• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.34-45
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• 2012

In this paper, we proposed and modeled a video contents protection system based on the infectious information hiding(IIH) technique as using characteristics of biological viruses. Our proposed IIH System considered the requisite important information for video contents protection as the infectious virus, and suggested a new paradigm about video contents protection that transmitted infectious information from contents(host) or video CODECs(viral vector). Also, we modeled the Pathogen, Mutant and Contagion virus as the infectious information and defined technical tools about verification of infectious information, kernel based IIH, contents based IIH and creation/regeneration of infectious information as main techniques for our IIH system. Finally, through simulations that carried the infectious information by using conventional information hiding algorithms as kernel based and contents based IIH techniques, we verified possibilities of our proposed IIH system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.21-27
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• 2002

The digital watermarking methods have been proposed as a solution for solving the illegal copying and proof of ownership problems in the context of multimedia data. But it is still difficult to have been overcame the problem of the protection of property to multimedia data, such as digital images, digital video, and digital audio. This paper describes a watermarking algorithm that embeds non-linearly audio logo watermark data which is converted from audio signal of the ownership in the components of pixel intensities in an original image and that insists of ownership by hearing the audio signal transformed from the extracted audio logo through the speaker. Experimental results show that our algorithm using audio logo proposed in this paper is robust against attacks such as particularly lossy JPEG image compression. 

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.582-593
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• 2010

Recently the commercial value of GIS(geographic information system) has been increased with growing application demands of spatial information in life space. Also, GIS has been expanded to the integrated information system that provides the ease access to map information by public users and also the combined service of GIS map data and various multimedia contents. But several security problems of GIS map data have brought up at GIS industries, such as the illegal copy and distribution of GIS map data. Furthermore, the copyright protection of GIS map data has not been researched yet compared with image and video contents. This paper presents a polyline based watermarking scheme for the copyright protection of GIS vector map. The proposed scheme analyzes the structure of vector map and embeds adaptively the watermark by using the distance distribution of polyline components. From experimental results, we verified that the proposed scheme satisfies the invisibility and the robustness of geometrical attacks.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.1112-1119
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• 1999

Digital watermarking is to embed imperceptible mark into image, video, audio and text data to prevent the illegal copy of multimedia data, arbitrary modification, and also illegal sales of the copes without agreement of copyright ownership. The DCT(discrete Cosine Transforms) transforms of original image is conducted in this research and these DCT coefficients are expanded by Fourier series expansion algorithm. In order to embed the imperceptible and robust watermark, the Fourier coefficients(lower frequency coefficients) can be calculated using sine and cosine function which have a complete orthogonal basis function, and the watermark is embedded into these coefficients, In the experiment, we can show robustness with respect to image distortion such as JPEG compression, bluring and adding uniform noise. The correlation coefficient are in the range from 0.5467 to 0.9507.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.17-22
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• 2014

Watermarking is one of the methods that insist on a copyright as it append digital signals in digital informations like still mobile image, video, other informations. This paper proposed an improved DCT-based watermarking scheme using quantized coefficients of image. This process makes quantized coefficients through a Discrete Cosine Transform and Quantization. The watermark is embedded into the quantization coefficients in accordance with location(key). The quantized watermarked coefficients are converted to watermarked image through the inverse quantization and inverse DCT. Watermark extract process only use watermarked image and location(key). In watermark extract process, quantized coefficients is obtained from watermarked image through a DCT and quantization process. The quantized coefficients select coefficients using location(key). We perform it using inverse DCT and get the watermark'. Simulation results are satisfied with high quality of image (PSNR) and Normalized Correlation(NC) from the watermarked image and the extracted watermark.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.8C
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• pp.1113-1124
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• 2004

In this paper, we proposed a hardware(H/W) structure which can compress and recontruct the input image in real time operation and implemented it into a FPGA platform using VHDL(VHSIC Hardware Description Language). All the image processing element to process both compression and reconstruction in a FPGA were considered each of them was mapped into H/W with the efficient structure for FPGA. We used the DWT(discrete wavelet transform) which transforms the data from spatial domain to the frequency domain, because use considered the motion JPEG2000 as the application. The implemented H/W is separated to both the data path part and the control part. The data path part consisted of the image processing blocks and the data processing blocks. The image processing blocks consisted of the DWT Kernel fur the filtering by DWT, Quantizer/Huffman Encoder, Inverse Adder/Buffer for adding the low frequency coefficient to the high frequency one in the inverse DWT operation, and Huffman Decoder. Also there existed the interface blocks for communicating with the external application environments and the timing blocks for buffering between the internal blocks The global operations of the designed H/W are the image compression and the reconstruction, and it is operated by the unit of a field synchronized with the A/D converter. The implemented H/W used the 69%(16980) LAB(Logic Array Block) and 9%(28352) ESB(Embedded System Block) in the APEX20KC EP20K600CB652-7 FPGA chip of ALTERA, and stably operated in the 70MHz clock frequency. So we verified the real time operation of 60 fields/sec(30 frames/sec).

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 2005

This paper introduces a 3D perceptual model based on JND(Just Noticeable Difference) and proposes a video watermarking scheme which is perceptual approach of adaptive embedding in 3D-DCT domain. Videos are composed of consecutive frames with many similar adjacent frames. If a watermark is embedded in the period of similar frames with little motion, it can be easily noticed by human eyes. Therefore, for the transparency the watermark should be embedded into some places where motions exist and for the robustness its magnitude needs to be adjusted properly. For the transparency and the robustness, watermark based on 3D perceptual model is utilized. That is. the sensitivities from the 3D-DCT quantization are derived based on 3D perceptual model, and the sensitivities of the regions having more local motion than global motion are adjusted. Then the watermark is embedded into visually significant coefficients in proportion to the strength of motion in 3D-DCT domain. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme improves the robustness to MPEG compression and temporal attacks by about $3{\sim}9\%$, compared to the existing 3D-DCT based method. In terms of PSNR, the proposed method is similar to the existing method, but JND guarantees the transparency of watermark.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.602-611
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• 2002

Recent advances in technology have resulted in rapid growth in mobile communication. With this explosive growth, reliable transmission and error resilient technique become increasingly necessary to offer high quality multimedia service. The success of error resilient techniques at decoder sensitively depends on error detection performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a computationally very simple and efficient error detection technique using fragile watermark for real-time video communication. To balance between image quality degradation and error detection efficiency, fragile watermark is embedded only in least significant bits of selected transform coefficients. The proposed method is workable without additional bit in video bitstream and can be implemented very efficiently. This method will be useful in video communication in error prone environment such as wireless channel.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.295-312
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• 2017

Digital video content is the most information-intensive and high-value content. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the intellectual property rights of these contents, and this paper also proposes a watermarking method of digital image for this purpose. The proposed method uses the frequency characteristics of 2-Dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform (2D-DWT) for digital images and digital watermark on global data without using local or specific data of the image for watermark embedding. The method to insert digital watermark data uses a simple Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) and a multiple watermarking method that inserts the same watermark data in multiple. When extracting a watermark, multiple watermarks are extracted and the final watermark data is determined by a simple statistical method. This method is an empirical method for experimentally determining the parameters in the watermark embedding process. The proposed method performs experiments on various images against various attacks and shows the superiority of the proposed method by comparing the performance with the representative existing methods.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.152-155
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• 2002

In this paper, a new approach is proposed for the error detection dedicated to MPEG-4 video coding by using the digital watermarking. In the process of encoding, the proposed scheme abstracts the macroblock features of headers, motion vectors, and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients, which are embedded in the quantized DCT coefficients as the digital watermarks. The decoder performs the accurate error detection through the watermark extraction. Simulation results demonstrate that the error detection ability of the proposed approach can be significantly enhanced, and that digital watermark embedding incurs little degradation to the picture quality.