• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.75-79
• /
• 1999

Geo-features play a key role in object-oriented or feature-based geo-processing system. So the strategy for how-to-model and how-to-manage the geo-features builds the main architecture of the entire system and also supports the efficiency and functionality of the system. Unlike the conventional 2D geo-processing system, geo-features in 3B GIS have lots to be considered to model regarding the efficient manipulation and analysis and visualization. When the system is running on the Web, it should also be considered that how to leverage the level of detail and the level of automation of modeling in addition to the support for client side data interoperability. We built a set of 3D geo-features, and each geo-feature contains a set of aspatial data and 3D geo-primitives. The 3D geo-primitives contain the fundamental modeling data such as the height of building and the burial depth of gas pipeline. We separated the additional modeling data on the geometry and appearance of the model from the fundamental modeling data to make the table in database more concise and to allow the users more freedom to represent the geo-object. To get the users to build and exchange their own data, we devised a file format called VGFF 2.0 which stands for Virtual GIS File Format. It is to describe the three dimensional geo-information in XML(eXtensible Markup Language). The DTD(Document Type Definition) of VGFF 2.0 is parsed using the DOM(Document Object Model). We also developed the authoring tools for. users can make their own 3D geo-features and model and save the data to VGFF 2.0 format. We are now expecting the VGFF 2.0 evolve to the 3D version of SVG(Scalable Vector Graphics) especially for 3D GIS on the Web.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.222-228
• /
• 2001

Vibrio metschnikovii strain RH530 is a non-pathogenic, industrially-important alkaline protease producer which has been isolated from wastewater. In this paper, we report on the transformation of this strain by using the method of electroporation. A field strength of $7.5\;kVcm^{-1}$ and $25\;{\mu}F$, and using a 0.2-cm cuvette, appeared to be the optimal conditions for electroporation of the cells with the recombinant pSBCm plasmid carrying the vapK alkaline protease gene and the ColE1 replicon. Cells were subjected to osmotic shock in order to remove extracelluar DNase, and adding 200 mM of sucrose to electroporation buffer cells showed an increased transformation efficiency. Maximum efficiency of transformation was obtained at an early exponential growth phase. Using all of the conditions mentioned above, we routinely obtained a transformation efficiency of more than $10^4{({\mu}g\;plasmid\;DNA)}^{-1}$. The stability of the plasmid pSBCm in V. metschnikovii RH530 was 25% after 18h of growth (27 generations) in the medium without antibiotic selection. The insertion of the par locus to the pSBCm increased the stability of the plasmid up to 42% without selective pressure. The increase in plasmid stability was accompanied by the increase in the productivity of alkaline protease in the recombinant V. metschnikovii strain RH530. Determining optimal conditions for the transformation of the industrially-important, nonpathogenic Vibrio strain, and the improvement of plasmid stability by introducing the par locus into the high copy number plasmid vector, will allow the development of procedures involved in the genetic manipulation of this strain, particularly for its use in the production of industrial enzymes such as alkaline protease.

• 한국GIS학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국GIS학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 발표요약문
• /
• pp.47-51
• /
• 1999

Geo-features play a key role in object-oriented or feature-based geo-processing system. So the strategy for how-to-model and how-to-manage the geo-features builds the main architecture of the entire system and also supports the efficiency and functionality of the system. Unlike the conventional 2D geo-processing system, geo-features in 3D GIS have lots to be considered to model regarding the efficient manipulation and analysis and visualization. When the system is running on the Web, it should also be considered that how to leverage the level of detail and the level of automation of modeling in addition to the support for client side data interoperability. We built a set of 3D geo-features, and each geo-feature contains a set of aspatial data and 3D geo-primitives. The 3D geo-primitives contain the fundamental modeling data such as the height of building and the burial depth of gas pipeline. We separated the additional modeling data on the geometry and appearance of the model from the fundamental modeling data to make the table in database more concise and to allow the users more freedom to represent the geo-object. To get the users to build and exchange their own data, we devised a fie format called VGFF 2.0 which stands for Virtual GIS File Format. It is to describe the three dimensional geo-information in XML(extensible Markup Language). The DTD(Document Type Definition) of VGFF 2.0 is parsed using the DOM(Document Object Model). We also developed the authoring tools for users can make their own 3D geo-features and model and save the data to VGFF 2.0 format. We are now expecting the VGFF 2.0 evolve to the 3D version of SVG(Scalable Vector Graphics) especially for 3D GIS on the Web.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제44권12호
• /
• pp.793-798
• /
• 2011

Recently, pluripotency induction or cellular reprogramming by introducing critical transcription factors has been extensively studied, but has been demonstrated only in vitro. Based on reports that Oct4 is critically involved in transforming neural stem cells into pluripotent cells, we used the lentiviral vector to introduce the Oct4 gene into the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of adult mice. We examined whether this manipulation led to cellular or behavioral changes, possibly through processes involving the transformation of NS cells into pluripotent cells. The Oct4 lentivirus-infused group and the green fluorescent protein lentivirus-infused group showed a similar thickness of the DG and a comparable level of synaptophysin expression in the DG. Furthermore, our behavioral analyses did not show any differences between the groups concerning exploratory activity, anxiety, or memory abilities. This first trial for pluripotency induction in vivo, despite negative results, provides implications and information for future studies on in vivo cellular reprogramming.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
• /
• 제28권11호
• /
• pp.864-873
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 공개키 기반 등록기관의 사용자 신원 확인 기능의 안정성과 신뢰성 향상을 위한 방법으로 홍채인식 기술을 활용한 등록기관 시스템을 제시한다. 제안하는 시스템은 홍채 패턴의 처리 기능에 따라 홍채영상 획득, 홍채정보 등록, 홍채정보 검증의 세 개의 모듈로 구성되며, 각 모듈간의 등록 정보의 교환은 대칭키 암호 알고리즘으로 암호화를 해서 안전하게 송수신이 이루어진다. 홍채 패턴의 효율적 표상과 비교를 위한 홍채 특징 정보의 추출방법으로서는 웨이브렛 변환을 이용한 영상의 다중분할 과정을 통해 적은 차원의 정보를 추출하여 효과적인 특징벡터를 구성하는 방법을 사용한다. 적용된 홍채인식 방법에 대한 실험을 통해서, 생체인식 기술의 새로운 분야로의 적용 가능성을 살펴본다.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.491-497
• /
• 2021

An endolichenic fungus Xylaria grammica EL000614 produces grammicin, a potent nematicidal pyrone derivative that can serve as a new control option for root-knot nematodes. We optimized an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) protocol for X. grammica to support genetic studies. Transformants were successfully generated after co-cultivation of homogenized young mycelia of X. grammica with A. tumefaciens strain AGL-1 carrying a binary vector that contains the bacterial hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph) gene and the eGFP gene in T-DNA. The resulting transformants were mitotically stable, and PCR analysis showed the integratin of both genes in the genome of transformants. Expression of eGFP was confirmed via fluorescence microscopy. Southern analysis showed that 131 (78.9%) out of 166 transformants contained a single T-DNA insertion. Crucial factors for producing predominantly single T-DNA transformants include 48 h of co-cultivation, pretreatment of A. tumefaciens cells with acetosyringone before co-cultivation, and using freshly prepared mycelia. The established ATMT protocol offers an efficient tool for random insertional mutagenesis and gene transfer in studying the biology and ecology of X. grammica.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2022

최근 들어 강화 학습은 심층 신경망 기술과 결합되어 바둑, 체스와 같은 보드 게임, Atari, StartCraft와 같은 컴퓨터 게임, 로봇 물체 조작 작업 등과 같은 다양한 분야에서 매우 놀라운 성공을 거두었다. 하지만 이러한 심층 강화 학습은 행동, 상태, 정책 등을 모두 벡터 형태로 표현한다. 따라서 기존의 심층 강화 학습은 학습된 정책의 해석 가능성과 일반성에 제한이 있고, 도메인 지식을 학습에 효과적으로 활용하기도 어렵다는 한계성이 있다. 이러한 한계점들을 해결하기 위해 제안된 새로운 관계형 강화 학습 프레임워크인 dNL-RRL은 센서 입력 데이터와 행동 실행 제어는 기존의 심층 강화 학습과 마찬가지로 벡터 표현을 이용하지만, 행동, 상태, 그리고 학습된 정책은 모두 논리 서술자와 규칙들로 나타내는 관계형 표현을 이용한다. 본 논문에서는 dNL-RRL 관계형 강화 학습 프레임워크를 이용하여 제조 환경 내에서 운송용 모바일 로봇을 위한 행동 정책 학습을 수행하는 효과적인 방법을 제시한다. 특히 본 연구에서는 관계형 강화 학습의 효율성을 높이기 위해, 인간 전문가의 사전 도메인 지식을 활용하는 방안들을 제안한다. 여러 가지 실험들을 통해, 본 논문에서 제안하는 도메인 지식을 활용한 관계형 강화 학습 프레임워크의 성능 개선 효과를 입증한다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.73-75
• /
• 2013

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) [1] can now not only image individual atoms but also construct atom letters using atom manipulation method [2]. Therefore, the AFM is the second generation atomic tool following the well-known scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The AFM, however, has the advantages that it can image even insulating surfaces with atomic resolution and also measure the atomic force itself between the tip-apex outermost atom and the sample surface atom. Noting these advantages, we have been developing a novel bottom-up nanostructuring system, as shown in Fig. 1, based on the AFM. It can identify chemical species of individual atoms [3] and then manipulate selected atom species to the designed site one-by-one [2] to assemble complex nanostructures consisted of many atom species at room temperature (RT). In this invited talk, we will introduce our results toward atom-by-atom assembly of composite nanomaterials based on the AFM at RT. To identify chemical species, we developed the site-specific force spectroscopy at RT by compensating the thermal drift using the atom tracking. By converting the precise site-specific frequency shift curves, we obtained short-range force curves of selected Sn and Si atoms as shown in Fig. 2(a) and 2(b) [4]. Then using the atom-by-atom force spectroscopy at RT, we succeeded in chemical identification of intermixed three atom species in Pb/Sn/Si(111)-(${\surd}3$'${\surd}3$) surface as shown in Fig. 2(c) [3]. To create composite nanostructures, we found the lateral atom interchange phenomenon at RT, which enables us to exchange embedded heterogeneous atoms [2]. By combining this phenomenon with the modified vector scan, we constructed the atom letters "Sn" consisted of substitutional Sn adatoms embedded in Ge adatoms at RT as shown in Fig. 3(a)~(f) [2]. Besides, we found another kind of atom interchange phenomenon at RT that is the vertical atom interchange phenomenon, which directly interchanges the surface selected Sn atoms with the tip apex Si atoms [5]. This method is an advanced interchangeable single atom pen at RT. Then using this method, we created the atom letters "Si" consisted of substituted Si adatoms embedded in Sn adatoms at RT as shown in Fig. 4(a)~(f) [5]. In addition to the above results, we will introduce the simultaneous evaluation of the force and current at the atomic scale using the combined AFM/STM at RT.