• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2019

Objectives Suicide is a complex phenomenon not only caused by the individual's mental illness and economic situation, but also occurred in sociocultural contexts and relationships around the individual. Therefore, the attitudes, which include collective norms, thoughts and feelings of a population, toward suicide play a fundamental role in the prevention of suicide. Factor structure of Attitudes Toward Suicide (ATTS), developed by Renberg, is also various in different sociocultural contexts. This is the first study to investigate factor structure of ATTS along with nationwide sample of Korean adults. Methods This study analyzed the factor structure and reliability of ATTS in 1500 regionally stratified Korean adults. Exploratory factor analysis was performed by using principal axis factoring and varimax rotation. Results The selection of 33 ATTS items based on internal consistency and communality was conducted. Five factors were analyzed, which were named 'Good reason,' 'Negative gaze,' 'Predictability,' 'Means of escape,' and 'Common secret,' respectively. Explained total variance was 41.94%, and the internal consistency ranged from 0.516 to 0.740. Conclusions Each of the five factors contains different semantic dimensions. Consistent with previous studies, factors containing permissive attitude toward suicide was high in those with history of suicidal thought and of suicide attempt. It is notable that the 'Good reason' showed higher score in elderly. This may be related to socioeconomic or physical adversities which have been considered the major cause of suicide in elderly.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.26
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• pp.405-444
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• 2012

This paper is based on the view that film should be conceived as a form of cultural practice whose meaning is always in the process of being produced within diverse socio-cultural contexts and aims to examine the ways in which the meaning of Korean film is (re)mediated or received in diverse cultural contexts outside the country. In this paper, we employ two theoretical grounds. Firstly, it positions itself in line with the audience studies within the field of cultural studies where the audience is conceived as active agents who produce the meaning of a popular culture text. The recruitment of the theoretical propositions from the audience studies enables recognition of the significance of the reception in film practice which recently seems to be oriented on production and distribution. Secondly, we conceive transnationality of film as that which is being produced in the process of transaction between the film and the audience, that is to say, transnationality is a form of discourse that emerges upon cultural interaction. The empirical work involves examination of a set of reviews of four films--Chihwaseon, Oldboy, Thirt, Poety--that have been published in daily newspapers and some popular film magazines in the U. S., the U. K. and France. Through the analysis of the film reviews, we identify four interpretive schemes or rather discourses recruited via which the Korean films are approached and understood: auteurism, formalism, universal themes, emotional response. We propose that these four kinds of discourse provide a common ground for the audience from different cultural backgrounds to understand Korean film. Furthermore, we also suggest that transnationality of Korean cinema needs to be reconsidered in terms of the reception as the audience from different socio-cultural backgrounds should be understood as active agents who are capable of engaging in Korean cultural texts such as film in their own way producing various meanings and these are also constituent of the meaning of the cultural texts.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.109-133
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• 2022

Episodic memory consists of a core event and the associated contexts. Although the role of the hippocampus and its neighboring regions in contextual representations during encoding has become increasingly evident, it remains unclear how these regions handle various context-specific information other than spatio-temporal contexts. Using high-resolution functional MRI, we explored the patterns of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and cortical regions' involvement during the encoding of various types of contextual information (i.e., journalism principle 5W1H): "Who did it?," "Why did it happen?," "What happened?," "When did it happen?," "Where did it happen?," and "How did it happen?" Participants answered six different contextual questions while looking at simple experimental events consisting of two faces with one object on the screen. The MTL was divided to sub-regions by hierarchical clustering from resting-state data. General linear model analyses revealed a stronger activation of MTL sub-regions, the prefrontal lobe (PFC), and the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) during social (Who), behavioral (How), and intentional (Why) contextual processing when compared with spatio-temporal (Where/When) contextual processing. To further investigate the functional networks involved in contextual encoding dissociation, a multivariate pattern analysis was conducted with features selected as the task-based connectivity links between the hippocampal subfields and PFC/IPL. Each social, behavioral, and intentional contextual processing was individually and successfully classified from spatio-temporal contextual processing, respectively. Thus, specific contexts in episodic memory, namely social, behavior, and intention, involve distinct functional connectivity patterns that are distinct from those for spatio-temporal contextual memory.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.48-63
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• 2024

This study aims to develop a class procedure for the application of classrooms that value context and to conduct science classes using this procedure to examine the effects. Among various contexts related to scientific knowledge, the study develops a teaching procedure for designing classes that focus on the contexts of discovery and real life. After verifying the content validity of the context-based design and the program to which it was applied, a class was conducted, and the responses of the children were checked. The final draft of the lesson design completed after revision and supplementation is as follows: context-based design was presented in four stages, namely, presenting, exploring the context, adapting the context, and organizing (share and synthesizing; PEAS). The goal is to enable people to experience the overall flow of scientific knowledge instead of focusing on the acquisition of fragmentary knowledge by covering a wide range of topics from the social and historical contexts in which scientific knowledge was created to its use in real life. To aid in understanding the newly proposed class procedure and verifying its effectiveness, we developed a program by selecting the "My Fun Exploration," 2. Biology and Environment unit of the second semester of the fifth grade. The result indicated that the elementary science program that applied the context-centered design effectively improved the self-directed learning ability of students. In addition, the effect was especially notable in terms of intrinsic motivation. As the students experienced the contexts of discovery and real life related to scientific knowledge, they developed the desire to actively participate in science learning. As this becomes an essential condition for deriving active learning effects, a virtuous cycle in which meaningful learning can occur has been created. Based on the implications, developing programs that apply context-based design to various areas and contents will be possible.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.444-454
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper was to identify and compare the underlying design theory of contemporary European and Japanese fashion designers by using the qualitative research method of grounded theory developed by Glaser and Strauss (1967) and Glaser (1978). In this research, four fashion sites-Paris, Milan, London and Tokyo-were selected. The researcher stayed in each site for a period of two to three weeks for the purpose of data collection. A total of 60 fashion designers, educators, students and journalists were interviewed. 53 open-ended design questionnaires were returned by fashion designers and students. 19 on-site observations of fashion designers and educators were done. Grounded theories of fashion designers were synthesized from in-depth interviews, participant observations and questionnaire surveys of fashion designers, students and educators. The results of theory-building research suggested that there were significant differences between the grounded design theories of European and Japanese fashion designers due to their various cultural contexts.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.1
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• pp.229-268
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• 1997

Recently, object-oriented concepts and technology are on the leading edge of programming language and database systems research, and their usefulness in those contexts has been successfully demonstrated. The adoption of object-oriented concept to the design of model bases has several benefits. From the perspectives of object-oriented approach, models in a model base are viewed as object which encapsulate their states and behaviors. This paper focuses on the design of an object-oriented model base that handles various resources of DSS(data, knowledge, models, solvers) in a unified fashion. For the design of a model base, we adopted Object Modeling Techniques(OMT). An object model of OMT can be used for the conceptual design of an overall model base schema. The object model of OMT provides several advantages over the conventional approaches in model base design. The main advantage are model reuse, hierarchical model construction, model sharing, meta-modeling, and unified model object management.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06c
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• pp.364-367
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• 1994

In this paper, we carried out some experiments on the Korean vowel recognition using the fractal dimension of the speech signals. We chose the Mincowski-Bouligand dimensioni as the fractal dimension, and computed it using the morphological covering method. For our experiments, we used both the fractal dimension and the LPC cepstrum which is conventionally known to be one of the best parameters for speech recognition, and examined the usefulness of the fractal dimension. From the vowel recognition experiments under various consonant contexts, we achieved the vowel recognition error rats of 5.6% and 3.2% for the case with only LPC cepstrum and that with both LPC cepstrum and the fractal dimension, respectively. The results indicate that the incorporation of the fractal dimension with LPC cepstrum gies more than 40% reduction in recognition errors, and indicates that the fractal dimension is a useful feature parameter for speech recognition.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the English l sound in an English short story produced by 16 Korean students in order to determine various allophones of the sound using acoustic visual displays and perceptual judgments. The subjects read the story in a quiet office at normal speed. Each word included the lateral sound in onset or coda positions and before a vowel of the following word. Results showed as follows: Firstly, there was a durational difference between the two major groups. Also the majority of the subjects produced the clear l regardless of the contexts. Some students produced the sound as the Korean flap or the English glide [r]. A few missing cases were also seen. The dark l was mostly produced by the subjects of English majors in coda position with a few cases before a vowel in a phrase. Visual displays using the computer analysis were very helpful in distinguishing lateral variants but sometimes perceptual process would be necessary to judge them in fast and weak production of the target word. Further studies would be desirable to test the discrepancies between the acoustical and perceptual decisions.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.291-299
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• 2013

Most sentiment analysis systems count the number of occurrences of sentiment expressions in a text, and evaluate the text by summing polarity values of extracted sentiment expressions. However, linguistic contexts of the expressions should be taken into account in order to analyze sentimental orientation of the text meticulously. Korean auxiliary predicates affect meaning of the main verb or adjective in some ways while attached to it in their usage. In this paper, we introduce a new approach that handles Korean auxiliary predicates in the light of sentiment analysis. We classify the auxiliary predicates according to their strength of impact on sentiment polarity values. We also define compositional rules of auxiliary predicates to update polarity values when the predicates appear along with sentiment expressions. This approach is implemented to a sentiment analysis system to extract opinions about a specific individual from review documents which were collected from various web sites. An experimental result shows approximately 72.6% precision and 52.7% recall for correctly detecting sentiment expressions from a text.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.157-173
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• 2004

The paper discusses the phenomenon of mathematical giftedness, especially manifested at early stages of life of future outstanding mathematicians, taken in its socio-cultural context. The authors suggest that the images of mathematical giftedness are formed differently in various cultural contexts and thus can imply different settings of the educational institutions that can accordingly ignore, encourage, or restrain the students considered gifted. The paper focuses on the cases of traditional mathematics in several Asian countries (China, Vietnam, and Japan) and of modem mathematics in Soviet Union/Russia in order to provide examples of different patterns of forming the image of mathematical giftedness and of the corresponding educational approaches.