• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.2075-2092
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• 2017

Person re-identification is to match pedestrians observed from non-overlapping camera views. It has important applications in video surveillance such as person retrieval, person tracking, and activity analysis. However, it is a very challenging problem due to illumination, pose and viewpoint variations between non-overlapping camera views. In this work, we propose a viewpoint invariant method for matching pedestrian images using orientation of pedestrian. First, the proposed method divides a pedestrian image into patches and assigns angle to a patch using the orientation of the pedestrian under the assumption that a person body has the cylindrical shape. The difference between angles are then used to compute the similarity between patches. We applied the proposed method to real-time global multi-object tracking across multiple disjoint cameras with non-overlapping field of views. Re-identification algorithm makes global trajectories by connecting local trajectories obtained by different local trackers. The effectiveness of the viewpoint invariant method for person re-identification was validated on the VIPeR dataset. In addition, we demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach for the inter-camera multiple object tracking on the MCT dataset with ground truth data for local tracking.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.4108-4125
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• 2015

This paper presents a scalable coding method for depth images by considering the quality of synthesized images in virtual views. First, we design a new edge detection algorithm that is based on calculating the depth difference between two neighboring pixels within the depth map. By choosing different thresholds, this algorithm generates a scalable bit stream that puts larger depth differences in front, followed by smaller depth differences. A scalable scheme is also designed for coding depth pixels through a layered sampling structure. At the receiver side, the full-resolution depth image is reconstructed from the received bits by solving a partial-differential-equation (PDE). Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the rate-distortion performance of synthesized images at virtual views and achieves better visual quality.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.743-752
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of scientifically gifted students' views on the nature of science. A multiple-choice format questionnaire was administered to 237 Korean 10th, 11th and 12th graders at the Korea Science Academy. The differences and similarities by gender and experience of R&E program on the students' views of the nature of science were investigated. The questionnaire developed by Lim(2004) was implemented for this investigation. We found that the majority of scientifically gifted students had highly possessed the tentativeness of scientific knowledge. The students who experienced R&E program have relatively high apprehension of scientists' motivation for researches and activities in social context compared to the students who did not experience an R&E program. Scientifically gifted students had relatively high apprehension that government should not control researches of scientists and relatively low apprehension of social responsibilities of scientists comparing to general high school students. The experience on R&E program was identified as a factor to effect changes in the students' views on the nature of science. The study has implications for the development of gifted program and curriculum such as running and assessing R&E program, and also the pre-service preparation of science teacher, teacher education reformat in both the practical and the policy levels.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.553-568
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• 2013

Although many researchers and science educators agree that understanding of the nature of science is essential in order for students to be a scientific literate person, it is not easy to compromise exactly what kind of understanding of the nature of science is required to achieve this goal (Smith & Scharmann, 1999). This study discusses a theoretical background about the nature of science (NOS) including some consensus views of the NOS that several important U.S. educational reform documents and science researchers have presented over the past several decades. Finally, this study proposes an inclusive framework of the nature of science based on the four categories of scientific literacy, which are (1) science as a body of knowledge, (2) science as a way of investigating, (3) science as a way of thinking, and (4) the interaction of science, technology, and society. Each category of the framework includes several statements about the nature of science to describe each theme of the NOS. This framework is comprehensive and inclusive because it is suggested by examining several major U.S. national-level documents and in the publications of science education researchers presented about the nature of science. Significantly, many of the key ideas were added into category (4) and category (3), which indicates that the current literature stresses the relationship among science, technology, and society as well as the work of scientists.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.43-50
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze university students' views on STS(science-technology-society) literacy. We divided definition and interaction of science, technology and society in the views' category about STS literacy. Research object was three universities' students(engineering department: 119 and social science department: 117) in Seoul and Jeju. Research result was following. First, students from engineering department valued convenience of life in the definition of science and technology. Students from social science department valued explanation of phenomenon and experiment in the definition of science and technology. Second, two groups perceived inter-relationship of science, technology and society. Third, two groups had different opinions about responsibility and ethics of scientific technician and technical use. As a result of this study, students perceived highly about STS literacy. Therefore, the result of this study will provide important implication for establishing and operating subjects about STS literacy in university curriculum.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.349-362
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• 1995

As science programs emphasize an understanding of the nature of science, it is needed to assess students' views on a wide range of science-technology-society topics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the views of high school students about some selected topics of the epistemology of science. The selected topics include the meaning of science, scientific assumptions, values in science, conceptual inventions in science, scientific method, consensus making in science, and characteristics of the knowledge produced in science. Identified preconceptions in the study are as follows: Science was seen as improving the world(20%), and technology was defined as the application of science(35%). Almost half of the sample(49%) subscribed to a view consistent with a creationist posture and large group of students(46%) expressed a purely ontological view. Only minority of the students(5%) discounted the role played by private science values, but one half of the sample denied the fact that gender-related values can influence the knowledge that scientist construct(53%). Only a small potion of the sample(5%) held a view contrasting to contemporary epistemology of science, but the majority(67%) expressed a simplistic hierarchical relationship in which hypotheses become theories and theories become laws. One third of the students(33%) held a preconception that the scientific method composed of questioning, hypothesizing, collecting data, and concluding. Students did not appreciate the role of consensus making in science(33%). An out-dated epistemic perspective describes the progress of science as simply an accumulation of knowledge(4%). In general, it was concluded that most high school students did not hold efficient understanding on the nature of science. It can be said that no adequate and consistent instruction took place to provide students with an authentic view of the nature of science.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.798-812
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate beginning teachers' views of scientific inquiry envisioned in science education reform, which is the main goal of science education at schools. Teachers' views about scientific inquiry influence their students' learning in the classroom, so it is significant to investigate teachers' views about the scientific inquiry. 126 beginning science teachers participated in this study. The survey asking teachers' view of general scientific inquiry, nature of science (NOS) and the relationship of science, technology, and society (STS), was developed and implemented for 30 minutes. Alternative views of scientific inquiry including NOS and STS were emerged through data analysis with open coding system. The reliability and validity of data collection and data analysis were constructed through the discussion with experts in science education. The results of this study were as follows. Participants defined scientific inquiry as opportunities of 'Hands-On' and 'Minds-On' or its combination rather than 'Hearts-On'. However, teachers demonstrated the view of 'Hands-On' for the purpose of scientific inquiry and for teachers' roles in its implementation. The view of 'Hearts-On' about scientific inquiry was not identified. The naive view of NOS were identified more than informative one. More positive attitude about the relationship of STS was released. The implication was made in teacher education, especially structured induction program for beginning teachers.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1143-1157
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to develop HS-VOSTS(High School Students' Views On Science-Technology-Society), which is an instrument that monitors high school students' views on STS. For this study, 23 multiple-choice items were developed on four categories. First, a categorial scheme was constructed. The categorial scheme was based on many instruments that evaluate students' understanding on STS, literature review, and STS learning goal that many researchers had asserted. Second, the multiple-choice items were developed. The development of the items was carried out through four steps. In the first step, some pairs of statement on each subordinate category were formed. Next, the student statement questionaries which were based on the pairs of statement were responded by 772 students. In the second step, the response written by the students were analyzed to common viewpoints and the first multiple-choice items were constructed. In the third step, the semistructured interview with 28 high school students was implemented and the second multiple-choice items were constructed. In the fourth step, the final version of the instrument was developed through the analysis of the students' response on the second multiple-choice items. HS-VOSTS is an useful instrument for monitoring students' beliefs and viewpoints on STS topics. The results of the students' responses to HS-VOSTS items reflect the students' own thoughts directly. These results will give some implications for the curriculum developers, the authors of text books and the educational policy makers as well as the teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2017

This study carried out and analyzed survey data on captains and mates of Korean coastal large trawlers in order to examine factors affecting body abnormalities and fatigue on bridge teams from work and environment at bridges of trawlers. The summarized result may be summed up as follows: multiple regression analysis with body pain and fatigue as dependent variables yields t-values of -2.559 (p<0.05) and -3.928 (p<0.05) respectively. From the result, environment at bridges (views, spaces and exhaust) were negative factors in affecting bridge workers' pain and fatigue. Thus, it is determined to secure available spaces to improve the workers' views through windows in front of, besides and rear bridge and create more pleasant atmospheric environment at bridge.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.79-100
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• 2018

Twitter is one of the most popular social platforms for online users to share trendy information and views on any event. Twitter reports an event faster than any other medium and contains enormous information and views regarding an event. Consequently, Twitter topic summarization is one of the most convenient ways to get instant gist of any event. However, the information shared on Twitter is often full of nonstandard abbreviations, acronyms, out of vocabulary (OOV) words and with grammatical mistakes which create challenges to find reliable and useful information related to any event. Undoubtedly, Twitter event summarization is a challenging task where traditional text summarization methods do not work well. In last decade, various research works introduced different approaches for automatic Twitter topic summarization. The main aim of this survey work is to make a broad overview of promising summarization approaches on a Twitter topic. We also focus on automatic evaluation of summarization techniques by surveying recent evaluation methodologies. At the end of the survey, we emphasize on both current and future research challenges in this domain through a level of depth analysis of the most recent summarization approaches.