• 제목/요약/키워드: viable cells

검색결과 771건 처리시간 0.025초

이란 발효 유제품에서 분리한 유산균의 특성 (Characterization and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Milks in Iran)

  • 박효주;박동준;오세종
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.211-218
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    • 2023
  • This study aimed to identify lactic acid bacteria isolated from eight fermented milk products in Iran. We enumerated Lactobacillus species using De Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS)-maltose and MRS agar with pH adjusted to 5.2, as well as assessment at 37℃ for 48 hr, studied Streptococcus spp. using M17 agar at 43℃ for 24 hr, and assessed Bifidobacterium species using nalidixic acid, paromomycin sulfate, neomycin sulfate, and lithium chloride (BL-NPNL) agar at 37℃ for 48 hr. The total viable Streptococcus spp. cell in fermented milk varied at 4.73-8.83 log CFU/mL. However, Bifidobacterium spp. were not detected in any of the tested samples. Lactobacilli were not detected in four of the eight samples, and viable Lactobacilli cells in the remaining four samples ranged 2.48-3.85 log CFU/mL. The pH of the tested samples ranged 3.53-4.19, and soluble solids (Brix measurement) ranged 7.5%-17.9%. A total of 130 isolates of gram-positive catalase-positive bacteria were characterized at the species level using 16S rRNA sequencing. Sequence analysis identified six species: Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. sunkii, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. indicus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Levilactobacillus brevis.

전해수 수세, 열풍건조 및 자외선 조사에 의한 미역의 미생물 감소 효과 (Effect of Electrolyzed Water and Hot-Air-Drying with UV for the Reduction of Microbial Populations of Undaria pinnatifida)

  • 박시우;김꽃봉우리;김민지;강보경;박원민;김보람;안나경;최연욱;조영제;안동현
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.38-44
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    • 2015
  • 15% 전해수로 10분간 세척 후 증류수로 10분씩 5회 수세하여 48°C의 열풍 건조기에 UV 등을 설치하여 미생물의 변화를 확인하였다. 전해수 수세 후 생균수, 대장균군, 곰팡이수에서 모두 균이 검출되지 않았다. 하지만, 수세 후 열풍건조기를 이용하여 48°C에서 48시간 동안 열풍건조 시 미생물이 다시 검출됨을 확인하였고, 이에 열풍건조기 내에 UV 등을 설치하여, UV 조사 최적 시간을 확인하였다. 그 결과 UV 조사를 12시간 이상 처리 시 미생물이 검출되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 15% 전해수 수세 및 열풍건조 미역의 색도 결과, 전해수 수세구는 무처리구와 비교 시 황색도에서만 유의적인 감소를 보였으며, 수세 후 열풍건조 시 명도, 적색도 및 황색도가 유의적으로 크게 증가하였다. 관능평가 결과, 색, 향, 맛 및 전체적 호감도 항목에서 무처리구와 전해수 수세구간 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 전해수 처리시 미역의 비린 맛 및 비린 향이 감소한다고 하였다. 또한 48°C, 48시간 열풍건조 동안 UV 0-48시간 조사 구간에서도 색, 향, 맛 및 전체적 호감도에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로, 15% 전해수 수세 시 생미역의 미생물 증식을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 미역의 비린 맛 및 비린 냄새를 줄여 관능적으로 나은 제품을 제조할 수 있었다. 전해수 수세 후 열풍건조 하는 동안 UV 조사를 12시간 실시할 경우 열풍건조기를 통한 미생물 오염을 억제할 수 있어 전해수-열풍건조-UV 병행 처리 시 미생물 제어효과가 우수한 건미역을 생산할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

예측미생물학을 활용한 미강 식이섬유 함유 떡갈비의 유통기한 설정 (Application of Predictive Microbiology for Shelf-life Estimation of Tteokgalbi Containing Dietary Fiber from Rice Bran)

  • 허찬;김현욱;최윤상;김천제;백현동
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.232-239
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구는 미강 추출 식이섬유 혼합물을 첨가한 떡갈비의 미생물학적 안전성 확보와 유통기한 산출을 위하여 예측미생물학을 이용하였다. 이를 위해 미강 추출 식이섬유 혼합물을 0, 1, 2, 3%의 비율로 첨가하였으며 냉장($4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) 조건에서 15일간 저장하며 일반세균수, 혐기성균, 저온균, 내열성균, 대장균군의 미생물학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 일반세균수의 초기 균수(저장 0일)의 경우 3.23-3.85 log CFU/g을 나타내었으며 혐기성균, 저온균의 경우 비슷한 초기균수를 나타내었다. 일반세균수와 혐기성균의 경우 저장 3-5일차에서 균수의 급격한 증가를 나타내었다. 저장기간 동안 측정된 균수를 Baranyi function을 바탕으로 성장예측곡선과 생육 지표를 예측하였으며, 성장예측곡선의 적합성을 검증한 결과 일반세균수, 혐기성균, 저온균의 경우 처리구간 모두 0.923 이상의 높은 $R^2$값을 나타내었으며 $B_f$, $A_f$의 경우 역시 이상적인 값인 1에 가까운 값은 나타내었다. RSME 값 역시 모두 0.65 이하를 나타내어 실측치와 예측치 간의 높은 정확성을 나타내었다. Baranyi function 식 (1), (2)을 이용하여 계산된 균수가 5 log CFU/g이 되는 시점인 predicted shelf-life의 경우 control, T1, T2, T3의 경우 각각 2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 3.6일로 예측되었으며 안전계수(1/1.5)를 고려한 estimated shelf-life의 경우 1.7, 2.3, 2.3, 2.4일로 측정되었다 미강 식이섬유 혼합물이 첨가된 처리구가 control보다 약 0.6-0.7일 긴 유통기한을 가지는 것으로 측정되었고 식이섬유가 3% 함유된 떡갈비가 2.4일로 가장 긴 유통기한을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해, 미강 추출 식이섬유 혼합물이 첨가된 떡갈비의 유통기한을 예측미생물학을 적용하여 측정할 수 있었으며, 식품산업에 있어서 이러한 예측미생물학은 식품의 제조 가공 판매 등을 결정할 때 미생물의 정량적 위험성을 판단하는 도구로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

MDP-Lys (L18), a Synthetic Muramyl Dipeptide Derivative, Enhances Antitumor Activity of an Inactivated Tumor Vaccine

  • Yoo, Yung-Choon;Park, Seung-Yong;Lee, Kyung-Bok;Azuma, Ichiro
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.399-404
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    • 2000
  • The adjuvant effect of a muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derivative, MDP-Lys(L18), on enhancing of antitumor immunity induced by X-irradiated tumor cells against highly metastatic B16-BL6 melanoma cells was examined in mice. Mice immunized intradermally (i.d.) with a mixture of X-irradiated B16-BL6 cells and MDP-Lys (L18) [Vac+MDP-Lys (L18)] followed by an intravenous (i.v.)inoculation of $10^4$ viable tumor cells 7 days after immunization, showed a significant inhibition of experimental lung metastasis of B16-BL6 melanoma cells. The most effective immunization for the prophylactic inhibition of tumor metastasis was obtained from the mixture of $100{\;}\mu\textrm{g}$ of MDP-Lys (L18) and $10^4$ X-irradiatied tumor vaccine. Furthermore, immunization of mice with Vac+MDP-Lys(L18), 3 days after tumor challenge, resulted in a significant inhibition of lung metastasis of B16-BL6 melanoma cells in an experimental lung metastasis model. Similarly, the administration of Vac+MDP-Lys(L18), 1 or 7 days after tumor removal, markedly inhibited tumor metastasis of B16-BL6 in a spontaneous lung metastasis model. When Vac+MDP-Lys (L18) was i.d. administered 3 days after subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation of tumor cells ($5{\times}10^5/site$) on the back, mice treated with Vac+MDP-Lys(L18) showed inhibition of significantly tumor growth on day 20. These results suggest that MDP-Lys (L18) is able to enhance antitumor activity induced by X-irradiated tumor vaccine to reduce lung metastasis of tumor cells, and is a potent immunomodulating agent which may be applied prophylactically as well as therapeutically to treatment of cancer metastasis.

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Fibrin affects short-term in vitro human mesenchymal stromal cell responses to magneto-active fibre networks

  • Spear, Rose L.;Symeonidou, Antonia;Skepper, Jeremy N.;Brooks, Roger A.;Markaki, Athina E.
    • Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.143-157
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    • 2015
  • Successful integration of cementless femoral stems using porous surfaces relies on effective periimplant bone healing to secure the bone-implant interface. The initial stages of the healing process involve protein adsorption, fibrin clot formation and cell osteoconduction onto the implant surface. Modelling this process in vitro, the current work considered the effect of fibrin deposition on the responses of human mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on ferritic fibre networks intended for magneto-mechanical actuation of in-growing bone tissue. The underlying hypothesis for the study was that fibrin deposition would support early stromal cell attachment and physiological functions within the optimal regions for strain transmission to the cells in the fibre networks. Highly porous fibre networks composed of 444 ferritic stainless steel were selected due to their ability to support human osteoblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells without inducing untoward inflammatory responses in vitro. Cell attachment, proliferation, metabolic activity, differentiation and penetration into the ferritic fibre networks were examined for one week. For all fibrin-containing samples, cells were observed on and between the metal fibres, supported by the deposited fibrin, while cells on fibrin-free fibre networks (control surface) attached only onto fibre surfaces and junctions. Initial cell attachment, measured by analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid, increased significantly with increasing fibrinogen concentration within the physiological range. Despite higher cell numbers on fibrin-containing samples, similar metabolic activities to control surfaces were observed, which significantly increased for all samples over the duration of the study. It is concluded that fibrin deposition can support the early attachment of viable mesenchymal stromal cells within the inter-fibre spaces of fibre networks intended for magneto-mechanical strain transduction to in-growing cells.

Growth and Differentation of Rat Mammary Epithelial Cells Cultured in Serum-free Medium

  • Kim, Dong-Yeum;Jhun, Byung-Hak;Lee, Kyung-Hee;Hong, Seung-Chul;Clifton, Kelly-H.;Kim, Nam-Deuk
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.297-305
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    • 1997
  • A new serum-free defined medium was developed that supports the growth of normal rat mammary epithelial cells. Mammary organoids from the glands of female F344 rats were cultured in a serum-free medium. Monolayer culture colonies developed within a week and remained viable for months in culture. Upon subculture of one-week-old primary colonies, almost the same morphology of colonies was developed. The scrape loading/dye transfer technique showed that most of colonies that developed in a serum-free medium containing EGF, human transferrin, insulin, and hydrocortisone (basal serum-free medium, BSFM) failed to show cell-cell communication. However, colonies cultured in BSFM supplemented with prolactin, $E_2$, and progesterone (complete hormone serum-free medium, CHSFM) showed cell-cell communication at 14 days of primary culture or of subculture. By flow cytometry with FITCPNA and PE-anti-Thy-1.1 monoclonal antibody, we distinguished four RMEC subpopulations in cultures in both media: Thy-1.1+ cells, PNA+ cells, cells negative to both reagents and cells positive to both reagents. It is likely that combined prolactin, cortisol, and insulin in CHSFM stimulate terminal differentiation of clonogenic cells.

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Preferential Cytotoxic Effect of Genistein on G361 Melanoma Cells Via Inhibition of the Expression of Focal Adhesion Kinase

  • Park, Sang Rye;Kwak, Hyun-Ho;Park, Bong-Soo;Kim, Gyoo Cheon
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • 제37권4호
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    • pp.189-195
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    • 2012
  • Resistance to the induction of apoptosis is a possible mechanism by which tumor cells can survive anti-neoplastic treatments. Melanoma is notoriously resistant to anti-neoplastic therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) overexpression in melanoma cell lines. Given its probable role in mediating resistance to apoptosis, many researchers have sought to determine whether the downregulation of FAK in melanoma cells would confer a greater sensitivity to anti-neoplastic agents. Genistein is a known inhibitor of protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK), which may attenuate the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting the PTK-mediated signaling pathway. This present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of genistein on the expression of FAK and cell cycle related proteins in the G361 melanoma cell line. Genistein was found to have a preferential cytotoxic effect on G361 melanoma cells over HaCaT normal keratinocytes. Genistein decreased the expression of 125 kDa phosphotyrosine kinase and the FAK protein in particular. Genistein treatment did not affect the expression of p53 in G361 cells in which p21 is upregulated. The expression of cyclin B and cdc2 was downregulated by genistein treatment. Taken together, our data indicate that genistein induces the decreased proliferation of G361 melanoma cells via the inhibition of FAK expression and regulation of cell cycle genes. This suggests that the use of genistein may be a viable approach to future melanoma treatments.

사람의 치수 및 치주인대 세포에 대한 Bioaggregate 시멘트의 생체적합성에 대한 연구 (Biocompatibility of bioaggregate cement on human pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL) derived cells)

  • 정주령;김의성;신수정
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • 제35권6호
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    • pp.473-478
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    • 2010
  • 연구목적: 본 연구는 인간의 치수 및 치근단 조직에서 유리된 세포를 이용하여 비교적 최근 소개된 Bioaggregate의 생체친화성을 평가하는 데에 있다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 사람의 발거치로 부터 치수 및 치근단 조직에서 배양된 세포를 이용하였다. Bioaggregate와 white MTA를 혼합하여 세포배양판에 적용한 후 같은 수의 세포를 배양하였다. 1, 3, 그리고 7일 후 위상차현미경을 사용하여 세포의 부착과 성장을 관찰하고 cell viability test를 시행하였다. 얻어진 결과는 Student t-test및 one way ANOVA를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 두가지 종류의 세포 모두 Bioaggregate와 MTA가 혼합된 배양판에서 잘 성장하였으며 Bioaggregate군에서는 inhibition zone이 관찰되지 않았다. Cell viability test에서 두 그룹간 통계적인 유의성 차이는 없었다. 결론: Bioaggreagete는 치수 및 치근단 세포에 대하여 MTA와 유사한 세포친화성을 보였다.

동 . 하계 가막만 표층 퇴적물의 환경특성과 해양미생물의 분포 (Environmental Characteristics and Distributions of Marine Bacteria in the Surface Sediments of Kamak Bay in Winter and Summer)

  • 이대성;김윤숙;정성윤;강창근;이원재
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제17권7호
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    • pp.755-765
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    • 2008
  • To investigate correlation between the distribution of marine bacteria and environmental characteristics in the surface sediments of Kamak Bay, chemical oxygen demand(COD), acid volatile sulfide(AVS), ignition loss(IL), total organic carbon(TOC), and total organic nitrogen(TON) were measured and analyzed at 7 stations in winter and summer. In winter, COD and AVS ranged from 13.45 mg/g to 30.06 mg/g(average: 23.58 mg/g) and from 0.03 mg/g to 1.04 mg/g(average: 0.63 mg/g), respectively. IL, TOC, and TON ranged from 8.03% to 11.41%(average: 9.41%), from 1.17% to 2.10%(average: 1.62%), and from 0.09% to 0.18%(average 0.15%), respectively. In summer, COD, AVS, IL, TOC, and TON ranged from 14.06 mg/g to 32.19 mg/g(average: 24.71 mg/g), from 0.03 mg/g to 1.11 mg/g(average: 0.66 mg/g), from 9.00% to 12.15%(average: 10.96%), from 1.27% to 2.12%(average 1.77%), and from 0.12% to 0.19%(average: 0.16%), respectively. These values were relatively higher than those in winter. Kamak Bay had high C/N ratio that might be resulted from the input of terrestrial sewage and industrial wastewater. The number of marine viable bacteria was $8.9{\times}10^4\;cfu/g$ in winter and $9.7{\times}10^5\;cfu/g$ in summer. The most abundant species were Pseudomonas spp., Flavobacterium spp., and Vibrio spp, in the surface sediments of Kamak Bay. It was found that the concentration of organic matters and viable bacterial cells in the inner part were relatively higher than those in the outer of Kamak Bay. The distribution of viable bacterial cells was closely influenced by environmental factors.

우유와 두유에서 Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707의 성장촉진인자 및 ${\alpha},\;{\beta}$ Galactosidase의 활성에 관한 연구 (Growth Factors and ${\alpha},\;{\beta}$ Galactosidase Activities of Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 in Milk and Soymilk)

  • 최소영;김유경;윤선
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.987-993
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    • 1996
  • 본 연구에서는 Bifidobacterium을 우유와 두유에 접종하여 $37^{\circ}C$에서 발효 특성, 적정 발효 기간 및 효율적인 증식을 위한 생육 인자를 찾고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 pH, 산도, glucose함량, 생균수, ${\alpha}-galactosidase$활성 그리고 ${\beta}-galactosidase$활성 변화를 조사하였다. $37^{\circ}C$에서 일반 발효 특성을 측정했을 때 48시간동안 우유의 발효는 pH의 감소와 산 생성의 증가는 현저한 반면, 세포 증식을 24시간동안 증가하였으나 남은 24시간동안은 감소를 보였다. 또한 효소 반응은 ${\beta}-galactosidase$ 활성이 높은 반면, ${\alpha}-galactosidase$는 비교적 낮았으며 glucose 함량은 세포 증식기에 높았다. 두유의 경우는 우유에 비해 pH의 감소가 큰 반면 적정산도 증가는 비슷하였다. 세포 증식은 발효 2일동안 이루어졌으며, ${\alpha}-,\;{\beta}-galactosidase$ 모두 활성이 높게 나타났고, glucose 함량도 1일 동안 지속적인 증가를 나타냈다. 또한 적정 발효기간은 발효유는 24-36시간, 발효 두유는 약 24시간이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다. Bifidobacterium의 성장 촉진 인자의 영향을 발효 시간에 따른 pH와 생균수 변화로 조사한 결과, 두유에서는 fucosyllactose, 그리고 우유에서는 발효 초기에 L-cysteine·HCl, 발효 진행중에는 fucosyllactose가 효과적인 생육 인자로 작용하였다.

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