• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.430-434
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• 2003

In vivo antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus helveticus CU 631 and Lactobacillus spp. against typical enteritis causing pathogen Salmonella enteritidis KU 101 have been determined, which showed an increase in survival rate and the decline in viable cell numbers of pathogen in liver and spleen at sacrifice. A signifcant difference in the antagonistic effect against KU 101 were observed, which was species and/or strain dependent of Lactobacillus (p<0.01), the survival rate of the mice in the Salmonella infection by feeding L. helveticus CU 631 has been shown to be 157%, whereas those of L. rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103, L. acidophilus ATCC 4356, L. johnsonii C-4 were 137%, 132%, 119% respectively on the basis of lactobacilli non-associated control KU101 fed mice to be 100%. Viable cells of S. enteritidis KU101 in the liver and in the spleen at sacrifice were decreased in Lactobacillus spp. fed group with no significant difference. The higher level of total secretory IgA concentration in the intestinal fluid of lactobacilli fed mice than control mice have been observed. In vitro antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus spp. against KU101 have been determined, a prominent antagonistic activity of CU 631 against KU 101 were demonstrated.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2005

Objectives & Methods : In order to evaluate the in vivo synergic effect of Mawhangyounpye-tang which was a traditional poly-herbal formula has been used in the treatment of respiratory diseases in Korea, with quinolone antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CPFX), the viable bacterial number and histopathological changes were monitored after experimental respiratory infection with Klebsiella peumoniae NCTC 9632. Results : The obtained results were as follows : 1. In CPFX group, the viable bacterial numbers were significantly decreased compared to that of control group and these were more dramatically decreased compared to that of single treatment with CPFX, respectively in concomitant treated groups with Mawhangyounpye-tang. 2. In control group, severe infiltration of inflammatory cells, hemorrhage and hypertrophy of alveolar linings were demonstrated at microscopical levels. However, these abnormal histopathological changes were significantly decreased compared to that of control group in CPFX group, and these were more dramatically decreased compared to that of single treatment with CPFX, respectively in concomitant treated groups with Mawhangyounpye-tang. 3. In CPFX group, the LSA (luminal surface of alveoli %) were significantly increased compared to that of control group and these were more dramatically decreased compared to that of single treatment with CPFX, respectively in concomitant treated groups with Mawhangyounpye-tang. Conclusions : It is considered that in vivo antibacterial activity of CPFX was dramatically increased by concomitant use of Mawhangyounpye-tang against Kebsiella pneumoniae NCTC 9632 infection of respiratory tract.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.447-454
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• 1999

Ginseng-vinegars were produced by the fermentation of 5% ethanol solution contained ginseng, red ginseng, ginseng marc and red ginseng marc using Acetobacter aceti 3281 for 26 days at 35$^{\circ}C$. The ginseng and red ginseng vinegar contained 0.236mg/ml of total sugar 0.236mg/ml of reducing sugar and 0.05% of ethanol and 1.005 of specific gravity 8,58CFU of viable cell count 3,24 of pH and 5.11% of acidity. Whereas the vinegars produced using the water-extracted red ginseng marc and the ethanol-extracted red ginseng marc were consisted of total sugar was 1.27mg/ml and 1.60mg/ml reducing sugar was 0.077mg/ml and 0.725mg/ml specific gravity was 1.001 and 1.004 the number of viable cells was 8.51CFU/ml and 8.1CFU/ml pH was 2.81 and 2.89 acidity was 5.18% and 5.32% respectvely ethanol concentration was 0.05% in both cases. In five-grade scoring test of sensory evaluation, it was estimated favorable that each vinegar made by were-extracted red ginseng marc, ethanol-extracted red ginseng marc ginseng and red ginseng ginseng from 0.5 to 32% of water-and ethanol-extract red ginseng was extracted with 10% white vinegar for 30 days. The best sensory vinegars were obtained that ginseng of 0.4~1.6% above red glnsend of 0.8% water-extracted red ginseng marc of 0.8~1.6% and ethanol-extracted red ginseng marc of 0.4~1.6% added in 10% white vinegar respectively.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.445-457
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• 2020

Prebiotics are defined as "Nondigestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and activity of bacteria in the intestine" and as defined improve host health. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium lactis BB12 and Bifidobacterium longum BB536) growth enhancer (BE0623) supplement as a prebiotic. The addition of BE0623, a growth promoting material for bifidobacteria, significantly increased bifidobacteria viable cells counts in fermented milk by about 45 to 75 times compared to the non-added control group. In addition, microscopic observation showed a significant effect on proliferation of bifidobacteria in fermented milk with added BE0623. The viable cell counts in bifidobacteria also increased roughly 102-fold compared to the control group (non-added BE0623) and was higher than that of commercial growth promoters. Each fraction obtained though the purification of BE0623 influenced the increase of bifidobacteria growth. Culturing bifidobacteria with a combination of fractions of BE0623 had a synergistic effect compared to culturing bifidobacteria with each fraction individually. When any of the fractions were not added, the effect of the growth enhancer on bifidobacteria was reduced. These results indicate that all fractions contain substances that promote the growth of bifidobacteria. Therefore, BE0623 is considered to be available as a growth promoting material for bifidobacterium.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1997

An ethanolic fermentation process was developed for preparing Doenjang with high ethanol. Higher and efficient viable cell production of salt-tolerant ethanolic yeast is a prerequisite for the successful commercial-scale process of ethanol production during Doenjang fermentation. Culture conditions of salt-tolerant yeast, S. cerevisiae KFCC 10823, was studied in terms of the effect of several environmental and nutritional factors. Viable cell numbers were the highest in a medium containing the following components per liter of water: soysauce, 300ml; dextrose, 50 g; beef extract, 5 g; yeast extract, 5 g; $KH_2PO_4$, 5 g; NaCl, 50 g. The optimal culture conditions of S. cerevisiae KFCC 10823 were pH 5.5, $25^{\circ}C$, 200 rpm and 0.5 vvm. Yeast viability during batch fermentation was gradually decreased to a level less than $90{\%}$ after 35 hours. The maximum cell number was $2.2{\times}10_7$ cells/ml at the optimal condition. Doenjang prepared with ethanolic yeast was ripened after 45 days at $30^{\circ}C$. This Doenjang contains 470 mg% of amino nitrogen and 2.5% ethanol. The shelf-life at $30^{\circ}C$ was theoretically estimated as 444 days.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2000

This study investigated whether propofol, an intravenous, non-barbiturate anesthetic, could reduce brain damage following global forebrain ischemia. Transient global ischemia was induced in gerbils by occlusion of bilateral carotid arteries for 3 min. Propofol (50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before, immediately after, and at 1 h, 2 h, 6 h after occlusion. Thereafter, propofol was administered twice daily for three days. Treated animals were processed in parallel with ischemic animals receiving 10% intralipid as a vehicle or with sham-operated controls. In histologic findings, counts of viable neurons were made in the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampal CA1 area 4 days after ischemia. The number of viable neurons in the pyramidal cell layer of CA1 area was similar in animals treated with a vehicle or a subanesthetic dose of propofol. In terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay, semiquantitative analysis of dark-brown neuronal cells was made in the hippocampal CA1 area. There was no significant difference in the degree of TUNEL staining in the hippocampal CA1 area between vehicle-treated and propofol-treated animals. These results show that subanesthetic dose of propofol does not reduce delayed neuronal cell death following transient global ischemia in Mongolian gerbils.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2012

Silica hybrid silver nanoparticles showing the strong antimicrobial activity, in which nano-silver is bound to silica molecules, has been synthesized using ${\gamma}-irradiation$ at room temperature. The present study relates to an antimicrobial composition for coating fiber products comprising silica hybrid silver nanoparticles. In this study, we describe antimicrobial fiber products coated with the silica hybrid silver nanoparticles and a method of antimicrobially treating fiber products by coating the fiber products with the silica hybrid silver nanoparticles. The antimicrobial fiber products exhibited excellent antimicrobial effects. In detailed practice, when the present composition comprising nanosized silica-silver was applied to a cloth (fabric) in a concentration of $6.4mg\;yard^{-1}$, the viable cell number decreased to less than 10 cells before and after laundering, resulting in a reduction of 99.9% or greater in the viable cell number. The present composition displays long-lasting potent disinfecting effects on bacteria. Also, we investigated the toxicity of silica hybrid silver nanoparticles in rats. The skin of rats was treated with a 30 ppm nanoparticles solution ($2ml\;Kg^{-1}$) for 8 days. No toxicity was detected in the treatment. These results suggest that the fiber products coated with the silica hybrid silver nanoparticles can be used to inhibit the growth of various microorganisms.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2012

When quicklime is added into soil for various purposes, abrupt changes in soil chemistry may affect essential ecological functions played by indigenous bacterial communities in soil. The magnitude of influence was estimated by observing changes in abundance and diversity of soil bacteria after quicklime treatment. When several soil samples were treated up to 20% (w/w) quicklime, plate count of viable cells ranged $10^2{\sim}10^3$ CFU $g^{-1}$, showing a reduction of more than $10^4$ times from viable counts of the untreated sample. Diversity of the bacterial isolates that survived after quicklime treatment was analyzed by conducting $GTG_5$ rep-PCR fingerprinting. There were only two types of fingerprints common to both 5% and 20% quicklime samples, implying that bacteria surviving at different strength of quicklime treatment differed depending on their tolerance to quicklime-treated condition. Isolates surviving the quicklime treatments were further characterized by Gram staining and endospore staining. All isolates were found to be Gram positive bacteria, and 85.4% of them displayed endospores state. In conclusion, most bacteria surviving quicklime treatment appear to be endospores. This finding suggests that most of ecological functions of bacteria in soil are lost with quicklime treatment.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2023

This study aimed to identify lactic acid bacteria isolated from eight fermented milk products in Iran. We enumerated Lactobacillus species using De Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS)-maltose and MRS agar with pH adjusted to 5.2, as well as assessment at 37℃ for 48 hr, studied Streptococcus spp. using M17 agar at 43℃ for 24 hr, and assessed Bifidobacterium species using nalidixic acid, paromomycin sulfate, neomycin sulfate, and lithium chloride (BL-NPNL) agar at 37℃ for 48 hr. The total viable Streptococcus spp. cell in fermented milk varied at 4.73-8.83 log CFU/mL. However, Bifidobacterium spp. were not detected in any of the tested samples. Lactobacilli were not detected in four of the eight samples, and viable Lactobacilli cells in the remaining four samples ranged 2.48-3.85 log CFU/mL. The pH of the tested samples ranged 3.53-4.19, and soluble solids (Brix measurement) ranged 7.5%-17.9%. A total of 130 isolates of gram-positive catalase-positive bacteria were characterized at the species level using 16S rRNA sequencing. Sequence analysis identified six species: Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. sunkii, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. indicus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Levilactobacillus brevis.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2015

15% 전해수로 10분간 세척 후 증류수로 10분씩 5회 수세하여 48°C의 열풍 건조기에 UV 등을 설치하여 미생물의 변화를 확인하였다. 전해수 수세 후 생균수, 대장균군, 곰팡이수에서 모두 균이 검출되지 않았다. 하지만, 수세 후 열풍건조기를 이용하여 48°C에서 48시간 동안 열풍건조 시 미생물이 다시 검출됨을 확인하였고, 이에 열풍건조기 내에 UV 등을 설치하여, UV 조사 최적 시간을 확인하였다. 그 결과 UV 조사를 12시간 이상 처리 시 미생물이 검출되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 15% 전해수 수세 및 열풍건조 미역의 색도 결과, 전해수 수세구는 무처리구와 비교 시 황색도에서만 유의적인 감소를 보였으며, 수세 후 열풍건조 시 명도, 적색도 및 황색도가 유의적으로 크게 증가하였다. 관능평가 결과, 색, 향, 맛 및 전체적 호감도 항목에서 무처리구와 전해수 수세구간 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 전해수 처리시 미역의 비린 맛 및 비린 향이 감소한다고 하였다. 또한 48°C, 48시간 열풍건조 동안 UV 0-48시간 조사 구간에서도 색, 향, 맛 및 전체적 호감도에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로, 15% 전해수 수세 시 생미역의 미생물 증식을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 미역의 비린 맛 및 비린 냄새를 줄여 관능적으로 나은 제품을 제조할 수 있었다. 전해수 수세 후 열풍건조 하는 동안 UV 조사를 12시간 실시할 경우 열풍건조기를 통한 미생물 오염을 억제할 수 있어 전해수-열풍건조-UV 병행 처리 시 미생물 제어효과가 우수한 건미역을 생산할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.