• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2012

This paper proposes a method for evaluating web pages by considering implicit user reaction on web pages. Usually users spend more time and make more reactions, such as clicking, dragging and scrolling, while reading interesting pages. Based on this observation, a web page evaluation method by observing implicit user reaction is proposed. The system is designed with Ajax for observing user reactions, and neural networks for learning correlation between user reactions and usefulness of pages. The amounts of each type of user reactions are inputted to neural networks. Also the numbers of characters and images of pages are used as inputs because the amount of users' behaviors has a tendency to increase as the length of pages increase. The experiment is conducted with 113 people and 74 pages. Each page is ranked by users with a questionnaire. The proposed method shows more close ranking results to the user ranks than Google. That is, our system evaluates web pages more closely to users' viewpoint than Google. Although our experiment is limited, our result shows powerful potential of new element for web page evaluation. Some approaches evaluate web pages with their contents and some evaluate web pages with structural attributes, particularly links, of pages. Web page evaluation is for users, so the best evaluation can be done by users themselves. So, user feedback is one of the most important factors for web page evaluation. This paper proposes a new method which reflects user feedbacks on web pages.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.21 no.8
• /
• pp.1348-1355
• /
• 1997

Machine element design is a very important course in the undergraduate program of mechanical engineering in that it presents traditional design concepts. While computer aided design(CAD) receives more attention, students tend to ignore the machine element design or traditional design concepts. However, design methodologies related to machine elements are utilized quite often in practical fields. Also, design methodologies provide good insight for the decision making process of modern design. Generally, CAD is used for simple drafting without the real design process in the undergraduate program. Design software has been developed for various machine elements. Through menu display, a user can select or furnish the design input such as design objects, dimensions, environmental forces and usages, and safety factors. Then the software carries out the design processes which are the same as those of textbooks. The result of the design is filtered to have the values in the standards. The designed machine element is drawn via commercial CAD software. The software has been developed with C language on a personal computer. The developed software is being utilized successfully in a design course, and the experiences are discussed in this paper. The software can be used in industries which require the repeated process of the machine element design.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2004

Adaptive finite element analysis, in which its solution error meets with the user defined allowable error, is recently used to improve the reliability of finite element analysis results. This adaptive analysis is composed of two procedures; one is the error estimation of an analysis result and the other is the reconstruction of finite elements. In the (p-method, an element size is controlled by relocating of nodal positions (r-method) and the order of an element shape function is determined by the hierarchical polynomial (p-method) corresponding to the clement solution error by the enhanced SPR. In order to show the effectiveness and the accuracy of the suggested rp-method, various numerical examples were analyzed and these analysis results were examined by comparing with those obtained by the existed methods.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2018

This study is intended to suggest an improvement scheme of activating container multiplex cultural space through an analysis of container architecture characteristics and a survey of user satisfaction, focusing on container multiplex cultural space located in Seoul city. Hence, the elements of multiplex cultural space and the characteristics of container architecture were deduced and analyzed through precedent study and literature review relating to multiplex cultural space and container architecture, and then an analysis framework was established with items to measure the user satisfaction. Based on this, a questionnaire was created, and users were surveyed through on-site visit. The results of analyzing the container multiplex cultural space users' satisfaction are as follows. First, in order to increase user satisfaction, it is necessary to highlight visual element. Second, there is necessity for distinct space configuration, such as connection, stack and extension by utilizing the fixed specifications, the characteristics of container. Third, there is necessity for extended space where people feel a sense of openness. Fourth, it should be improved so that air is well circulated by installing glass, operable window, etc. In further research, it is thought necessary to make a study of commercial space and facilities inside university besides multiplex cultural space.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.166-175
• /
• 2022

Digital transformation is driving so many changes in daily life and industry. The automobile industry is in a similar situation. In some cases, element techniques in areas called metabuses are also being adopted, such as 3D animated digital cockpit, around view, and voice AI, etc. Through the growth of the mobile market, the norm of human-computer interaction (HCI) has been evolving from keyboard-mouse interaction to touch screen. The core area was the graphical user interface (GUI), and recently, the audio user interface (AUI) has partially replaced the GUI. Since it is easy to access and intuitive to the user, it is quickly becoming a common area of the in-vehicle experience (IVE), especially. The benefits of a AUI are freeing the driver's eyes and hands, using fewer screens, lower interaction costs, more emotional and personal, effective for people with low vision. Nevertheless, when and where to apply a GUI or AUI are actually different approaches because some information is easier to process as we see it. In other cases, there is potential that AUI is more suitable. This is a study on a proposal to actively apply a AUI in the near future based on the context of various scenes occurring to improve IVE.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2024

An automated dynamic structural analysis module stands as a crucial element within a structural integrated mitigation system. This module must deliver prompt real-time responses to enable timely actions, such as evacuation or warnings, in response to the severity posed by the structural system. The finite element method, a widely adopted approximate structural analysis approach globally, owes its popularity in part to its user-friendly nature. However, the computational efficiency and accuracy of results depend on the user-provided finite element mesh, with the number of elements and their quality playing pivotal roles. This paper introduces a computationally efficient adaptive mesh generation scheme that optimally combines the h-method of node movement and the r-method of element division for mesh refinement. Adaptive mesh generation schemes automatically create finite element meshes, and in this case, representative strain values for a given mesh are employed for error estimates. When applied to dynamic problems analyzed in the time domain, meshes need to be modified at each time step, considering a few hundred or thousand steps. The algorithm's specifics are demonstrated through a standard cantilever beam example subjected to a concentrated load at the free end. Additionally, a portal frame example showcases the generation of various robust meshes. These examples illustrate the adaptive algorithm's capability to produce robust meshes, ensuring reasonable accuracy and efficient computing time. Moreover, the study highlights the potential for the scheme's effective application in complex structural dynamic problems, such as those subjected to seismic or erratic wind loads. It also emphasizes its suitability for general nonlinear analysis problems, establishing the versatility and reliability of the proposed adaptive mesh generation scheme.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.35 no.8
• /
• pp.522-528
• /
• 2008

Topic map typically provide information to user through the selection of topics, that is using only topic, association, occurrence on the first topicmap which is made by domain expert without regard to individual interests or context, for the purpose of supplementation for the weakness which is providing personalized topic map information, personalization has been studied for supporting user preference through preseting of customize, filtering, scope, etc in topic map. Nevertheless, personalization in current topicmap is not enough to user so far. In this paper, we propose a design of PTRS(personalized topicmap ranking system) & algorithm, using both user profile(click through data) and basic element of topic map(topic, association) on knowledge layer in specific domain topicmap, therefore User has strong point that is improvement of personal facilities to user through representation of ranked topicmap information in consideration of user preference using PTRS.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.159-169
• /
• 2008

As users constitute one of the three components of a transportation system; and in many respects the most important component, user perception is a critical element within the concept of transportation services as transportation exists to provide high quality service to various user groups. However, this user perception has not been studied because it is difficult to be analyzed. The purpose of this study is to introduce the importance and alternative method to consider transportation user perception for various transportation engineering areas such as service quality and safety level of transportation system. For this purpose, various studies related to transportation user perception were reviewed. In addition, experiment results were analyzed to investigate the characteristics of transportation user perception.

• Design Convergence Study
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.135-150
• /
• 2016

Due to the development of communication technology and expansion of Intelligent Transport System (ITS), the car is changing from a simple mechanical device to second living space which has comprehensive convenience function and is evolved into the platform which is playing as an interface for this role. As the interface area to provide various information to the passenger is being expanded, the research importance about smart car based user experience is rising. This study has a research objective to propose the guidelines regarding the smart car user experience elements. In order to conduct this study, smart car user experience elements were defined as function, interaction, and surface and through the discussions of UX/UI experts, 8 representative techniques, 14 representative techniques, and 8 locations of the glass windows were specified for each element. Following, the smart car users' priorities of the experience elements, which were defined through targeting 100 drivers, were analyzed in the form of questionnaire survey. The analysis showed that the users' priorities in applying the main techniques were in the order of safety, distance, and sensibility. The priorities of the production method were in the order of voice recognition, touch, gesture, physical button, and eye tracking. Furthermore, regarding the glass window locations, users prioritized the front of the driver's seat to the back. According to the demographic analysis on gender, there were no significant differences except for two functions. Therefore this showed that the guidelines of male and female can be commonly applied. Through user requirement analysis about individual elements, this study provides the guides about the requirement in each element to be applied to commercialized product with priority.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.11
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2005

In this research, the thermomechanical responses of shape memory alloy(SMA) actuators and their applications in the structures combining strip SMA actuators are investigated. The numerical algorithm of the 3-D SMA thermomechanical constitutive equations based on Lagoudas model is developed using user material(UMAT) subroutine written by FORTRAN. For the numerical results, the ABAQUS finite element program has been utilized with UMAT subroutine of the numerical algorithm of SMAs. The interactions between the host structure and SMA strip actuator are numerically investigated.