• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.100-112
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• 2016

In recent, the direction of water resources policy is changing from the typical plan for water use and flood control to the sustainable water resources management to improve the quality of life. This change makes the information related to water resources such as data collection, management, and supply is becoming an important concern for decision making of water resources policy. We had analyzed the structured data according to the purpose of providing information on water resources. However, the recent trend is big data and cloud computing which can create new values by linking unstructured data with structured data. Therefore, the trend for the management of water resources information is also changing. According to the paradigm change of information management, this study tried to suggest an application of big data and cloud computing in water resources field for efficient management and use of water. We examined the current state and direction of policy related to water resources information in Korea and an other country. Then we connected volume, velocity and variety which are the three basic components of big data with veracity and value which are additionally mentioned recently. And we discussed the rapid and flexible countermeasures about changes of consumer and increasing big data related to water resources via cloud computing. In the future, the management of water resources information should go to the direction which can enhance the value(Value) of water resources information by big data and cloud computing based on the amount of data(Volume), the speed of data processing(Velocity), the number of types of data(Variety). Also it should enhance the value(Value) of water resources information by the fusion of water and other areas and by the production of accurate information(Veracity) required for water management and prevention of disaster and for protection of life and property.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2000

Crustal velocities around the Korea peninsula are estimated and investigated from eight IGS permanent stations in eastern Asia area. GPS data for the period of May 1995 to December 1991 were analyzed to estimate daily coordinates of each site relative to TAEJ site. The velocity vector of each site is estimated from linear regression analysis with time series of coordinates. As the result, horizontal velocity components for four stations(Tsukuba, Usuda,Taiwan and Shanghai) using thirty-two months data were estimated with the standard error less than 1 mm/year. Our GPS velocity of six sites on the interiors of the Eurasia plate are similar within 1 cm/year with small differences respectively. On the other hand, the velocities of Tsukuba and Usuda showed the great differences from the other six sites. This can be explained by the fact that these two sites are enforced by the surrounding four plates, such as the Pacific, Eurasia, North America and Philipine plate. This study showed that the distance between Korea and Japan is shortened with the rate of 3 cm per year.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2005

We performed a new high-resolution spectroscopy of AG Vir for 4 nights from 25 March 2004 using the BOES (Bohyunsan Optical Echelle Spectrograph) attached to the 1.8-m reflector at Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory, and obtained a total of 59 spectra where all orbital phases are covered. To get the radial velocities of the binary system, both method of the CCF (Cross-Co..elation Function)and the BF (Broadening Function) were applied to the analysis of all the observed spectra. From these, the CCF could calculate the radial velocities of the primary star alone, while the BF could determine those of the primary and the secondary components. New absolute dimensions were deduced with the combination of our spectroscopic orbital elements ($K_1=90.5km/s$와 $K_2=258.8$) and the photometric solutions of Bell, Rainger, & Hilditch (1990): $A_1,=1.99M_\bigodot,\;M_2=0.62M_\bigodot,\;R_1=2.21R_\bigodot,\;R_2=1.36R_\bigodot,\;L_1=13.17L_\bigodot,\;and\;L_2=3.47L_\bigodot$. Our absolute parameters are larger and brighter than those derived from Bell, Rainger, & Hilditch (1990). We re-analyzed all the previous radial-velocity curves of AG Vir and, as a result, can see that its system velocity scatters largely up to ${\pm}8km/s$. However, we, at present, cannot determine this as the light-time effect due to the third body, which was suggested as a cause of the orbital period changes by Qian (2001).

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2006

Present study is to know the relation with throwing speed according to the uniform torque by the shoulder joint, over 20 persons of professional baseball, and were measured the uniform torque by the shoulder joint accordance with throwing speed between (A-low speed) and (B-high speed) of each group. In the present study, three components were measured, and analyzed with having an approximated output value appearing by changing angular velocity, and in $30^{\circ}/sec$, the maximum strength of muscles was measured, and in$210^{\circ}/sec$, the points of endurance strength of muscles were measured and analyzed, and the following result could be obtained. 1. In muscles strength (peak torque)of inner rotation, and outer rotation for respect to each speed of shoulder joint, though there did not appear outstanding difference between A group and B group in the $30^{\circ}/sec$, it showed that group B has priority in a little. Also in outer rotation by shoulder joint, though there appeared the same difference between A group and B group, B group is tended to be prior to A group in a little. 2 In the view of muscles strength (peak torque)of inner rotation, and outer rotation for respect to each speed of shoulder joint, though there did not appear outstanding difference between A group and B group in the $30^{\circ}/sec$, it showed that group B has priority in a little. Also in outer rotation by shoulder joint, though there appeared the same difference between A group and B group, B group is tended to be prior to A group in a little. 3. In the view of muscles strength(peak torque)of inner rotation, and outer rotation for respect to each speed of shoulder joint, though there did not appear outstanding difference between A group and B group in the $30^{\circ}/sec$, it showed that B group has priority in a little. Also in outer rotation by shoulder joint, though there appeared the same difference between A group and B group, B group is tended to be prior to A group in a little. 4. In the view of peak torque for respect to the weight accordance with each velocity of shoulder joint, there did not appear outstanding difference between A group and B group. In outer rotation by the shoulder joint, there was not appeared clear difference between A group and B group. 5. In the concern of the peak torque for respect to the weight accordance with each velocity of shoulder joint, there did not appear outstanding difference between A group and B group in $30^{\circ}/sec$. In outer rotation by the shoulder joint, there was not appeared clear difference between A group and B group. 6. In the concern of the peak torque for respect to the weight accordance with each velocity of shoulder joint, there did not appear outstanding difference between A group and B group in $210^{\circ}/sec$. In outer rotation by the shoulder joint, there was not appeared clear difference between A group and B group. As conclusion, there did not appear a correlation of uniform torque by shoulder joint versus the speed throwing by a pitcher of professional base ball.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.205-218
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• 2013

The likelihood of rip current at Haeundae beach according to wave parameters, such as wave height, period, direction, and tidal elevation, was estimated by using numerical simulations with a Boussinesq model, FUNWAVE. To examine the estimation, the rip current occurred on 12th June, 2011 at Haeundae beach was simulated based on observations. For the estimation, the following procedure was carried out. First, extensive numerical simulations of nearshore circulations are performed under various random sea conditions according to the wave parameters. Second, from the numerical results, cross shore components of two-wave-period averaged velocities over the nearshore area were computed, and their seawardly maximum was defined as rip current velocity of the area. Third, using time series of the rip current velocity, we computed the ratio of the simulation time and the time period in which the rip current velocity exceed a threshold velocity for rip-current accidents, and thus the ratio was quantified as the likelihood of rip current at Haeundae beach for the input wave parameters. From the resultant estimations, it was found that the rip current likelihood increases as wave height and period increase, and tidal elevation decreases.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.871-877
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• 2015

Deep-sea equipment such as underwater robots and unmanned submersible vehicles, include various machine components and sensors, and it is important that their reliabilities be tested before use in the fields. This is necessary because they are affected by complex extreme-environment conditions, such as high pressures, extreme temperatures, and tidal forces that are present in the deep sea. We require test equipment that can conduct empirical tests in conditions that mimic these complex oceanic environments. In this study, we propose specifications that should be met, and a design plan for the primary components, which should limit their use to a maximum water pressure of 2.0 MPa, water temperature of $5{\sim}60^{\circ}C$, and a maximum flow velocity of 2 m/s. in work-in type underwater combined environment test equipment and. We present test system development procedures to verify the reliability of products and systems used in deep-sea environments.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.4
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• pp.29-32
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• 1963

The Gibberellin is applied to partial fruit trees, vegetables and flowers, but there is only a few information on the components of the effect of Gibberellin on these higher plants. There is no any information on the effect of Gibberellin, Urea and Sucrose mixed liquid on the plant components. So this mixed liquid and gibberellin spraied to the soybean sprout and observed growth velocity variety of some nutrients. Growth velocity, weight, Amino acid contents and fat contents of mixed plot and gibberellin plot are almost same. Mixed liquid plot's sugars and crude proteins contents in a little much than gibberellin plot, but mixed liquid plot's Ascorbic acid contents is a little less than gibberellin plot.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2020

Convective heat transfer is the main component of greenhouse energy loss because the energy loss by this mechanism is greater than those of the other two components (radiative and conductive). Previous studies have examined the convective heat transfer coefficients under natural conditions, but they are not applicable to symmetric thermal screens with zero porosity, and such screens are largely produced and used in Korea. However, the properties of these materials have not been reported in the literature, which causes selectivity issues for users. Therefore, in this study, three screens having similar color and zero porosity were selected, and a mathematical procedure based on radiation balance equations was developed to determine their convective heat transfer coefficients. To conduct the experiment, a hollow wooden structure was built and the thermal screen was tacked over this frame; the theoretical model was applied underneath and over the screen. Input parameters included three components: 1) solar and thermal fluxes; 2) temperature of the screen, black cloth, and ambient air; and 3) wind velocity. The convective heat transfer coefficients were determined as functions of the air-screen temperature difference under open-air environmental conditions. It was observed from the outcomes that the heat transfer coefficients decreased with the increase of the air-screen temperature difference provided that the wind velocity was nearly zero.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.780-786
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• 2002

Optimum condition of the drying process and the changes in aroma components during dehydration were determined for Sarcodon aspratus. The drying curve of mushrooms consisted of short constant rate period followed by long falling rate period. The drying rate increased with increasing drying temperature and air velocity. Results showed that mushrooms dried at $50^{\circ}C$ and air velocity of 1.5 m/sec had the greatest peak area of aroma compound. The aromatic components of the dried mushrooms were 1-octen-3-one, 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone, 1-octanol, 2-octen-1-ol, 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 1-octanol, 2-octen-1-ol, and 3-octanol. Peak areas of mushroom alcohol and aromatic compounds of mushrooms including 1-octen-3-ol, 1-octanol, 2-octen-1-ol, 3-octanol decreased significantly, whereas those of 1-octen-3-one and 3-octane increased during the drying period. New unfavorable compounds including butyric acid, propanoic acid, and 3-methyl thiopropanol were formed during the drying period.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 2003

The influences of horizontal and vertical flow components including the stratification of water column and the wind field on the formation of oxygen-deficient water in summer in Jindong Bay, northern part of Chinhae Bay, were examined. Temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in seawater, and direction and velocity of wind were observed in Jindong Bay from March 1998 to February 1999. Low concentration of 5 mg/L in dissolved oxygen (DO) appeared at the bottom layer from May to September. Extremely low DO concentration less than 3 mg/L was investigated in summer (July to August) when stratification was strongest due to abrupt vertical gradients of temperature and salinity in water column. Bottom waters with the extremely low DO concentration were observed even in spring (May to June) at the inner part of the bay. In summer (August to September), the bottom waters with the low DO concentration (less than 5 mg/L) existed at the water depth from 4 to 6 m, being moved upward to the surface layer compared to other seasons. Vertical components of residual flow, calculated by the direction and velocity of wind, in Jindong Bay in summer showed that locally prevailed northerly and westerly wind resulted in downwelling flow at the outer part of the bay and conversely, upwelling at the inner part of the bay. In addition, bottom current at the outer part corresponding to the downwelling area directed to the inner part, probably resulting in a transport of the particulate organic matter settled at the bottom waters to the inner part of the bay. The oxygen-deficient watermass, which was formed at the bottom layer of the inner part, was likely to transported to the surface layer by the upwelling flow.