• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2020

This study seeks to analyze the effect of Non-Performing Loans and Capital Adequacy Ratio on Return on Assets on ten conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI-IDX). This study uses secondary panel data for 2015-2019 in the form of CAR and NPL values from ten conventional banks listed on the BEI-IDX during the 2020 observation period. The research approach is quantitative descriptive with data analysis methods, namely, linear regression. The testing phase of this study includes: transform value, F-test, T-test and hypothesis test with significancy level sig < 0.05. The results of this study reveal that Non-Performing Loans had a significant negative effect (t = -2,637) (0.011 <0.0) on Return on Assets, while Capital Adequacy Ratio has no significant effect on ROA (0.760 > 0.05). R2 value is 0.128 or 12.8%. It has a significant effect on variables, calling efforts by banks, governments, and authorities monetary of related institutions to maintain the stability of finance. The reduction of Non-Performing Loan impacts on assets and capital adequacy ratio, besides, the normal NPL will control the stability of finance. If a balance is created either in the form of values or amounts of the variables, the reduction in Non-Performing Loans will be controlled.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.89-106
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• 2007

This paper diagnoses the financial knowledge of the college students and their values on financial situation. Another emphasis is given to the classification of surveyed college students based on their financial knowledge and values and the financial traits of each classified group is also analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted using Cronbach's ${\partial}$, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test with total number of 733 questionnaires. Primary results of the research are as follows: First, overall score of financial knowledge was 62.65 points, showing the highest points in spending while lowest in savings and investment. Senior classes, students majoring in liberal arts, students with financial education and media experiences scored high points. Second, overall score of college students on financial values was 3.92, resulting in high points on credit and frugality but points on sharing with others were low. Thirdly, all surveyed students were classified into 4 types based on the mean scores on financial knowledges and values. Total 31.7% of students belonged to Type 1 where students scored high points on financial knowledge and values. Type 2 had about 22.4 % of students whose financial score was high but value score was low. Type 3 occupied 24.2% and this group scored low points on financial knowledge but high points on financial values. Type 4 occupied 21.8% and was a group of students whose scores for financial knowledge and values were low. Finally, Type 1 and 3 groups showed better desirable behaviors for financial management and expressed higher satisfaction status for finance than Type 2 and 4. Type 1 is a group of students whose subjective financial level was high. Monthly income was highest in Type 2 and financial stress was lowest in Type 1.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2022

The purpose of the study is to look into the likelihood of private sector enterprises going bankrupt due to COVID-19 pandemic-related issues. The data for this study was taken from the World Bank's Enterprise Survey, which was intended to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the business sector. This study uses the Ordinal Logit Method to analyze the model with dependent variables having ordinal values. The determinants reflect business performance, innovation, business relationships, and government support. According to the estimation results, a lower probability of business closures, illiquidity, and payment delays are found in businesses that maintain sales growth, operating hours, temporary workers, product portfolio, consumer demand, and input supply. Meanwhile, the increase in online business activities and receiving support from financial institutions and the government do not help businesses reduce the risk. Moreover, higher survival is found in manufacturing and developing countries. This implies the fragility of businesses in the retail and service sectors, especially for mega-enterprises in developed countries. In addition, the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on businesses in Europe and West Asia is less severe than in other regions. The results imply policies to support the private sector during the pandemic, such as increasing labor market flexibility or rapidly implementing supportive policies.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.159-185
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 노무현 정부의 복지재정분권정책에 따른 지방정부의 사회복지재정의 실태를 분석하고 정책적 개선방안을 제시했다. 노무현 정부 기간 동안 지방정부 재정에서 차지하는 사회복지지출이 크게 늘어났으며 이로 인해 지방자치단체에서 부담해야 하는 사회복지지출 또한 크게 늘어났다. 지방재정에서 사회복지지출이 차지하는 비중이 크게 늘어난 이유는 중앙정부가 사회복지정책을 크게 확장하면서 지방정부의 부담도 같은 수준으로 늘어난 것과, 재정분권을 추진하면서 신설한 중앙정부에서 지방정부로 교부되는 분권교부세가 너무 낮게 책정되었기 때문이다. 또 다른 변화는 지방정부의 사회복지비 부담이 늘어나면서 자치구 간에 수평적 재정불균등이 나타났다. 이러한 문제점들을 해소하기 위해서는 중앙정부와 지방정부간 재정관계를 재정비하고, 급증하는 지방의 사회복지욕구를 반영하기 위해 지방교부세 제도의 복지기능을 강화하고, 2010년에 보통교부세로 전환되는 분권교부세도 보완될 필요가 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.315-328
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• 2021

본 연구는 최근 1년 이내 생명보험을 가입한 경험이 있는 25-54세 성인소비자 1,500명을 보험 필요성 인식 수준에 따라 필요성 인식 상위, 중위, 하위의 3개 집단으로 유형화하고, 유형별로 보험 및 금융에 대한 인식 및 사회경제적 가치 인식에 차이가 있는지를 실증하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 보험 및 금융관련 전반적 인식 요인, 보유 보험 개수, 보험 만족도 이외에 사회경제적 가치인식 요인의 영향력을 확인하고자 하였다. 보험 및 금융관련 전반적 인식 요인은 '보험을 전문관리 및 재테크 수단으로 인식', '자기주도적 보험 설계 및 가입', '보험에 대한 경제적 부담 인식'으로 구분되었고 사회경제적 가치 인식 요인은 '사회경제적 자족감', '워라밸 가치추구', '경제적 가치추구'로 구분되었다. 보험 필요성 인식 상위집단을 준거집단으로 필요성을 보다 높게 인식하는데 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하였다. 특히 중위집단에 가장 영향을 미치는 요인은 보험을 전문관리 재테크 상품으로 인식하는 것이었으며, 상위집단은 워라밸 가치추구 요인인 것으로 나타났다. 두 번째로 영향을 미치는 요인은 두 집단 모두 자기주도적 보험 설계 및 가입 요인이었다. 향후 보험 가입율 증진을 위해 워라밸 가치 추구를 위해 보험이 필수적인 상품으로 인식될 수 있도록 교육, 소통해야 하며 소비자들이 스스로 정보를 탐색하고 상품을 비교할 수 있는 정보탐색 여건의 지속적인 개선이 보험시장 활성화를 위해 중요한 요소일 것이다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.69-92
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the baby boomers' perception of and preparation for their successful aging. Seven women and three men were interviewed with the use of an unstructured questionnaire. Their perceptions of their likelihood of future successful aging were not negative, and were influenced by a range of considerations that included health, leisure, finance, volunteer services, family relationships, and elderly life without children's supports. They tried to prepare several kinds of sports, leisure activities, and volunteer services for their elderly life. However, their reasons for preparing these activities varied, and the background of their differences consisted of the family background, personal values, and experiences. Moreover, men and women responded differently to their personal experiences as they related to their elderly life. Women were likely to match their family relationship with their perception and preparation for successful aging, and men were not.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2018

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is one of the strategies for managing firms' business activities but may have heterogeneity depending on ownership structures. This study investigates the association between group-affiliation and CSR activities. Drawing on a theory from the prior research, this study predicts that group-affiliated firms are less likely to invest on CSR activities. For instance, prior research finds that controlling shareholders expropriate the values of minority shareholders. As one of the motivations of investing on CSR activities is the harmonization among the stakeholders, it leads to the prediction that firms controlled by large shareholders are less likely to engage in CSR activities. Second, group-affiliated firms under poor financial performance benefit from other group members through sharing their financial resources. Thus, there is less incentive for managers of group-affiliated firms to increase their financial performance by conducting CSR. By leveraging firms listed in Korean stock market and CSR score from Korea Economic Justice Institute, the result shows that the group-affiliation is negatively related to CSR activities. The result is consistent in case of applying propensity score-matched sample. Based on the findings of this study, this paper contributes to the related literature by showing the significant association between group-affiliation and CSR decisions.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate what selection attributes of customer value are more crucial when consumers choose the dessert at convenience store, which is the fastest growing retail format in Korea recently. Factors considered to be important when customers buy dessert, such as economics, diversity, convenience, and safety were examined and also relationship between customer value and satisfaction was analyzed. The survey was conducted through online (including SNS) from April 6, 2019 to April 30, 2019. A total of 303 questionnaires were used for empirical analysis. Factor analysis was performed to verify the validity and reliability of the measured variables. And the structural equation model (SEM) was used as a statistical method for hypothesis testing. As a result, factors as 'diversity', 'safety' were revealed to significantly affect hedonic customer value, while 'convenience' was shown to affect utilitarian customer value significantly. In addition, the path that customer value leads to satisfaction was also found to be significant. The result of the study suggests that selection attributes of convenience store dessert and providing meaningful implications of related hedonic and utilitarian values when customers purchase dessert at convenience store. This study provided practical implications for managers of the fiercely competitive dessert industry.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.203-215
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• 2022

Bayesian Networks are multivariate probabilistic factor graphs that are used to assess underlying factor relationships. From January 2005 to December 2018, the study examines how Dynamic Bayesian Networks can be utilized to estimate portfolio risk and return as well as determine inter-factor relationships among reversal profit-generating components in Pakistan's emerging market (PSX). The goal of this article is to uncover the factors that cause reversal profits in the Pakistani stock market. In visual form, Bayesian networks can generate causal and inferential probabilistic relationships. Investors might update their stock return values in the network simultaneously with fresh market information, resulting in a dynamic shift in portfolio risk distribution across the networks. The findings show that investments in low net profit margin, low investment, and high volatility-based designed portfolios yield the biggest dynamical reversal profits. The main triggering aspects related to generation reversal profits in the Pakistan market, in the long run, are net profit margin, market risk premium, investment, size, and volatility factor. Investors should invest in and build portfolios with small companies that have a low price-to-earnings ratio, small earnings per share, and minimal volatility, according to the most likely explanation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.741-750
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• 2021

The budget deficit is closely related to expansionary fiscal policy as a fiscal instrument to encourage economic growth. This study aims to apply optimal control theory in the Keynesian macroeconomic model for the economy, so that optimal growth can be found. Macroeconomic variables include GDP, consumption, investment, exports, imports, and budget deficit as control variables. This study uses secondary data in the form of time series, the time period 1990 to 2018. Performing optimal control will result in optimal fiscal policy. The optimal determination is done through simulation, for the period 2019-2023. The discrete optimal control problem is to minimize the objective function in the form of a quadratic function against the deviation of the state variable and control variable from the target value and the optimal value. Meanwhile, the constraint is Keynes' macroeconomic model. The results showed that the optimal value of macroeconomic variables has a deviation from the target values consisting of: consumption, investment, exports, imports, GDP, and budget deficit. The largest deviation from the average during the simulation occurs in GDP, followed by investment, exports, and the budget deficit. Meanwhile, the lowest average deviation is found in imports.