• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.62-71
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• 1991

An evaluation of bending test of composite I and Box beams for determining the ultimate strength limit design criteria was presented. Maxium loads of composite I beams were found in beams composed of thicker upper flanges and/or vertical LVL flanges. These loads of plywood web beams were greater than those of PB web beams. Maximum loads of unsymmetrical box beams were less than those of symmetrical box beams. Thus, it took on different phase in box type beams. Ultimate loads of composite beams were greater than those of solid. The failure of composite beams were abrupt and failure mode was classified into following categories; Edgewise shear failure in web, delamination in flange-web joint, tension failure and tearing in LVL flanges, and web delamination. These failures of composite beams were appeared at the mixed mode. The influence factor affecting the performance of tested composite beams was shear strength of PB-web composite beams and compressive strength in plywood-web composite beams. It was also assumed that the influence factors on structural performance on composite beams were flange quality, web material and geometry of cross section. As one of the design methods resisting to compressive stress that was required in the case of small span to depth ratio and deep beams. composite I-beams composed of thicker upper flanges comparing to lower flanges were very effective in structural performance.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.233-239
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• 1975

세개의 二重結合에 衣하여 conjugate된 비대칭화합물 cis-2-bitenedialdioxime의 두 oxime group의 configuration을 溶媒, 溫度 및 濃度의 影響에 대한 NMR 硏究로서 決定하였다. 溶液狀態에서의 이 化合物은 $-35^{circ}$∼$-95^{\circ}C$의 溫度條件下에서는 항상 "syn-syn" configuration으로 存在함을 알았다. 또한 이 化合物의 oxime group과 溶媒사이의 水素結合의 相對的强度와 溫度 및 濃度에 의 피리딘의 考察하고 몇가지 水素結合의 모델을 提示하였다. 特히 피리딘溶媒 속에서는 水素結合은 한 영향을 窒素가 갖고 있는 非共有電子雙에 衣해서 일어나지 않고, oxime 의 hydroxyl proton과 피리딘의 $\pi$軌道函數 사이에 形成되는 $\pi$-착물의 結果임을 알았다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1993년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.134-136
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• 1993

Using the extended H$\ddot{u}$ckel molecular orbital method in connection with the tight binding model, we have studied electronic structure and related properties of superconducting $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ crystals in which O-atoms in regular sites were selectively replaced with F atoms. The calculations are based on the crystal structure of Y-Ba-Cu-O obtained by Beno et al.. We use atomic coordinates that refer to the unrelaxed Y-Ba-Cu-O system. In analogy to the isomerism problem with molecules, we discuss all possible combinations of F-substitutions in O-sites with one, two, and four F atoms. The calculations are carried out within charged clusters model for the analogues of the YBa-free copperoxide. Our results suggest that the electronic structure of the symmetrically F-substituted or F-added compound is closer to that of the oxygen-deficient superconducting compound than that obtained from unsymmetrical substitution. This applies in particular if O is replaced with in an O(1) site. This suggests that superconductivity is very sensitive to the oxygen content of the $CuO_2$ layers.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1010-1019
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 투톤(two-tone) 신호가 입력된 RF 전력 증폭기의 출력단에서 관찰되는 메모리 효과를 신경망회로를 이용하여 모델링 하였다. 입력 신호의 톤 간격과 전력 레벨의 변화에 따른 출력 전력의 IMD(Inter-Modulation Distortion) 비대칭성을 측정하여 고출력 RF 전력 증폭기의 메모리 효과를 확인하였으며, 서로 다른 중심 주파수에서의 메모리 효과도 실험적으로 확인하였다. 투톤 입력 신호 테스트에 기초한 전력 증폭기의 모델링 방법으로 TDNN(Tapped Delay Line-Neural Network)방식을 적용하였으며 이 방식이 다른 여러 가지 모델링 방법과 비교하여 매우 신뢰할만한 정확성을 가짐을 보였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.309-322
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• 2017

In this paper, the buckling, and free vibration analysis of tapered functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) micro Reddy beam under longitudinal magnetic field using finite element method (FEM) is investigated. It is noted that the material properties of matrix is considered as Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA). Using Hamilton's principle, the governing equations of motion are derived by applying a modified strain gradient theory and the rule of mixture approach for micro-composite beam. Micro-composite beam are subjected to longitudinal magnetic field. Then, using the FEM, the critical buckling load, and natural frequency of micro-composite Reddy beam is solved. Also, the influences of various parameters including ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ (the constant coefficients to control the thickness), three material length scale parameters, aspect ratio, different boundary conditions, and various distributions of CNT such as uniform distribution (UD), unsymmetrical functionally graded distribution of CNT (USFG) and symmetrically linear distribution of CNT (SFG) on the critical buckling load and non-dimensional natural frequency are obtained. It can be seen that the non-dimensional natural frequency and critical buckling load decreases with increasing of ${\beta}$ for UD, USFG and SFG micro-composite beam and vice versa for ${\alpha}$. Also, it is shown that at the specified value of ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$, the dimensionless natural frequency and critical buckling load for SGT beam is more than for the other state. Moreover, it can be observed from the results that employing magnetic field in longitudinal direction of the micro-composite beam increases the natural frequency and critical buckling load. On the other hands, by increasing the imposed magnetic field significantly increases the stability of the system that can behave as an actuator.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2010

H.264/AVC 표준은 여러 가지 신기술들을 접목시킴으로써 기존의 동영상 표준들보다 한층 개선된 부호화 효율성을 제공한다.하지만, H.264/AVC 인코더의 향상된 부호화 기술은 그것의 전반적인 복잡도를 크게 증가시켰다. 따라서, 인코더의 복잡도 수준을 경감시키기 위한 최적화의 연구는 중대한 선결 과제이다. 특히, 움직임 추정 부분에 대한 계산량의 비율은 인코더의 작업시간을 크게 좌우한다. 본 논문에서는 완전 다이아몬드와 12각형을 기본 탐색 패턴으로 사용하고 특정한 임계기준치를 적용시킴으로써 효율적으로 정적 블록들을 스킵하는 다이아몬드 웹 격자 탐색 알고리즘을 제안한다. 실험 결과는 본 논문에서 제안된 기법이 기존의 UMHexagonS 알고리즘의 계산량을 12%까지 감소시키면서도 유사한 PSNR을 유지한다는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.399-405
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 신형식 TO단면이 사용된 양단고정 또는 양단힌지 경계조건을 가지는 원형 강재아치의 비탄성 좌굴에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 아치의 초기변형과 잔류응력을 고려한 비탄성 유한요소해석을 실시하기 위하여 3차원 유한요소해석 프로그램 ABAQUS가 사용되었다. 기존 연구결과와 유한요소해석결과 비교로부터 새로운 좌굴강도 산정식의 필요성을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 신형식단면 아치구조물의 임계좌굴하중을 간편하게 산정할 수 있는 새로운 좌굴계수식이 세장비 및 경계조건에 따라 제안되었다. 본 연구에서 제안하고 있는 간편 설계식을 이용하여 수직등분포하중을 받는 새로운 TO단면 강재아치의 임계좌굴하중을 합리적으로 산정할 수 있으며, 비대칭하중 및 강합성 아치교량 임계좌굴하중 산정에도 응용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 지질공학
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2020

연약지반 상에 도로성토를 시공할 경우 연약지반에는 편재하중이 작용하게 되어 연약지반의 측방유동이나 활동파괴가 종종 발생하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 연약지반에 설치되는 교대말둑기초의 안정성과 말뚝의 거동특성을 파악하는 것이다. 지반의 측방유동으로 인하여 말뚝에 작용하는 수평하중에 대한 기존 연구자들의 연구내용을 파악하고 유한요소해석을 수행하여 교대말뚝기초의 거동특성과 보강효과를 확인하여 측방유동을 받는 교대말뚝기초의 거동을 연구하였다. 압밀도 분석 결과, 압밀 단계에 따라 연약지반 강도증가율에 의해 연약지반의 강도정수인 점착력은 약 1.1~1.8배 증가하였다. 측방유동 검토 결과, 허용수평변위 기준은 3.8 cm를 사용하는 것이 경제적으로나 시공적인 면에서 타당한 것으로 판단되나, 구조물의 중요도 및 지반의 불확실성 등을 고려하여 시공 시 계측을 실시하고 그에 따른 측방유동에 대한 철저한 안전관리가 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.1933-1954
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• 2013

Multiple wireless devices are being widely deployed in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) services on the road to establish end-to-end connection between vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) networks. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) play an important role in supporting V2V and V2I communications (also called V2X communications) in a variety of urban environments with distinct topological characteristics. In fact, obstacles such as big buildings, moving vehicles, trees, advertisement boards, traffic lights, etc. may block the radio signals in V2X communications. Their impact has been neglected in VANET research. In this paper, we present a realistic and efficient radio propagation model to handle different sizes of static and moving obstacles for V2X communications. In the proposed model, buildings and large moving vehicles are modeled as static and moving obstacles, and taken into account their impact on the packet reception rate, Line-of-sight (LOS) obstruction, and received signal power. We use unsymmetrical city map which has many dead-end roads and open faces. Each dead-end road and open faces are joined to the nearest edge making a polygon to model realistic obstacles. The simulation results of proposed model demonstrates better performance compared to some existing models, that shows proposed model can reflect more realistic simulation environments.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.80-98
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine what consumers virtyally thought about deconstructional method used in fashion and its cloths. For attaining the purpose, earlier studies were reviewed to see what kind of deconstructional methods were used in fashion and its cloth, and questionnaire survey was carried out based on the result. 10 kinds of deconstructional method were surveyed : indeterminate form, lingerie look, layering, unsymmetrical form, seethrough cloth, slash or making a hole, fray, padded cloth, patchworked cloth, and wrinkled cloth. There appeared 6 kinds of image for deconstructional fashion, esthetics, womanliness, youth, elegance, uniqueness, and fashionability. Consumers considered most deconstructional fashion to be unique but unique but lack elegance. However, they didn\`t feel indeterminate form, fray or padded cloth was unique, and one notable thing was that they had an impression wrinkled cloth was graceful. The design assessed to be generally esthetic was lingerie look, laying, seethrough cloth and wrinkled cloth. Those who were older set more esthetic value on layering, seethrough cloth, fray, padded cloth and wrinkled cloth. On the contrary, they didn\`t have a good impression from slash, making a hole or patchworked cloth. As a result of investigating the subjects\` willingness to wear deconstructional design, there was deconstructional design which they might possibly put on, and those who were older found more difficulties in wearing ir. Toward indeterminate and layering fashion, younger people whose age was ranged from 18 to 22 or from 18 to 22 or from 23 to 27 showed particularly better response. Married woman wanted to wear wrinkled cloth, and considered it possible to put on seethrough design more than unmarried women. Rather, younger people were more unwilling to wear seethrough design.