• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.65-82
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• 2020

Due to their participation in commercial activities between countries, many small and medium-sized trading companies are more of a born-global venture. The entrepreneurial intention is one of the key drivers impacting the formation of this born-global venture. In recent the importance of venture founding has been emphasized on a global scale. How to revitalize venture founding is becoming a nation-wide challenge in emerging economies as well as advanced countries. In particular, under the banner of 'Many people founding venture, Many people creating innovation', a new-coined word 'Choangker', an innovative founder of a venture, appeared in China. Existing studies have focused on entrepreneurial intention as a key driver that could affect whether a latent entrepreneur would actually found a venture or not. In this paper, we wanted to investigate what factors influence the entrepreneurial intention of the Chinese university students. Results of statistical analysis show that self-efficacy, personal experiences, supporting activities for venture founding, and social networks have positive effects on entrepreneurial intention of the Chinese university students. These results are similar to the claims of previous studies on the factors that influence the entrepreneurial intention of university students. In the future, researches on the entrepreneurial intention of the Chinese university students should be carried out to reflect the institutional characteristics at the national level.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.91-96
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• 2013

Transgenic chickens have been spotlighted as an highly potent bioreactor for their fecundity, short generation time, and eggs associated with mass production of protein. In this study, we generated transgenic chickens exhibiting oviduct specific expression of human growth hormone fused to human transferrin for oral administration. Gene of the modified growth hormone located at downstream ovalbumin promoter (~3.6 kb) was introduced to stage X blastodermal cell employing retrovirus vector system. Several transgenic chickens were successfully generated. However, genomic analyses showed unexpected deletion within the transgene. The modification of the transgene seemed to occur during germ cell formation because the deletion was detected only from the sperm DNA of the G0 founder animal. There was no evidence of deletion in the somatic cell DNA samples of the same chicken. Consequently, same pattern of the deletion was confirmed in both somatic and germ cells of the G1 progeny.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.790-800
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• 2020

The Yeonsan Ogye (YO) chicken is a natural heritage of Korea, characterized by black feathers, skin, bones, eyes, and comb. The purebred of YO population has been reared under the natural mating system with no systematic selection and breeding plan. The purpose of this study was to identify the genetic diversity and find the optimal number of population sub-division using 12 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) markers to construct a pedigree-based breeding plan for the YO population. A total of 509 YO birds were used for this study. Genetic diversity and population structure analysis were conducted based on the MS marker genotype information. The overall average polymorphic information content value and expected heterozygosity of the population were 0.586, and 0.642, respectively. The K-mean cluster analysis based on the genetic distance result confirmed that the current YO population can be divided into three ancestry groups. Individuals in each group were evaluated based on their genetic distance to identify the potential candidates for a future breeding plan. This study concludes that a future breeding plan with known pedigree information of selected founder animals, which holds high genetic diversity, could be the best strategy to ensure the conservation of the Korean YO chicken population.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.167-179
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• 2012

This research is brought to suggest the policy paradigm shift alternative and to show breakthrough by diagnosing the cons of government's current youth entrepreneurship promotion emphasizing a showup performance. More specific points, first, this paper investigate the policy limitations of government's current youth entrepreneurship promotion. Second, this paper develop upgrade model of youth entrepreneurship promotion through benchmarking the foreign successful cases. Third, this paper suggest, the alternative of taking off ver 1.0 of government's current youth entrepreneurship promotion policy paradigm, new paradigm of government policy emphasizing 'Good Quality Youth Startup.' In this research, youth entrepreneurship promotion policy should be emphasized that the implementation of the "open" system. Open systems can collaborate in the young founder of the market building, matching based entrepreneurship run in conjunction with enough experience and the founder of the startup entirely after reviewing the market, or starting to reconsider, and also will open the path be employed in the leading venture firms participating in the group market. Therefore, entrepreneurship promotion policy raising the capabilities of the current situation of young people in the business after graduating from a wide selection of alternative plan that is characterized by a large system.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.532-541
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• 2020

In this study, we describe the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation by the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation product of Chrysanthemum indicum L. (CI) extract to control obesity. Preparation of LAB-fermented products was performed to overcome the cytotoxicity of CI extract. During fermentation and 3T3-L1 cell line experiment, cytotoxicity was not induced in the CI fermentation products over 1 day in culture. Fermented materials from highly proliferative cultures were selected for treatment of 3T3-L1 cells and for comparison with unfermented control groups. Cell survival and undifferentiated cell populations were decreased differentiation population in all experimental groups compared with controls, as measured using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Akt pathway activity increased upon treatment with these fermented extracts in 3T3-L1 cells. Gli2 depleted at the protein level in association with adipocyte differentiation. LAB KCTC 3115- and 3109-fermented extract treatment caused controlled Gli2 protein accumulation. Moreover, KCTC 3115 and 3109 were found to reduce C/EBPα and FAS was depleted, whereas pACC was increased at the protein level upon treatment with the fermentation products of each of the four LAB used in this study. With Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KCTC 3115 fermentation, the regulation of adipose differentiation and hedgehog signaling were also suppressed, thereby inhibiting the differentiation of progenitor cells. The basis for the activation of hedgehog signaling may provide insights into the treatment of obesity and the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.41-54
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find out how the support system of the government and the local governments for enhancing the success rate of the startup firms affected the performance of the enterprises according to the behavior characteristics of the founders. It is divided entrepreneurial support system into entrepreneurial policy support such as entrepreneurial education, mentoring and consulting, and funding of startup support such as policy fund and R & D fund, distinguished the behavior of founder into behaviors for discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities and behaviors for exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities. In order to analyze whether it affects the corporate management performance, a research model was created based on the previous research and hypotheses were set up, and the hypotheses were verified based on this questionnaire. The results of this study are as follows: First, it is found that the support for entrepreneurial policy has a positive effect on the behavior characteristics of entrepreneur. Second, it is found that the startup support such as policy fund affects the behavioral characteristics for finding the opportunity of the founder, but it does not affect the behavioral characteristics for the opportunity exploit. Third, it was found that the behavior characteristics of entrepreneur founding opportunity and exploition of entrepreneurial opportunity influenced the performance of the company. According to the this study, the following conclusion were obtained, First, it is necessary to apply different policies according to the stage of growth of startup companies. Second, startup companies grow through the stages of development of new technologies and ideas, commercialization, and marketing, at each stage, entrepreneur must overcome the so-called Death Valley, which requires funding.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.973-982
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• 2020

In this study, we examined inhibition of adipocyte differentiation associated with the administration of camphor, a substance identified in extracts of the flowering plant Chrysanthemum indicum L. (CI). No camphor-mediated cytotoxicity was observed over a period of 1-10 days in studies targeting cells of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte-like line. Experiments that featured siRNA-mediated suppression of the transmembrane proteins Patched (PTCH) and Smoothened (SMO) resulted in inhibition and activation of differentiation, respectively. Interestingly, inhibition of PTCH typically activates SMO protein targeting and serves to activate hedgehog (HH)-mediated signaling. The results of our study suggest that activation of HH-mediated signaling can inhibit adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, expression of glioma-associated oncogene homologue 1 (Gli1) was detected by flow cytometry in 62.7±1.5% of cells in response to administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (KCTC 3237) and in 60.4±2.2% of cells in response to camphor; these levels are higher than those detected in undifferentiated controls (24.9±3.1%). No change in the state of fermented camphor was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), but a 15.41% quantitative increase was confirmed in KCTC 3237. Overall, we conclude that administration of camphor resulted in overexpression of SMO and modulated the differential expression of Gli1. Animal studies focused on the impact of camphor as an agent to counteract obesity might be considered in the future. Indeed, camphor and similar physiologically active compounds from fermented CI might be developed as new and effective treatments for obesity.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.85-96
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• 2017

There are many people who start business because of unstable employment due to income polarization. There are many people who start business because of unstable this study is to present the necessary situation and direction for the prospective founders who are hesitant to start their own business by lacking self - confidence and information about Preparing for start-up the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of pre - founder's psychological characteristics and start - up preparation characteristics on entrepreneurship intention. In order to conduct this study, 144 male and 114 female who were temporary workers and about to retire were analyzed for validity and reliability using 258 questionnaires. As a result of analyzing the adjustment effect of entrepreneurship education as an interaction term in the psychological characteristics and the preparation characteristics of the entrepreneurship, the risk taking tendency and the preparation period for entrepreneurship were significant for entrepreneurship education. In addition, the greater the necessity and importance of entrepreneurship education, the greater the effect on entrepreneurship education. It is a meaningful study that can give confidence to the subjects who want to start a business but are afraid of failure. This study is expected to contribute to the government's start - up policy by analyzing the influence of pre - founders on the intention of start - up.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to verify the factors affecting corporate bankruptcy by using non-financial information of companies invested by credit guarantee institutions. In this study, 594 companies (525 normal companies, 69 insolvent companies) invested in by the Korea Credit Guarantee Fund from March 2014 to the end of December 2022 were selected as samples. Non-financial information of companies was divided into founder characteristics information, company characteristics information, and corporate investment information, and cross-analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted. As a result of the cross-analysis, personal credit rating, industry, and joint investment were selected as significant variables, and logistic regression analysis was conducted for those variables, and two variables, personal credit rating and joint investment, were selected as important factors for bankruptcy. In business management, the founder's personal credit and the importance of joint investment in investment support were found out. It will help to minimize bankruptcy if institutions that support investment in SMEs reflect these results in their screening and systematically build cooperative relationships with private investment institutions. It is hoped that this study will provide an opportunity to pay more attention to the factors that affect the bankruptcy of companies that receive direct investment from public institutions.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.13-26
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• 2024

This study investigates how entrepreneurial competencies affect firm outcomes for necessity entrepreneurship in Korea. Based on a survey collected from 162 necessity entrepreneurs, this study conducted multiple regression analysis. The statistical results show that founder entrepreneurial competencies, such as risk-taking, tend to be associated with positive outcomes financially as well as non-financially, which suggests that the existing propositions of previous research on the relationship between risk-taking and firm performance can be applied to necessity entrepreneurship as well. Additionally, founder opportunity competencies and resilience increase the likelihood of better financial performance in necessity entrepreneurship compared to others, whereas their effect on non-financial performance is not statistically significant. This indicates that necessity entrepreneurs are likely to focus more on financial performance to survive than on non-financial performance, particularly concerning variables related to sustainability such as the environment and society. The findings of this study contribute to knowledge concerning the role of necessity entrepreneurs' competencies in the performance of their companies.