• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 과학관 관람객의 전시체험 활동을 지원하는 과학관 챗봇 도슨트를 위한 구조화된 시나리오의 틀을 개발하고 적용사례를 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해, 연구자들은 초점집단 면답법(FGI)을 적용하였으며, 이들의 삼각 검증을 통해 과학관 챗봇 도슨트의 시나리오 틀을 구성하고 사례를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 과학관 챗봇 시나리오 틀은 과학기술 수집자료용과 탐구기반 전시품용으로 구분할 수 있었다. 이들 과학관 챗봇 도슨트용 시나리오 틀은 크게 주 정보 차원과 스토리텔링 차원으로 구성하였고 특히, 탐구기반 전시품용 챗봇 도슨트 시나리오 틀은 과학 전시품의 동작 및 관람객의 조작을 고려하여 사용방법 차원을 추가하였다. 이 연구는 과학관이 이미 구축한 데이터를 기초로 인공지능 챗봇의 시나리오 개발에 기초자료를 제공할 수 있으며, 보다 관람객 중심의 전시해설 시나리오와 같은 체험활동 시나리오 개발에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권12호
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• pp.1905-1912
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• 2017

In recent years, Ulaanbaatar, a capital of Mongolia has witnessed major problem that air quality reaches hazardous level during the winter season. Coal combustion for heating of every house in "Ger" district is main reason. One way to reduce the air pollution is mass usage of electric heater. However, there are several difficulties such as overload and degradation of transformers and other equipment used in distribution and transmission systems as well as power shortage occurrence in evening peak period due to residential consumption. This study aims to contribute for solving the air pollution and power shortage problem in Mongolia. One possible solution could be distributed generation (DG) with photovoltaic (PV) penetration. In this study, PV with energy storage (ES) hybrid system to reduce peak load is analyzed. We proposed the suitable structure of PV-ES hybrid for Mongolian household, and suggested several operation scenarios. Optimal operation algorithm is carried out based on a comparison aspect from economical, grid impact and PV penetration possibility. The economic analyse shows annual income of 520USD, and has a payback period of 8 years for selected scenario. The proposed PV-ES system structure is verified by experimentation set on the building rooftop in city center. The suggested scenario is planned to apply for system in further research.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2021

Korea needs to develop a rational system to separate stormwater utility fee from current sewerage fee. In this study, the scenario for calculating stormwater utility fee of Bupyeong-gu was suggested and the results were considered. For this purpose, the application of stormwater utility fee overseas and current domestic system were analyzed. A three step calculating scenario considering suitable domestic situation and impervious surface area was suggested. Water, sewerage usage, and hydrant data were collected. The total amount of water and sewerage fees for land use were calculated. The sewerage fee of Bupyeong-gu for the year 2014 was 21,685,446,578 won. Assuming that 40% of this amount was the cost associated to stormwater, the result showed that the fees for residential area in third step decreased by 0.77% compared to that of the first step. For commercial area, the stormwater utility fee decreased by 36.87%. For industrial area, although the consumption of water was similar to that of commercial area, the stormwater utility fee increased by 8.35%. For green area, the fee increased by 37.46%. This study demonstrated that the calculation of actual stormwater utility fee using impervious surface map and impervious Surface Ratio Estimation Methodology developed in previous studies is feasible.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2024

As the agricultural land use shifts from paddy to upland, ensuring reservoir water supply stability for upland crop irrigation becomes essential. The objectives of this study were to estimate the irrigation water requirements considering the upland irrigation scenario and to evaluate the reliability of the water supply from the agricultural reservoir using resilience indexes. Two study sites, Sinheung and Hwajeong, were selected, and soybean and red peppers, the most water-intensive crops, were selected as study crops, respectively. For the irrigation scenario, two irrigation methods of traditional scheduling (which irrigates all sites at once) and rotational scheduling (which distributes irrigation by districts), along with the upland conversion rate, were considered. The net irrigation requirement was estimated through a water balance analysis. The stability of the reservoir was evaluated using resilience indexes based on the simulated 10-years reservoir water levels and drought criterion. Overall, the water supply of the reservoir was evaluated as stable during the simulated 10 years, except for the one year. Compared to the two irrigation methods, rotational scheduling resulted in lower irrigation water usage in both sites, with reductions of 1.6%, and 0.3%, respectively. As the upland conversion rate increases, the water deficit could be intensified in Hwajeong with a conversion rate exceeding 50%, showing the number of deficit(ND) over the one and a rapid increase in the deficit ratio(DR). It was confirmed that the reservoir operation criteria can be enhanced by incorporating resilience indicators along with crop growth information, thus, this will be a further study.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.953-962
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• 2015

Escherichia coli is the most preferred microorganism to express heterologous proteins for therapeutic use, as around 30% of the approved therapeutic proteins are currently being produced using it as a host. Owing to its rapid growth, high yield of the product, costeffectiveness, and easy scale-up process, E. coli is an expression host of choice in the biotechnology industry for large-scale production of proteins, particularly non-glycosylated proteins, for therapeutic use. The availability of various E. coli expression vectors and strains, relatively easy protein folding mechanisms, and bioprocess technologies, makes it very attractive for industrial applications. However, the codon usage in E. coli and the absence of post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, phosphorylation, and proteolytic processing, limit its use for the production of slightly complex recombinant biopharmaceuticals. Several new technological advancements in the E. coli expression system to meet the biotechnology industry requirements have been made, such as novel engineered strains, genetically modifying E. coli to possess capability to glycosylate heterologous proteins and express complex proteins, including full-length glycosylated antibodies. This review summarizes the recent advancements that may further expand the use of the E. coli expression system to produce more complex and also glycosylated proteins for therapeutic use in the future.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2014

The Smart grid refers to the technology that enables efficient usage of electric power by collecting information concerning the power usage and power lines grafting information and communications technology to onto power grids. There are Zigbee, PLC or IEEE 802.11 WLAN MAC as a core technology of the Smart grid, but in this paper, the discussion is focused on the PLC. The PLC is the technology that carries out data communications using power lines and put into practical use in the field of lights or home appliances control recently but PLC-applied communications between electronic devices are rarely seen. For the reason that the PLC uses high-voltage power lines and has a disadvantage of experiencing higher data loss rate caused by the noises produced by going through transformers, the technology is yet to be used in many areas. Nevertheless, the PLC has been studied widely recently in respect that it's the low-cost communication solution for the Smart Metering [1]. Moreover, this technology is emerging as a novel data communication method and discussed as an important technology lately due to the developments of the Smart grid systems and Internet of things (IoT). Thus, in this paper, the results obtained from designing and performing implementation scenario for the PLC-based Smart grid home network system were compared and analyzed with that of IEEE 802.11 WLAN MAC (the foundation technology at Jeju Smart grid Test bed)-based Smart grid home network. Thus, in this paper, OPNET 14.5 PL8, OSI 7 layer, PLC router nodes and PLC nodes had been used for the designing and implementation simulations of both systems. Additionally, QoS was not considered in order to guarantee that all the traffics would not have the same processing priority.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2020

인공지능 제품은 스마트폰이나 스피커, 가전제품에 에이전트로 내장되어 '인공지능 비서'로 활용되고 있으며, 현재는 약 인공지능 수준으로 에이전트의 성격, 목소리 등 의인화에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 향후 인공지능 기술 발전으로 지능형 에이전트의 역할과 기능이 확장될 것으로 보이며, 사용자 유형, 사용환경, 에이전트 외관 등 에이전트 관련 다양한 속성에 대한 고려가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 강한 인공지능 에이전트가 나타나는 컨셉 영상 시나리오의 분석을 통해 사용자 관점에서 에이전트의 인터랙션 속성들을 유형화하였다. 연구방법으로 에이전트에 대한 이론적고찰을 토대로 분석을 위한 프레임워크를 구축하였다. 이후 대중화된 영상시청 플랫폼인 유튜브(Youtube)를 활용하여 다수의 영상 시나리오를 수집 및 선별하고 환경, 사용자, 에이전트 관점에 따라 분석하였다. 그 결과 시점, 공간, 형태, 에이전트 행위, 연동기기, 에이전트 인터페이스, 사용상태, 사용자 인터페이스 8개 속성을 유형화하였다. 이는 향후 상용화될 에이전트의 개발 및 예측 시 참고자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.975-988
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• 2016

Large access providers (ISPs) are seeking for new types of business agreements and pricing models to manage network costs and monetize better the provision of last-mile services. A typical paradigm of such new pricing norms is the proliferation of paid peering deals between ISPs and content providers (CPs), while on top of this, some ISPs are already experimenting with usage-based tariffs, usually through data-plans, instead of the typical fixed-based charging. In this work we define as common platform, the infrastructure in which a single ISP transacts with several CPs through peering agreements. In this context, we examine whether, and under which market conditions, the profitability of the involved stakeholders improves when the establishment of this platform is accompanied by a monetary compensation from the CPs to the ISP (paid peering), v.s. a scenario where their deal is a typical settlement-free one. In both cases, we assume that the ISP implements a usage-based access pricing scheme, implying that end-users will pay more for higher transaction rates with the CPs. Our framework captures some of the most important details of the current market, such as the various business models adopted by the CPs, the end-users' evaluation towards the ISP's and CPs' level of investments and the traffic rates per transaction for the offered services. By analysing the equilibrium derived by a leader-follower game, it turns out (among other practical takeaways) that whether or not the profitability of a CP improves, it highly depends on whether its business model is to sell content, or if it obtains its revenue from advertisements. Finally, we extract that consumer surplus is considerably higher under paid peering, which in turn implies improved levels of social welfare.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2018

디지털방송 시대가 정착되면서 방송프로그램 시청에만 활용되던 TV가 다양한 데이터서비스를 운영할 수 있는 매체로 발전하였다. 이는 시청자의 TV이용 행태도 수동적인 태도에서 능동적으로 미디어를 소비하는 태도로 변화할 수 있는 환경이 마련되었음을 의미한다. 광고 시장은 매체의 변화에 따라 영향을 많이 받는 산업분야이기 때문에 이러한 변화는 광고의 제공 형태와 시청자의 광고 소비행태에 변화를 유발하게 되며, 방송 산업은 데이터서비스의 가능성을 광고시장과 연계한 새로운 성장전략을 고민할 필요가 있다. 이 에, 본 연구는 짧은 노출 시간과 정보 표현 공간 부족의 한계를 안고 있는 ID 광고를 대상으로 광고와 관련된 부가정보를 제공하는 데이터서비스를 설계하였다. 구체적으로 데이터서비스의 사용 시나리오와 사용자인터페이스를 설계하고, ID 광고의 유형별로 정의된 부가정보를 데이터서비스에 공급하는 국제 디지털방송 표준 DVB 기반의 방법을 개발하였다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.104-116
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• 2010

With several advantages such as flexible downlink-to-uplink(DL-to-UL) ratio and flexible spectrum usage, Time Division Duplexing(TDD) is emerging as an alternate to Frequency Division Duplexing(FDD), especially in wireless broadband systems. We already have at least four different TDD systems in the industry: Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access(TD-SCDMA), IEEE 802.16e-TDD, IEEE 802.16m-TDD, and Time Division-Long Term Evolution(TD-LTE). A disadvantage of TDD is that tight coordination such as time synchronization between adjacent operators is required to prevent interference between the adjacent TDD systems. In this paper, we investigate coexistence scenarios among the above four well-known TDD systems and calculate spectral efficiency(SE) loss in each scenario. Our findings are that SE loss can be significant if TDD ratios of the adjacent operators are considerably different. However, as long as the TDD ratios of the adjacent operators are similar, configurations in the systems permit perfect time synchronization between the two heterogeneous TDD systems, and the resulting SE loss is zero or reasonably low. We believe that the above findings and the configurations of the TDD systems recommended tominimize SE loss will be helpful for operators who deploy TDD systems in system parameter determination and cross-operator coordination.