• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.599-608
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• 1995

If a controlled sensory stimulation is given to the specific receptors, a reflex movement and motor engrams is achieved by the principle of neurophysiology. Based on this theoretical background, we choose 80 healthy person(male 40,female 40) and compare chronaxie of before stimulation with after stimulation. Also we measured chronaxie with same method. Stimulation was applied to the muscle belly by tapping. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The mean value of rheobase measured from the proximal part of upper extremity is 3. 56mA for male, 4.04mA for female. 2. The mean value of rheobase measured from the lower extremity is 4.19mA for male, 4. 37mA for female, which is higher than that of upper extremity for both male and female. 3. The mean value of chronaxie from the proximal part of upper extremity is 0.91msec for male, 0.87 msec for female, which means male is higher than female, and the average is 0.82msec. 4. The mean value of chronaxie from the proximal part of lower extremity is 1.04msec for male, 1.14msec for female, which means female is higher than male. 5. The decrease of rheobase after stimulation is prominent at the triceps brachii for male, biceps brachii for female. 6. The decrease of rheobase after stimulation is prominent at the tibialis anterior for both male and female. 7. The decrease of chronaxie after stimulation is prominent for both male and female at the triceps brachii from upper extremity and at the tibialis anterior from lower extremity for both male and female.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.65-78
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• 1996

This study wan described the movement patterns when rising from supine to erect stance in the third through eighth decades. Two hundred fifty six subjects, ranging in age from 30 year to 89 were filmed while rising from a supine position. Movement patterns were classified using categorical descriptions of the action of the upper and lower extremity, head-trunk region. This study was designed to determine whether within the rising task the movement patterns of different regions of the body vary with age level and sex, to describe time by subjects to perform this task. The incidence of each movement pattern was calculated and graphed wi th respect to age level and sex. Erect standing time was increased by age increasing in beth sex group. The most common form of rising for subject in the third through fifth decades both sex usually involved symmeytrical push with upper extremity, symmetrical squat pattern with lower extremity, partial rotation pattern wi th head-trunk and symmetrical push to push and reach pattern with upper extremity, symmetri cal squat pattern with lower extremity. partial rotation with head-trunk. In the sixth through eighth decades usually involved symmetrical push to push and reach pattern with upper extremity, symmetrical squat pattern with lower extremity, partial rotation pattern with head-trunk in both sex group.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2020

Purpose: To explore the effects of action observation combined with modified constraint-induced movement therapy on upper-extremity function and the activities of daily living in subacute stroke patients. Methods: Twenty-four subacute stroke patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group or the control group (n = 12 each). Both groups received therapy based on motor learning concepts, including repetitive and task-specific practice. The experimental group watched video clips for 10 minutes related to tasks performed during modified constraint-induced movement therapy while the control group watched videos unrelated to upper-extremity movement. These programs were performed for 40 minutes a day five times a week for four weeks. Their scores on the Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremities (FMA-UE), the action research arm test (ARAT), a motor activity log (amount of use [AOU] and quality of movement [QOM]), and the modified Barthel index (MBI) were recorded. Results: In both groups, all variables were significantly different between the pre-test and post-test periods (p < 0.05). The post-test variables were significantly different within each group (p < 0.05). In the experimental group, the changes between pre-test and post-test scores in the FMA-UE (14.39 ± 4.31 versus 6.31 ± 4.63), the ARAT (16.00 ± 4.73 versus 11.46 ± 3.73), MAL-AOU (1.57 ± 0.15 versus 1.18 ± 0.28), and MBI (27.54 ± 4.65 versus 18.08 ± 8.52) were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that action observation combined with modified constraint-induced movement therapy may be a beneficial rehabilitation option to improve upper-extremity function in subacute stroke patients with moderate impairment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.181-182
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.93-94
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.1459-1460
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• 2013

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.949-950
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• 2010

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 1996

In light-weight hand tools, static posture may result in postural fatigue. Psotural tremor of the upper extremity in a static posture was measured to provide guidelines for hand tool weight. Postural tremor was measured on five levels of tool weitht : no weight, 400g, 800g, 1200g, and 1600g. Three types of camcorder recording postures were selected. For each condition, postural tremor was measured together with ENG of biceps, deltoid and pectoralis major, and Borg's CR-20 ratings of perceved exertion. Results of the experiment are as follows : frequency analysis of tremor revealed increased amplitude of frequency bands of 2-4Hz and 10-14Hz. Postural tremor of the upper extremeity maintained the initial level until fatigue developed. After the development of fatigue, the rate of change of postural tremor significantly increased. Different tool weights and hand postures showed different rates of tremor increase. Time tp fatigue and corresaponding endurance time were positively correlated with Borg's RPE scores.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.288-293
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• 2006

Background : Monoplegia is the paralysis of a limb. It is commonly caused by an injury to the cerebral cortex, and rarely caused by injury to the internal capsule, brain stem, or spinal cord. Most problems with cerebral cortex is derived from the occlusion of a brain cortex blood vessel due to thrombus or embolus. Objectives : This study is to see if there is a significance in thermal differences of acupoints in diagnosis and treatment of monoplegia on an upper extremity to test the validity of acupuncture and herbal treatment for it. Methods : By using Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI), thermal differences$({\Delta}T)$ of acupoints on the upper extremity in a patient with monoplegia on the right upper extremity were measured after an attack of the disease. By giving Mangeum-tang(萬金湯) and treating the patient with acupuncture. the temperature changes of the upper extremity were examined through DITI and improvement was observed. Results : Compared with the left arm which suffered no such injury, the right recovered about 80% of sensation, and the grade of monoplegia improved from Grade O to Grade V. Also, the temperatures of right palmar-dorsal hand and the region of Weiguan(外關, Waiguan, TE5) were $1^{\circ}C$ and $1.45^{\circ}C$ higher than the same left region on admission day, but the thermal differences$({\Delta}T)$ narrowed to $0.5^{\circ}C$ by the last day. Conclusions : Results suggest that DITI screening is a reliable method of prognosis and that the time required for treatment can be estimated through this method in cases of monoplegia to an upper extremity. Also, progress in treatment is reflected in thermal differences of acupoints of the monoplegic upper extremity in accordance with the theory of meridian. This supports a role for acupuncture and herbal treatment for monoplegia.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.65-76
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• 2019

Objective : This study aimed to verify the validity and reliability of the Upper Extremity Performance Test for the Elderly (TEMPA) by modifying its items to exhibit cultural differences. Methods : This study included 171 healthy adults and older adults and 41 individuals with impaired upper extremity function. Content validity, discriminant validity, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability were analyzed. Results : The following items, exhibiting cultural differences, were modified: "open a lock and take the top off a pillbox" and "write and affix a postage stamp." The discriminant validity results indicated that participants with normal upper extremity function performed better than those with impaired in the upper extremity function (p<.001). The test-retest reliability of the execution speed (intraclass correlation coefficient; ICC) was .71-.94, functional rating (kappa) was 1.0, and task analysis (ICC) was 1.0. The inter-rater reliability of the speed of execution was 1.0, functional rating was .79-1.0, and task analysis was .94-1.0. Conclusion : TEMPA has moderate to high level of reliability and is an assessment tool that can clearly distinguish individuals with upper extremity impairment from those without impairment.