• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.391-401
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• 2016

Objective: This study aims to examine domestic literature on eye-tracking in the design area, and to present new eye-tracking application directions. Background: Eye-tracking was introduced in the experimental psychology field for the first time in the 1950s. Eye-tracking has high utilization values in the design application area because eye-tracking can accumulate data on what people see, providing the quantitative values on eye movement. Method: This study examined the papers published in domestic journals, as well as the papers presented in conferences from 2000 to 2016 through DBPIA. Results: Although the use of eye-tracking technology was slightly meager in the product design area, it has been actively used for the evaluation analyses of preference and attention in architecture/public design. Eye-tracking also presented a method to design advertisement that is helpful to advertisement effect measurement, and product salesin the advertisement design area. Since detail psychological analysis is possible, the application of eye-tracking in the studies related with user interface has been active. Conclusion: The eye-tracking technology is projected to be actively used as a new interface means, such as in helping in disabled people's communication and in device control, in addition to conventional application areas. Application: This study would be of help to find future research areas of eye-tracking.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.806-817
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• 2015

The contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE) is an advanced method for the histogram equalization which is a common contrast enhancement technique. The CLAHE divides the image into sections, and applies the contrast limited histogram equalization for each section. X-ray images can be classified into three areas: skin, bone, and air area. In clinical application, the interest area is limited to the skin or bone area depending on the diagnosis region. The CLAHE could deteriorate X-ray image quality because the CLAHE enhances the area which doesn't need to be enhanced. In this paper, we propose a new method which automatically determines the clip limit of CLAHE's parameter to improve X-ray image quality using fuzzy logic. We introduce fuzzy logic which is possible to determine clip limit proportional to the interest of users. Experimental results show that the proposed method improve images according to the user's preference by focusing on the subject.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.951-963
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the potential customer's satisfaction for the concepts of smart audio features and utilize the results when developing the customer-oriented products. Methods: 16 different features were derived via the market research and professionals' interviews. The most satisfactory features were selected through "Kano model", the relative importance of Customer Satisfaction Coefficient, and respondents' preferences from 339 valid survey answers. Results: 15 out of the 16 features were categorized as attractive attribute. "'User Recognizing' and 'Strengthen Linking' groups", such as Auto connection with Smart-phone music player, Synchronization of TV & Audio, and Volume control situational awareness, were shown to provide higher satisfactions to those potential customers. On the other hand, Group 'Integrating Function', such as Aromatherapy and Auto lighting reaction, was shown to be relatively least preferred features. Conclusion: This study enabled which features could lead to the customer satisfaction. Nevertheless, it still requires extensive analyses in different countries and diverse cultures to target the global market. The audio product planners and R&D professionals are expected to learn useful information from such studies.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2009

The aim of the study is to investigate the usability of wheel navigation key(WNK) recently adopted for the new models of mobile phone and MP3 product. In this study, an experiment was designed to evaluate the functional benefit of WNK by using a performance test. A questionnaire was also used to examine the personal preference. In results, a significant difference was found in performance time between wheel-type and button-type product. In general, the difference was more significant as subject's skill level was higher. In particular, the performance time was significantly shortened with the WNK when a searching task was required, but push button was an effective interface for simple search task among beginners. Therefore, the wheel navigation key can be used to improve the usability of product by reducing the searching time in mobile phone and mp3. For practical application, the user's level of skill needs to be considered to maximize the effect of interface when choosing WNK or push button.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.107-118
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• 2018

Cedric price is an architect and educator who have had an influence on architectural thinking through teaching and projects, rather than completed buildings. The purpose of this study was to analyze the architecture of Cedric Price in terms of time. Time was an important factor to understand his architecture along with his interest in technology, so most of his architectural thinking and methodology - anti-architecture, programmatic indeterminacy, a philosophy of enabling and so on, could be explained under the consideration of time. Depending on how he considered and used the concept of time, his projects could be categorized into two groups; The first group was related to the change over time, and this group again divided into three sub categories; change of user's preference, change of external environment, and change over building lifetime. The second group was related to planning of time, which could be divided again into two categories; programmatic planning and the usage planning during the period. This categorization could provide a frame to look into his architecture, through which his projects showed the limitation in modern architecture and the possibility for contemporary architecture.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.72-79
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• 2021

This study is to develop a strategy to prepare an improvement strategy according to the environmental change of the hotel. Currently, domestic hotels are implementing marketing through food and beverage as a countermeasure against the sales decrease, and in order to develop effective marketing plan, 5 Force Model environmental analysis and STP analysis are analyzed. 5 Force Model Environmental Analysis showed that domestic hotels are facing various difficulties such as the expansion of accommodation sharing system, the decrease of Chinese tourists due to the THAAD problem, the increase of hotels, the introduction of PMS, the increase of minimum wage, the introduction of 52 hours work week, and the increase in product preference As an STP response strategy to correspond these difficulties, it is necessary to develop products for the main customers of the hotel food and beverage, such as those in the 20s-30s, the workers, smartphones and SNS users. And also hotels should seek ways to lower price of the product to the level desired by the user to compete against substitutes. In conclusion we suggest that hotels are committed to fulfilling their role by meeting guest safety and COVID-19 compliance requirements, but a focus on immediate cleanliness and quarantine against infectious diseases, like Airbnb, will enable greater growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2021

Recently, various renewable systems have been developed and applied in Korea. However, there are many systems which were not utilized in real buildings or not widely spread in the market. Furthermore, the attention of most users focused on several certain system such as PV or solar system. Therefore, this research aims to find user's needs for renewable energy based on perception surveys to improve the acceptance of technology in line with the world's energy flow. The survey was conducted by classifying respondents by various criteria, and the results were analyzed using AHP technique and CVM technique, focusing on preference and acceptance. According to the results of the survey, it was found that the people felt the need for renewable energy but lacked knowledge about renewable energy compared to the various government-implemented renewable energy supply policies. Therefore, a government-level policy is needed so that the people can have universal knowledge about renewable energy system.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.280-288
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to deduct influence factors by analyzing preferences for public design that can increase user satisfaction through differentiated identity of regions. The study methods are as follows. First, consider a concept and semantic change of public design through the relevant literatures and precedent studies and then understand application status of domestic and overseas public design. Second, extract design elements for regional differentiation through precedent studies and reclassify regional resources that have an effect. Third, understand the necessity level of public design for regional differentiation by targeting experts and research the extracted design element and the degree of reflection about regionality. Lastly, understand a correlation between design elements and influence factors about territorial regionality of public design based on the researched contents, and analyze the degree of reflection between each other. As a result of this study, a plan that used 'material' and 'color' had high preference on the aspect of design elements and this is an important element that can show regional differentiation of regions. public design of showing regional differentiation. Thus, it is considered that various methods of using 'material' and 'color' must be planned. 'Public space' among design territories was most effective, and the following was 'public facility'. In particular, 'public space' has high preference of using 'natural resources' and 'industrial resources', and therefore an effect of a plan that uses these is judged to be positive. This study can use these results as basic data that suggested the standard for utilization of regional factors for regional differentiation of public design.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.119-128
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• 2015

The demand of reflective display devices are increasing by widespread of electronic books. In this study, the emotional and reading state for reading material of paper books, reflective display, and LCD display were compared to each other. In order to determine the consumers' sensibility of E-ink e-book the emotional assessment of three different types of books was evaluated following with readability assessment and preference experiment. These experiments controlled contents on the screen by using masks to hide hardware aspects of contents. The results of the sensibility reactions by emotional-vocabulary-experiment using semantic scale show that E-ink is closer to paper than LCD. The readability and preference questionnaire for the experimental results show that e-ink is preferred than LCD and paper was preferred or seem similar to E-ink. The conclusions shows that E-ink and paper has similar sensibility and E-ink e-book is expected to replace paper books.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate integral seat desk used in universities through comparison of real dimension values of the desk with KS/ISO standard and questionnaire survey. Background: School furniture that helps students sit comfortably for longer periods of time and allows for better concentration on learning is important. However, seat and desk have been generally designed based on the industry practice rather than user's anthropometry, and seats and desks used in universities of Korea have not been ergonomically evaluated. Method: Real 13 dimensions of the desk used in K University were measured using tape measure and inclinometer, and the dimension values were compared to the KS standard of desk and chair for lecture room (KS G 4210) and ergonomic design principles found in relevant references. Subjective appropriacies and preference for the desk were investigated based on questionnaire survey, in which 121 (male: 91, female: 30) college students participated. Results: Several dimensions for the desk and chair investigated except desk depth and width, leg room width, seat width have not met the KS standard, but all dimensions satisfied ergonomic design principles available in references. The questionnaire survey revealed that appropriacies for desk surface size, seat pan depth, seat pan cushion and backrest curvature were under middle point of 3.0, and that those for the other dimensions showed higher scores exceeding 3.0. Conclusion: The integral seat desk widely used in universities showed some design problems in terms of standards of KS G 2010 and KS G 4210, and ergonomic design principles. Compared to the general desk with separated desk and seat, subjective preference on the integral seat desk was low. Application: This would be used as a valuable guideline when designing or choosing new integral seat desk with high satisfaction of students.