• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.379-384
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• 2008

Purpose: Currently, using perforator artery flaps especially anterolateral thigh flaps are widely used for reconstruction of extremities, head and neck. Obtaining a precise anatomical picture prior to operation will translate to a more accurate, efficient and safe procedure. Authors used 3D-image work up via 64-slice MDCT to make a more precise preoperative plan. Methods: A total of 10 patients underwent soft tissue reconstruction with anterolateral thigh flap from December 2006 to December 2007. The 64-Channel MDCT (LightSpeed VCT, GE, USA) was used and 3D images were reconstructed. Findings from MDCT were applied to the preoperative planning and confirmed with intraoperative findings. Results: The average number of perforator arteries from lateral circumflex femoral artery was 2. The average lengths of vascular pedicle from the origin of lateral circumflex femoral artery to the first and second perforator artery were 11.0 cm and 20.0 cm, respectively. The average diameter of the pedicle artery was 2.2 mm. The locations of the perforator arteries were mapped and localized on the body surface based on the MDCT result. These were confirmed through direct visualization intraoperatively. Conclusion: MDCT has an advantage of obtaining accurate images of the general anatomy and even fine structures like perforator arteries. By using this state-of-the-art diagnostic imaging technique, it is now possible to make an operative plan safely and easily.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2009

Objective : Cerebral vasospasm leading to cerebral ischemic infarction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the patients who suffer with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite adequate treatment, some patients deteriorate and they develop symptomatic vasospasm. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and clinical outcome of intraarterial nimodipine infusion on symptomatic vasospasm that is refractory to hemodynamic therapy. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the procedure reports, the clinical charts and the transcranial doppler, computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography results for the patients who underwent endovascular treatment for symptomatic cerebral vasospasm due to aneurysmal SAH. During the 36 months between Jan. 2005 and Dec. 2007, 19 patients were identified who had undergone a total of 53 procedures. We assessed the difference in the arterial vessel diameter, the blood flow velocity and the clinical outcome before and after these procedures. Results : Vascular dilatation was observed in 42 of 53 procedures. The velocities of the affected vessels before and after procedures were available in 33 of 53 procedures. Twenty-nine procedures exhibited a mean decrease of 84.1 cm/s. We observed clinical improvement and an improved level of consciousness with an improved GCS score after 23 procedures. Conclusion : Based on our results, the use of intraarterial nimodipine is effective and safe in selected cases of vasospasm following aneurysmal SAH. Prospective, randomized studies are needed to confirm these results.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.130-133
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• 1986

아카시아 나무의 방제를 위하여 제초제의 처리약량을 줄이며 다른 수목(樹木)에는 피해를 주지 않는 선택적 방제법을 강구하고자 glyphosate와 2, 4-D를 아카시아 나무에 주사처리(注射處理)하여 경엽처리방법과 비교하여 그 방제효과(防除效果)를 검토하였다. 1. Glyphosate 1000~2000 ppm 단용(單用) 또는 2, 4-D 400ppm을 가용(加用)하여 경엽처리하였을 때 모든 처리농도에서 100% 방제되었으나 약제비산으로 인하여 아카시아나무 이외의 나무에도 피해가 발생하였다. 2. Glyphosate 3050ppm 3 ml, 6 ml 주사구(注射區)에서는 100% 방제되었고 2,4-D 1000ppm 3 ml 주사구(注射區)에서는 95%, 6ml 주사구(注射區)에서 100 % 방제되었다. 3. Glyphosate 1525ppm에 2,4-D 500ppm을 가용(加用)하여 주사(注射)했을 때는 아카시아 나무는 100% 방제되었다. 따라서 glyphosate와 2,4-D를 가용(加用)하여 주사처리(注射處理)하면 glyphosate 경엽처리에 비하여 1/64 정도의 약량, glyphosate 단독처리에 비해서는 1/16 정도의 약량으로 같은 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 4. 이상의 결과(結果)로 glyphosate를 주사처리(注射處理)하므로서 불필요한 아카시아 나무를 선택적으로 방제할 수 있었고 특히 glyphosate에 2,4-D를 가용(加用)하므로써 glyphosate의 약량을 더욱 감소시 킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 주사처리(朱射處理)에 의한 방제를 위해서는 수목(樹木)의 주간직경(注幹直徑)과 수령(樹齡)에 기초하여 약량(樂量) 및 주사량(注射量)을 결정한마면 소량의 약량(藥量)으로도 효과적(效果的)으로 수목(樹木)을 방제 할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.83-87
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• 1965

본시험은 수도 Pot 사경재배로 심경다비조건에서 수도의 형태변화를 일부 시기별로 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 모든시기에 있어서 엽위별마다 엽신장ㆍ엽신폭ㆍ엽신면적이 심경다비일수록 크게 나타냈다. (2) 출수후의 고엽정도는 심경다비일수록 적었다. (3) 예취기에 있어서 하부로부터의 제1신장절간직경(장경), 제2신장절간장은 심경다비일수록 크고 길다. 그리고 유관속수와 유관속면적도 심경다비일수록 많고 컸다. (4) 예취기에 있어서 지하부의 근수ㆍ평균근장ㆍ근중은 심경다비일수록 크게 나타냈다. 그리고 1근 mg당 근장은 심경다비일수록 기나 근장 1cm당근중은 심경다비일수록 오히려 가볍다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2019

We aimed to propose a novel computational approach to predict the electromechanical performance of pre- and post-mitral valve cerclage annuloplasty (MVCA). Furthermore, we tested a virtual estimation method to optimize the left ventricular basement tightening scheme using a pre-MVCA computer model. The present model combines the three-dimensional (3D) electromechanics of the ventricles with the vascular hemodynamics implemented in a lumped parameter model. 3D models of pre- and post-MVCA were reconstructed from the computed tomography (CT) images of two patients and simulated by solving the electromechanical-governing equations with the finite element method. Computed results indicate that reduction of the dilated heart chambers volume (reverse remodeling) appears to be dependent on ventricular stress distribution. Reduced ventricular stresses in the basement after MVCA treatment were observed in the patients who showed reverse remodeling of heart during follow up over 6 months. In the case who failed to show reverse remodeling after MVCA, more virtual tightening of the ventricular basement diameter than the actual model can induce stress unloading, aiding in heart recovery. The simulation result that virtual tightening of the ventricular basement resulted in a marked increase of myocardial stress unloading provides in silico evidence for a functional impact of MVCA treatment on cardiac mechanics and post-operative heart recovery. This technique contributes to establishing a pre-operative virtual rehearsal procedure before MVCA treatment by using patient-specific cardiac electromechanical modeling of pre-MVCA.

• 대한피부과학회지
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• 제56권10호
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• pp.631-635
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• 2018

Microvenular hemangioma (MVH) is a rare acquired benign vascular neoplasm, which presents commonly as a solitary purple-to-red nodule or plaque measuring approximately 10 mm in diameter. MVH occurs primarily on the extremities or the trunk. Most lesions are solitary, and multiple lesions are rare. Histopathological features of MVH include numerous, scattered, thin and irregularly branching small vessels in the dermis and endothelial cells without atypia. Owing to similarities in clinical morphology and histopathological features, MVH may often be indistinguishable from the early patch stage of Kaposi sarcoma. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis helps differentiate between the 2 diseases. The results of IHC tests in patients with MVH show positive staining for CD31 and smooth muscle actin and typically, negative staining for the human herpes virus 8 antigen. We report a rare case of multiple MVH clinically mimicking the early patch stage of Kaposi sarcoma in a 63-year-old woman who presented with a 3-year history of slowly growing, compressible, soft, bluish-purple macules and plaques on the trunk and right arm.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권12호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2018

Purpose: Transcatheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is challenging in early infancy. We evaluated PDA closure in infants less than 6 months old. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of infants less than 6 months of age who underwent attempted transcatheter device closure in our institution since 2004. To compare clinical outcomes between age groups, infants aged 6-12 months in the same study period were reviewed. Results: A total of 22 patients underwent transcatheter PDA closure during the study period. Patient mean age was $3.3{\pm}1.5months$, and weight was $5.7{\pm}1.3kg$. The duct diameter at the narrowest point was $3.0{\pm}0.8mm$ as measured by angiography. The most common duct type was C in the Krichenko classification. Procedural success was achieved in 19 patients (86.3%). Major complications occurred in 5 patients (22.7%), including device embolization (n=1), acquired aortic coarctation (n=2), access-related vascular injury requiring surgery (n=1), and acute deterioration requiring intubation during the procedure (n=1). Two patients had minor complications (9.1%). Twenty-four infants aged 6-12 months received transcatheter device closure. The procedural success rate was 100%, and there were no major complications. The major complication rate was significantly higher in the group less than 6 months of age (P=0.045). There was a trend toward increased major complication and procedural failure rates in the younger age group (P<0.01). Conclusion: A relatively higher incidence of major complications was observed in infants less than 6 months of age. The decision regarding treatment modality should be individualized.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the synergistic effect of adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on new bone formation and angiogenesis after 8 weeks of healing. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (n=28) were split into 2 groups according to the application of adjunctive HBO therapy: a group that received HBO therapy (HBO group [n=14]) and another group that did not receive HBO therapy (NHBO group [n=14]). Each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the type of bone graft material: a biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) subgroup and an Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-/epigallocatechin-3-gallate-coated BCP (mBCP) subgroup. Two identical circular defects with a 6-mm diameter were made in the right and left parietal bones of each rat. One defect was grafted with bone graft material (BCP or mBCP). The other defect was not grafted. The HBO group received 2 weeks of adjunctive HBO therapy (1 hour, 5 times a week). The rats were euthanized 8 weeks after surgery. The specimens were prepared for histologic analysis. Results: New bone (%) was higher in the NHBO-mBCP group than in the NHBO-BCP and control groups (P<0.05). Blood vessel count (%) and vascular endothelial growth factor staining (%) were higher in the HBO-mBCP group than in the NHBO-mBCP group (P<0.05). Conclusions: HBO therapy did not have a positive influence on bone formation irrespective of the type of bone graft material applied after 8 weeks of healing. HBO therapy had a positive effect on angiogenic activity.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2021

This study evaluated the species composition, diversity and phorophyte preference of epiphytes at the University of Port Harcourt located in southern part of Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to select sites representing major avenues in the three campuses (Abuja, Choba and Delta) of the University. Data were collected on species name of phorophytes, number of individuals, diameter at breast height (dbh) and height, and species/number of epiphytes present on them. The points/sections of attachment of epiphytes on phorophytes were also recorded. A total of eight species of epiphyte belonging to six families were recorded in the study. Species diversity was higher in Abuja campus (Simpson 1-D=0.81; Shannon H=1.79), followed by Choba campus (Simpson 1-D=0.73; Shannon H=1.09) and Delta campus (Simpson 1-D=0.56; Shannon H=0.93). Species richness was highest in Abuja campus (n=8) followed by Delta campus (n=4) and Choba campus (n=3). Similarity in epiphyte species composition was highest between Choba and Delta campuses (85.71%), followed by Delta and Abuja campuses (66.67%) and lowest between Choba and Abuja campuses (54.55%). The family-Polypodiaceae, had the highest number of species (n=3). Microgramma owariensis had the highest relative abundance (27%) followed by Platycerium bifurcatum (26%) while Tillandsia utriculata and Peperomia pellucida had the least relative abundance (3%). Epiphyte abundance was weakly correlated with both the dbh and height of phorophytes. However, epiphytes were more abundant on phorophytes with rough/scaly/corky/flaky barks than on those with smooth barks. The planting of avenue tree species with rough barks is recommended to enhance the diversity of epiphytes in the study area.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2022

Background: Anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps are versatile soft tissue flaps that have become the standard soft-tissue flaps used for head and neck reconstruction. They provide a long vascular pedicle, constant vessel diameter, abundant soft tissue coverage, and minimal donor site morbidity. The ALT flap was initially designed on the basis of a septocutaneous (SC) perforator. However, more recent research has shown that a substantial number of ALT flaps are now based on musculocutaneous (MC) perforators, and the ratio between MC and SC perforators varies among studies. In this study, we analyzed the perforating pattern of ALT flaps along with their clinical outcomes during head and neck reconstruction in the Korean population. Methods: From October 2016 to July 2020, 68 patients who had undergone an ALT flap procedure for head and neck reconstruction were enrolled retrospectively. The perforating pattern of the cutaneous perforator vessel (MC perforator/SC perforator/oblique branch), pedicle length, and flap size were analyzed intraoperatively. Patient demographics and flap necrosis rates were also calculated. Results: The highest number of cutaneous perforator vessels supplying the ALT flap were the MC perforators (87%). The proportion of MC perforators was significantly higher than that of the SC perforators and oblique branches. Flap necrosis occurred in seven cases (11.86%); sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, perforator course, and history of radiotherapy did not significantly affect flap necrosis. Conclusion: The ALT free flap procedure remains popular for reconstruction of the head and neck. In this study, we observed that the majority of cutaneous vessels supplying the flaps were MC perforators (87%). When using the MC perforator during flap elevation, careful dissection of the perforator is required to achieve successful ALT flaps because intramuscular dissection is difficult. Perforator pattern and history of radiotherapy did not affect flap necrosis.