• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.400-406
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• 2014

This paper describes a robust watermark decoding model using a SVM(Support Vector Machine). First, the embedding process is performed inversely for a watermarked signal. And then the watermark is extracted using the proposed model. For SVM training of the proposed model, data are generated that are watermarks extracted from sounds containing watermarks by four different embedding schemes. BER(Bit Error Rate) values of the data are utilized to determine a threshold value employed to create training set. To evaluate the robustness, 14 attacks selected in StirMark, SMDI and STEP2000 benchmarking are applied. Consequently, the proposed model outperformed previous method in PSNR(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) and BER. It is noticeable that the proposed method achieves BER 1% below in the case of PSNR greater than 10 dB.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.668-671
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• 2009

콘텐츠의 네트워크를 통한 배포가 늘어나면서 콘텐츠의 보안에도 많은 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이러한 콘텐츠 보안은 콘텐츠 자체에 보안을 설정하거나 콘텐츠를 볼 수 있는 프로그램 등에 보안을 설정하는 방법 등을 사용하고 있다. 여러 가지 보안 기술 중 워터마크는 불법 콘텐츠 유포의 방지, 불법 콘텐츠의 추적, 저작권 주장, 위 변조 방지 등에 사용되고 있다. 워터마크는 위 변조를 방지하는 목적에서는 잘 훼손되도록 제작되지만 저작권 보호의 목적에서는 훼손되면 안 된다. 그러나 콘텐츠의 유통 과정 중 워터마크는 훼손되기 쉽다. 콘텐츠를 제작하는 과정에서 워터마크가 삽입되면 콘텐츠의 압축, 편집, 송출 등의 단계에서 공격을 받아 훼손될 수 있기 때문이다. 이러한 공격에서 워터마크를 살아남게 하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 움직임 예측을 이용한 워터마크 삽입 방법을 제안한다. 방법은 워터마크 메시지를 삽입할 때 움직임이 있다면 그 부분에 좀 더 강하게 워터마크 메시지를 삽입하도록 하는 것이다. 실험 결과 이러한 방법으로 워터마크를 삽입할 경우 워터마크가 좀 더 잘 검출됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 제안하는 내용은 콘텐츠 보안이 필요한 VOD, IP-TV, DMB, FTA(Free-to-Air) 방송 등에 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.167-170
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 다양한 디지털 컨텐츠들 중에 디지털 비디오에 대한 워터마킹 방법을 제안하였다. 현재 비디오 압축 부호화의 기본 알고리즘으로 사용되는 DCT(discrete cosine transform)는 고압축을 수행할 경우 블록킹 현상이 심하게 나타나는 단점이 있다. 제안한 방법은 이러한 단점을 극복하고 점진적 전송 특성을 갖는 비디오를 위해 웨이브릿 변환 영역에서 SPIHT(set partitioning in hierarchical trees)를 이용한 비디오 부호화 과정에 워터마크를 삽입하였다. SPIHT 부호화 과정에서 비디오 신호의 시간 중복성을 이용한 I 프레임에 대한 이전 프레임의 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 I 프레임에 워터마크를 삽입한다. 워터마크 삽입 시 HVS(human visual system)를 이용하여 움직임 벡터 분석에 의해 선택된 영역에서 지각적 중요 계수 (PSC :perceptual significant coefficient)를 선택하여 워터마크를 삽입한다. 실험 결과 시간 중복성과 HVS를 이용하여 I 프레임에 워터마크를 삽입하였기 때문에 비가시성과 강인성이 우수함을 확인하였다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.5
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• pp.925-930
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• 2002

This paper discusses techniques for embedding data into 3D polygonal models of geometry. Much researches of Watermarking had been gone as element technology of DRM (digital rights management). But, few research had gone to 3D polygonal model. Most research is limited at text document, 2D image, animation, music etc. RP system is suitable a few production in various goods species, and it is used much in industry to possible reason that produce prototype and find error or incongruent factor at early stage on design in product development childhood. This paper is research about method that insert watermark in STL ( stereolithography) file that have 3D shape model. Proposed algorithm inserts watermark in normal vector region and facet's interior region of 3D shape data. For this reason, 3D shape does not produce some flexure and fulfill invisibility of watermark. Experiment results that insert and extract watermark in normal netter region and facet's Interior region of 3D shape data by proposed algorithm do not influence entirely in 3D shape and show that insertion and extraction of watermark are possible.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.57-70
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• 2009

A CAD design drawing based on vector data that is very important art work in industrial fields has been considered to content that the copyright protection is urgently needed. This paper presents a watermarking scheme based on k-means++ for CAD design drawing. One CAD design drawing consists of several layers and each layer consists of various geometric objects such as LINE, POLYLINE, CIRCLE, ARC, 3DFACE and POLYGON. POLYLINE with LINE, 3DFACE and ARC that are fundamental objects make up the majority in CAD design drawing. Therefore, the proposed scheme selects the target object with high distribution among POLYLINE, 3DFACE and ARC objects in CAD design drawing and then selects layers that include the most target object. Then we cluster the target objects in the selected layers by using k-means++ and embed the watermark into the geometric distribution of each group. The geometric distribution is the normalized length distribution in POLYLINE object, the normalized area distribution in 3DFACE object and the angle distribution in ARC object. Experimental results verified that the proposed scheme has the robustness against file format converting, layer attack as well as various geometric editing provided in CAD editing tools.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.1214-1221
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• 2006

Header compression scheme is suggested as a solution to reduce the inefficient overhead of general packet stream data. Especially, it is shown that there are more overhead rate for real-time media stream links such as voice because of its short payload size, and it is possible to get higher bandwidth efficiency using the header compression scheme. There are two kinds of error recovery in header compression such as Periodic Header Refresh(PHR) and Header Request(HR) schemes. In this paper, we analyze the performance of these two compression recovery schemes, and some results such as the overhead rate, bandwidth gain and bandwidth efficiency(BE) are presented.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.34-45
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• 2012

In this paper, we proposed and modeled a video contents protection system based on the infectious information hiding(IIH) technique as using characteristics of biological viruses. Our proposed IIH System considered the requisite important information for video contents protection as the infectious virus, and suggested a new paradigm about video contents protection that transmitted infectious information from contents(host) or video CODECs(viral vector). Also, we modeled the Pathogen, Mutant and Contagion virus as the infectious information and defined technical tools about verification of infectious information, kernel based IIH, contents based IIH and creation/regeneration of infectious information as main techniques for our IIH system. Finally, through simulations that carried the infectious information by using conventional information hiding algorithms as kernel based and contents based IIH techniques, we verified possibilities of our proposed IIH system.