• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2016

We analyzed diurnal variations in the surface air temperature using the high density urban climate observation network of Daegu in summer, 2013. We compared the time elements, which are characterized by the diurnal variation of surface air temperature. The warming and cooling rates in rural areas are faster than in urban areas. It is mainly due to the difference of surface heat capacity. In addition, local wind circulation also affects the discrepancy of thermal spatiotemporal distribution in Daegu. Namely, the valley and mountain breezes affect diurnal variation of horizontal distribution of air temperature. During daytimes, the air(valley breeze) flows up from urban located at lowlands to higher altitudes of rural areas. The temperature of valley breeze rises gradually as it flows from lowland to upland. Hence the difference of air temperature decreases between urban and rural areas. At nighttime, the mountains cool more rapidly than do low-lying areas, so the air(mountain breeze) becomes denser and sinks toward the valleys(lowlands). As the result, the air temperature becomes lower in rural areas than in urban areas.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.600-618
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• 2014

The metadata for urban meteorological observation is standardized through comparison with those established at the World Meteorological Organization and the Korea Meteorological Administration to understand the surrounding environment around the sites exactly and maintain the networks and sites efficiently. It categorizes into metadata for an observational network and observational sites. The latter is again divided into the metadata for station general information, local scale information, micro scale information, and visual information in order to explain urban environment in detail. The metadata also contains the static information such as urban structure, surface cover, metabolism, communication, building density, roof type, moisture/heat sources, and traffic as well as the update information on the environment change, maintenance, replacement, and/or calibration of sensors. The standardized metadata for urban meteorological observation is applied to the Weather Information Service Engine (WISE) integrated meteorological sensor network and sites installed at Incheon area. It will be very useful for site manager as well as researchers in fields of urban meteorology, radiation, surface energy balance, anthropogenic heat, turbulence, heat storage, and boundary layer processes.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2018

This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the conservation priorities of unexecuted urban parks in Seoul both from an ecological and public perspective. To this end, two methodologies, ecological network analysis based on graph and circuit theory and accessibility analysis, were employed in order to assess ecological connectivity of and public accessibility to unexecuted parks, respectively. This study applied linkage-mapping methods (shortest path and current flow betweenness centrality) of connectivity analysis to an integrated map of landscape permeability. The population-weighted accessibility to unexecuted parks was measured based on a negative exponential distance decay function. As a result, for both ecological connectivity and accessibility, Gwanaksan, Suraksan, and Bulamsan urban natural parks are found to be the most important (rank 1-3) to be conserved. For these sites, inner park areas with conservation priorities for connectivity and accessibility were identified. The findings of the study can be used for giving conservation priority to the unexecuted urban parks in terms of long-term sustainable urban planning.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2014

In the present circumstance of exploring measures for sustainable development, finding and using planning elements of historical city is getting important as a urban planning tool. Thus this study aims to examine the characters of Korean traditional urban form through three periods, Josun, modern and contemporary eras. Three urban centers representing different characteristics were selected; historical center based on 14th century's traditional planning, modern period urban center, which is related with development of railway, and contemporary urban center of late 20th century. Analyse of urban tissue, composed with form and scale of street network, blocks and plots, shows that each urban center of Seoul has certain common attributes in terms of morphology in spite of the difference of formation and development period. However this historical urban forms are rarely applicated in the current urban planning, such as new-town planning or district unit plan. This shows the necessity of modification of urban regulation for preserving the identity of our city and pursuing sustainable development.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.671-683
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• 2018

도시유역에 대한 집중호우에 따른 침수피해가 증가하고 있으며, 기존에 수행된 많은 연구에서 입증 되어진 바와 같이 도시 침수는 하수관망의 통수능을 상회함에 따라 발생하는 내수침수에 주로 기인하고 있다. 도시화가 상당히 진행되고 인구가 밀집되어 있는 지역에 대한 침수피해는 심각한 사회 경제적 피해를 야기한다. 이에 따라 도시지역에 대한 홍수 예측을 위한 확정 및 확률론적 연구가 진행되어 왔지만, 충분한 선행시간을 확보하며 단시간에 홍수량에 대한 예측결과를 도출하기에는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 최적의 실시간 도시 홍수 예측 기법을 제시하기 위하여 도시유출해석 기반 실시간 홍수 예측을 위한 IDNN, TDNN 그리고 NARX 동적신경망을 비교하였다. 강남 지역의 2010, 2011년 실제 호우사상에 대하여 총 홍수량 예측 결과, 입력 지연 인공신경망의 최대 Nash-Sutcliffe 효율 계수는 각각 0.86, 0.53, 시간 지연 인공신경망의 경우 0.92, 0.41, 외생변수를 이용한 비선형 자기 회귀의 경우 0.99, 0.98으로 나타났다. 연구 대상지역에 대한 각 맨홀 누적월류량을 고려한 예측 결과의 오차분석을 통하여 외생변수를 이용한 비선형 자기 회귀 기법을 사용하는 것이 추후 도시 홍수 대응체계 구축에 적합할 것으로 나타났다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2015

본 연구는 1998년부터 2013년까지 지리공간정보와 관련된 연구 논문에 대해 키워드 네트워크 분석 기법을 적용하여 분석하고 글로벌 차원에서 지리공간정보 연구의 흐름을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 Web of Science 학술 자료 검색 엔진을 이용하여 지리공간정보와 관련된 논문과 주요 키워드를 추출하였다. 그리고 추출된 키워드를 이용해 키워드 네트워크 자료를 구축하고 시기별 키워드의 연결중심성과 매개중심성, 근접중심성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 다양한 분야에서 지리공간정보가 활용되어 왔음을 확인할 수 있었고 관련된 기술의 연구 동향을 계량적으로 파악할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 지리공간정보에 대한 정책과 연구 개발 계획을 과학적으로 수립하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1211-1220
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• 2015

Soil is the most important factor in natural environment for bio-diversity. Urbanization and development of city devastate urban soil by the fraternization of green network and run off pollution. In these facts, preservation of soil is the main issue in maintain of quality urban environment. In order to handle this issue, the gold network that link fragment soil patches is considered in maintain quality soil. This study researched the infiltration Treebox design technique based on the Low Impact Development. This technique suggest reduction of impervious area of the soil due to urbanization. The main concept of this study is encourage more permeable surfaces in urban area by using a infiltration planter. The function of the planter is hold run off as much as possible from intensive rainfall, and utilizes it in drought season. Also, this planter provides fertile soil for organism habitat by keeping appropriate moisture supplying.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2007년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1910-1914
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• 2007

This paper employs a relatively new technique of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to forecast water demand of Daegu city. The ANN model used in this study is a single hidden layer hierarchy model. About seventeen sets of historical water demand records and the values of their socioeconomic impact factors are used to train the model. Also other regression and time serious models are investigated for comparison purpose. The results present the ANN model can better perform the issue of urban water demand forecasting, and obtain the correlation coefficient of $R^2$ with a value of 0.987 and the relative difference less than 4.4% for this study.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2019

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is the key to operate a change from the traditional manual reading of water meters and sensors to an automated system where high frequency data is remotely collected and analyzed in real time, one of the main components of a Smart Water Grid. The recent boom of ICT offers a wide range of both wired and wireless technologies to achieve this objective. We review and present in this article the most widely recognized technologies and protocols along with their respective advantages, drawbacks and applicability range which can be Home Area Network (HAN), Building Area Network (BAN) or Local/Neighborhood Area Network (LAN/NAN). We also present our findings and we give recommendations on the application of ICT in Smart Water Grids and future work needed.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.23-37
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• 2018

최근 들어 장기적인 저성장과 도시과밀화로 인한 공간부족 등으로 도심내 새로운 기반설의 건설 및 증축이 매우 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 기존의 시설을 효율적으로 활용하면서도 지속가능한 개발을 유도할 수 있는 다양한 레트로핏(Retrofitting) 기법 및 도시 적용방안을 연구할 필요성이 있다. 레트로핏(Retrofit)이란 도심내 기존 시설물의 구조 및 기능, 운영방법 등을 지속가능한 체계로 개선하여, 환경영향을 저감시키고 에너지 사용을 절감하며 물이나 자원, 폐기물 등을 효율적으로 관리할 수 있도록 하는 기법이다. 본 연구에서는 도시의 구조적 위계를 반영할 수 있는 계층적 네트워크 디자인(Hierarchical Network Design) 기법을 적용하여 서울시 대중교통 노선을 효율적으로 레트로핏 할 수 있는 방법을 연구하였다. 계층적 네트워크 디자인 기법이란 허브의 기능에 따라 위계를 나누고 서로 다른 위계를 연결하여 하나의 계층적 네트워크를 구성하는 것을 의미한다. 서울시의 구조적 위계를 3도심, 7광역중심, 12지역중심으로 설정하고, 스마트카드 데이터 분석을 통해 교통허브를 선정하여 계층적 네트워크 디자인 기법에 따라 주요골격 네트워크(Back-Born Network)를 구축하였다. 구축된 계층적 네트워크 디자인을 토대로 대중교통 네트워크의 레트로핏을 적용한 결과, 간선버스 및 지선버스의 PKT 및 PHT가 개선전에 비해 일기준 약 2.6-3.2% 정도 감소하여 통행자 측면에서 편의성이 증대되는 효과를 볼 수 있었다.