• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.47-71
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• 2005

최근 국내에서는 폭력사건이 크게 증가함에 따라, 범죄행위를 계층간의 갈등이나 비행환경으로 인한 영향으로 해석하려는 사회학적인 원인론보다 범죄자 개인의 역동적인 심리로서 해명하고자 하는 추세가 현저하게 증가하고 있다. 이 같은 추세를 반영하여 본 연구에서는 범죄행위를 사회적인 현상으로보다는 개인적인 문제로 간주하고 심리학적인 이론을 범죄행위에 적용하여 보고자 시도하였다. 공격성을 폭력행위의 기본적인 심리성향으로 간주하고, 공격성을 측정하는 도구로 알려진 BPAQ로 측정된 공격성향과 폭력적인 범죄력간의 관련성을 탐색하였다. 한편 BPAQ의 교차문화 타당도 역시 확인하였는데, 이는 하위문화나 사회계층에 따라 공격행동의 표현양태나 경험방식이 다를 수 있다는 이론적 가설을 확인하기 위해서였다. 변량분석과 인과모형분석 결과, 한국판 BPAQ 단축형은 상당히 만족할만한 수준의 교차문화 타당도를 지녔으며, 국내 범법자들의 폭력행위에 대한 설명력도 적절한 수준인 것으로 확인되었다. 부가적으로 BPAQ의 하위요인들에 대한 내적 구조를 확인적 요인 분석하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.340-350
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to construct a quality of life (QOL) model for recipients of a liver transplant. Method: In consideration of the main factors influencing QOL in recipient of liver transplants, a hypothetical model was constructed with 16 paths. A questionnaire was used to collect data from recipients of liver transplants who were being followed at one of 3 university hospitals. For the final analysis, there were 189 completed questionnaires and the hypothetical model was verified through covariance structure using LISREL program. Results: Overall fitness indices of hypothetical model were GFI= .99, AGFI= .97, NNFI= .96 and RMR=.020. After considering modification indices and paths that proved not to be significant and to improve model fitness, the hypothetical model was modified. In the final model, 3 paths from the hypothetical model were excluded. Overall fitness indices of the final model were GFI= .99, AGFI= .98, NNFI= .98 and RMR= .020. Eleven of fifteen paths proved to be significant. QOL was influenced by duration after transplantation, perceived health status, self-esteem, uncertainty, social support, self efficacy and depression and these variables explained 65% of the variance. Conclusion: This study presents a theoretical model for QOL for recipients of a liver transplant. Based on the results of this study and to improve QOL for recipients of a liver transplant, it is suggested that interventions to re-enforce self efficacy and self-help are needed.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2010

Genetic variation was surveyed at the mitochondrial control region (766bp) to test for the presence of genetic stock structure in the small yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis from the Yellow and East China Seas. Individuals of the small yellow croaker could not be distinguished on the basis of its location, as demonstrated using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method, unweighted pair-group method, arithmetic average (UPGMA) and the minimum spanning network (MSN). Analysis of molecular variance revealed no significant differences among collections of the small yellow croaker taken from the four locations (two locations each in Korea and China). Neutrality tests and a mismatch distribution analysis indicated that this species has recently expanded. Our findings suggest either that the small yellow croaker has a high migration capability that enables it to overcome the effects of genetic drift, or that this species expanded relatively recently and has not yet had sufficient time to differentiate.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.330-340
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the level of Korean elderly's knowledge regarding concepts of end-of-life (EOL), Life-sustaining-treatment (LST), and advance directives (AD) which are critical aspects for establishing AD in Korean society. Methods: A questionnaire survey was done between October 2011 and February 2012. Knowledge of AD was evaluated with 3 aspects including EOL, LST, and AD utilizing a questionnaire that was developed by authors for the study. Data were collected from 268 community dwelling elderly from three cities and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and a Scheffe post hoc test with SAS Ver. 9.1 program. Results: Overall, Korean elderly were poorly acquainted with AD related concepts. Significant differences in awareness of AD including understanding of EOL, the level of comprehension of LST, and knowledge about AD were revealed by gender, education level, economic state, and acquaintance with terms of AD or LST. Conclusion: To acknowledge autonomy and support quality of life for elderly and to meet the purpose of AD, attention should be given to target populations including elderly in terms of knowledge level related to AD, social marketing, and infra structure relevant to practice AD in our society.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1072-1080
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• 2005

Purpose: This paper was conducted to test the reliability and validity of rd-SLS, developed by Podsakoff, et al. (1993) which measured 'substitutes for leadership'. Method: The subjects were 345 nurses in 5 general hospitals. Cronbach's and the Guttman split-half coefficient were used to test the reliability of rd-SLS. Factor analysis, and the correlations of the rv-SLS and SLS with rd-SLS were used for convergent and discriminant validity. Result: Cronbach's data was 0.76 and the Guttman split-half coefficient was 0.52. Twelve factors evolved by factor analysis, which explained $70.4\%$ of the total variance. This result was similar to previous study results. However, 'Indifference toward organizational rewards'-related items were classified two factors. It was not clear t hat the rd-SLS consisted of 13 concepts(factors). The correlations of the rv-SLS and SLS with the rd-SLS were 0.93 and 0.87 respectively. Conclusion: The rd-SLS showed a moderate degree of validity and reliability. Thus, it is recommended to use the rd-SLS in general nursing organizations for screening for leadership substitutes. In addition, it is necessary to clarify the concept of organizational rewards. In a further study, the factor structure of the rd-SLS may be considered.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2004

일반적으로 작은 구조의 신경 회로망은 좋은 일반화 성능을 나타내지만 원하는 학습 목표까지 학습하기가 어려운 경향이 있다. 반면에 큰 구조의 신경 회로망은 학습 데이터는 쉽게 배우지만 일반화 성능이 좋지 않은 경향이 있다. 따라서 좋은 일반화 성능을 얻기 위한 일반적인 방법은 학습이 되는 한도 내에서 최소 구조의 신경 회로망 즉 최적 구조 신경 회로망을 찾는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 가중치의 제곱과 뉴런 출력의 분산의 곱으로 정의되는 임팩트 팩터(ImF: Impact Factor)를 이용한 새로운 연결 소거 알고리즘을 제안한다. 그리고 함수 근사화 문제에 적용하여 제안된 방법이 효율적임을 보인다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2004

고음질 합성을 하면서도 다양한 음색을 갖도록 하기 위해서는 파형부호화를 이용한 합성법에 적용할 수 있는 피치 변경법이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 스펙트럼 왜곡률을 최소화하는 영교차 단위의 시간축 조절에 의한 피치 변경법과 피치 동기분석이 용이하고 다른 영역으로의 변환과정이 불필요한 피치시점 검출법을 제안함으로써 고음질을 유지하면서 시간영역에서만 처리됨으로써 계산량을 줄이고 스펙트럼 왜곡률을 최소화하고 위상을 그대로 보존할 수 있는 시간영역에서의 피치 변경법을 제안하였다. 결과적으로 전체 피치 변경율에 대해서는 기존의 방법에 비해서 제안한 방법의 스펙트럼 왜곡률이 0.73%개선되었고 피치 압축시에는 제안한 방법의 스펙트럼 왜곡율이 2.18%개선되었다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.55-72
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• 1996

일반적으로 타이어 제조공학에 있어서 측정되는 자료는 여러개의 설계인자와 성능 특성치가 사용된 다변량 자료행렬로 주어지는데, 이러한 자료행렬의 중요한 특성중의 하나는 각 반응값들이 서로 다른 것들과 높은 상관관곌르 가질 수 있다는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 복잡한 성격을 갖는 자료행렬의 분석에 적합한 biplot 작성의 수학적 이론을 알아보고, 또한 각 변수들의 구조적 특성 및 내재한 상호 관련성을 다변량 분산분석 biplot과 다반응치 희귀모형 biplot을 이용하여 포괄적으로 고찰하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.587-594
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide researchers with a simplified approach to undertaking exploratory factor analysis for the assessment of construct validity. Methods: All articles published in 2010, 2011, and 2012 in Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing were reviewed and other relevant books and articles were chosen for the review. Results: In this paper, the following were discussed: preliminary analysis process of exploratory factor analysis to examine the sample size, distribution of measured variables, correlation coefficient, and results of KMO measure and Bartlett's test of sphericity. In addition, other areas to be considered in using factor analysis are discussed, including determination of the number of factors, the choice of rotation method or extraction method of the factor structure, and the interpretation of the factor loadings and explained variance. Conclusion: Content validity is the degree to which elements of an assessment instrument are relevant to and representative of the targeted construct for a particular assessment purpose. This measurement is difficult and challenging and takes a lot of time. Factor analysis is considered one of the strongest approaches to establishing construct validity and is the most commonly used method for establishing construct validity measured by an instrument.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.630-641
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to construct a model which explains drug misuse behaviors in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The design of this research is a cross-sectional study using structure equation modeling. The hypothetical model consisted of two types of variables: the exogenous variables of health status, cognitive ability, and negative emotion, and the endogenous variables of number of drugs, and drug misuse behaviors. The data collection was conducted from September 2 to September 21, 2013 through self-report questionnaires. Participants were 320 community-dwelling adults over the age of 65 living in J city. Data were analyzed with SPSS 21.0 program and Amos 18.0 program. Results: The results of the model fitness analysis were satisfied. The predictor variables for the hypothetical model explained 62.3% of variance regarding drug misuse behaviors. Drug misuse behaviors were directly affected by health status, cognitive ability, negative emotion and number of drugs and indirectly affected by health status, and negative emotion through number of drugs. Conclusion: These findings indicate factors that should be used in developing effective nursing interventions for safe and proper drug use and the prevention of drug misuse behaviors in community-dwelling older adults.