데이터를 구축된 데이터베이스와 실시간으로 비교하고 그 결과를 퍼지 Logic을 사용한 성능평가함수로 성능평가를 한 후 Monitor상에 결과를 보이도록 하였다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2001

Violin bridge blank cut from maple wood with good quality has typical pattern of the radial direction in the side edge with minimal dispersion. This experimental study was designed and carried out to examine the effect of the physical and macroscopical characteristics on the compressive creep of violin bridge blank which had been imported from European manufacturer. This research arose from the idea that the maple solid wood with heterogeneous wood density and ray direction in the side edge would have uneven rheological property of violin bridge blank which is supposed to be pressed by the tension of strings. Experimentally, the compressive creep of bridge blank became smaller with the higher density of imported maple wood and showed clear density-dependence for the duration of load under the string tension of 5 kgf. Every bridge blank showed the behavior of primary creep stage(stress stabilization) having logarithmic regression creep curve with high correlation coefficient under the designed stress level. Even though the relationship between compressive creep and ray direction on the side edge of bridge was not so clear contrary to expectation, we could conclude that wood density and ray direction should be the quality decisive factors affecting the acoustical characteristics and performance of the bridge, the core member of violin-family bow instruments.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1984년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.20-23
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• 1984

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2014년도 제49차 동계학술대회논문집 22권1호
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• pp.245-246
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 외장 전자 바이올린과 PC기반 자율학습 프로그램을 이용한 바이올린 연주 자율학습 방법을 제안한다. 외장 전자바이올린은 ATmega128 마이크로컨트롤러, 버튼, 그리고 전선으로 운지, 현과 활을 구현하였고, 블루투스 무선통신으로 PC와 데이터통신을 수행한다. PC 프로그램은 외장 전자바이올린의 연주정보를 수신하고 MIDI를 이용하여 바이올린 소리를 출력한다. 그리고 바이올린 연주에 필요한 정보를 화면에 출력하고 연주 오류 여부를 제시함으로써 저학년 학생이 바이올린 자율학습하는데 어려움 없이 이용할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2000

일반적으로 도막의 강성은 목재의 강성에 비해 낮으므로 도장된 소재의 강성이 백골재에 비해 낮아질 것으로 짐작할 수 있으므로 본 연구에서 는 바이올린용 소재 인 유럽산 가문비 나무와 단풍나무에 투명 래커와 전통옻칠을 도포한 후, 진동모드를 해석하고 공진주파수를 비교함으로써 수종별 도료 종류에 따른 음향특성의 변화양상을 분석하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 도장전후의 기본진동모드는 동일하였고 양 수종 공히 도료의 종류에 관계없이 도장재의 공진주파수의 감소가 확인되었으며 가문비나무의 경우, 모드가 증가할수록 주파수 감소폭이 증가하였으나 옻칠이 투명래커에 비해 그 감소폭이 적었다. 단풍나무의 경우에도 상위 모드에서 더 큰 주파수 감소를 나타냈지만 옻칠과 투명래커의 주파수 감소폭이 일정치 않았다.