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Effects of Information Sources on Enjoyment, Attitude, and Visit Intention in Restaurant (레스토랑의 정보 원천이 즐거움, 태도, 그리고 방문 의도에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Byoung-Seoung;Yang, Jae-Jang;Lee, Soo-Duck
    • The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.7-18
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    • 2018
  • Purpose - Consumers have a variety of strategies to find information about restaurants they want to visit. Consumers can search for and use information from a variety of sources before purchasing a product or service. The development of the Internet has made that consumers could access various informations easily. Therefore, this study classified commercial information provided by restaurants, public information shared by other unknown consumers, and personal information shared by customers' personal experiences or friends/family. This study is information sources influence on enjoyment, attitude and visit intention. Research design, data, methodology - In order to verify the research hypothesis, this study created questionnaires for each variable. Hypothesis analysis data were collected through surveys. In order to develop research hypotheses for this study, the scales was developed. The survey was conducted by an online survey company. Among the online panels owned by survey company, those who have visited restaurants through at least one of the 11 sources provided in this study within the last 3 months were surveyed. The survey period was 10 days from March 5 to 14, 2017. A total of 1,500 e-mails and messages were sent back to 301 of them, and 288 were used for analysis except for 13 missing responses. The data was analyzed by using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results - As a result of analysis, commercial and personal information have a positive effect on enjoyment, but general information did not affect enjoyment. In addition, personal information has a positive effect on attitude, but commercial information and general information did not affect attitude. It was found that commercial information influenced attitude by mediation of pleasure, and pleasure had no significant effect on visit intention. Finally, attitude has a significant effect on visit intention. Conclusions - The restaurant needs to provide accurate information through its homepage or brochure. Accurate information that is not exaggerated can save customers's the cost of believing on a restaurant and the cost of searching for other information. The restaurant which provides unfaithful advertisement would be excluded from customer's choice because customers perceive it as a unreliable restaurant. The marketing of restaurant should be carried out through customer-oriented for the visit of customers. And restaurants need to provide optimized services to their first-time customers in order to increase their revisit.

A Study of Financial Structure, Profitability, Growth and Financial Risk of Food Service Franchisor (외식산업프랜차이즈본사의 재무구조, 수익성, 성장성 및 재무위험에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Hoang-Taig
    • The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.85-108
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    • 2014
  • This study provides the information about size, financial structure, profitability and growth of franchisors using financial data(asset, liability, equity, sales volume, operating income and net income) in uniform franchise offering circular of fair trade commission. The data were collected from 1,050 franchisors in various business fields: fast food, family restaurant, bakery, agriculture & fishery and liquor shop in the uniform franchise offering circular in 2012 and 2011. Results of this study are as follows: For company size, median of total assets was KRW 675 million and the accumulated median assets rate was 0.48%, but the accumulated median company numbers were 49.9%, which showed small size. For financial structure, 525 companies were below 200% debt ratio, while 314 (29.9%) companies were in over 200% debt, and 211 (20.1%) companies were impaired in capital. These also showed financial structure was vulunerable. For profitability, median of ROA for total companies were only 4.72%, which showed low profitability. For growth, median of growth rate for sales were 7.57% per year, which showed mature industry. In overall, the results showed franchisors should improve their financial status.

A Study on the Need for Wedding Etiquette Training for Premarital Education (혼인준비자들의 혼례예절교육 요구도 연구)

  • Ju, Young-Ae
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.53-66
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this research is to assess the need for wedding etiquette training for couples in order to provide basic educational materials for brides and grooms-to-be. This survey consisted of 43 questions. The questions pertaining to the need for wedding etiquette training were measured using the 5-point Likert scale. The survey was conducted between September 1st, 2011 and December 1st, 2011. The research subjects consisted of 230 brides and grooms-to-be. Questionnaires were analyzed by frequency analysis, F-test, t-test, and correlation analysis using SPSS/win17.0. Based on our findings, we would like to make the following proposals and conclusions. First, as the importance of a wedding education program could be ascertained, educational demands need to be gathered and applied to the operation of such programs. The education and training programs need to be activated by wedding preparation education centers or the Health and Family Support Center, on weekends or week nights 3 months prior to a couple's wedding ceremony. Second, wedding etiquette training content needs to be included in existing education programs that primarily focus on helping couples adapt to married life. Such training content should specifically include the etiquette of exchanging wedding presents, home life etiquette, etiquette for the formal meeting between the families of the bride and bridegroom, pyebaek etiquette and ham (a box of wedding gifts sent by a bridegroom to his bride before the wedding) etiquette. Third, when examining the particulars of the need for wedding etiquette training, we came to the conclusion that couples should be properly educated about the meaning and value of the wedding presents, pyebaek and ham that are required during traditional wedding ceremonies. Fourth, the need for wedding etiquette training was shown to be higher for women than for men. It was also higher for individuals in specialized fields than for ordinary company employees. Wedding etiquette training programs need to be structured with such considerations in mind. Fifth, when structuring the program for wedding etiquette training, the correlation of the needs for training should be considered. It is necessary to prepare training plans by dividing the program into the following categories: the formal meeting between the families of the bride and the bridegroom, ham and wedding presents, wedding ceremony etiquette, pyebaek, and home life etiquette training.

Development of Content for Gender-Sensitive Work-Life Balance Organizational Culture Education : Focusing on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Jeonnam Area (성인지적 일·생활균형 조직문화 교육 콘텐츠 개발 : 전남지역의 중소기업을 중심으로)

  • Lee, Yu Ri
    • Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.49-62
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    • 2023
  • In order to create an organizational culture that prevents women's career breaks and promotes economic activities, this study aimed at developing educational content for workplace culture improvement for both male and female workers working at small and medium-sized enterprises in Jeollanam-do. The core content composition and content design specifically consider the characteristics of Jeollanam-do based on an advisory meeting of the field experts and researchers to ensure the on-site utilization of the content and the validity and consistency of the teaching content. The educational content is divided into three areas: understanding, effectiveness, and the implementation of a gender-sensitive work-life balance organizational culture. The aim of the content is for all employees to understand the meaning of work-life balance and to improve the organizational culture of their company from the perspective of individuals, families, companies, and society. In particular, the intention was to personally identify and implement measures to improve a gender-equal work-life balance, not only at work, but also with regard to domestic labor and leisure time. Furthermore, the content is presented from a gender-sensitive perspective that encompasses diversity, systems, and programs targeting women, men, single people, married people, young people, the elderly, and people with disabilities - all these groups are explained as examples. The content emphasizes that we should all actively participate in improving the organizational culture of our companies. In addition, the Women's New Work Center should seek ways to increase the motivation for the voluntary participation by companies and strengthen the expertise of instructors in work-life balance education.

Consumer Values Derived from Products by Consumers: Difference among the Four Types of Products Classified with Product Attributes and Visibility (소비자가 제품에서 추구하는 소비자가치: 제품 속성과 가시성에 따른 4가지 제품유형을 중심으로)

  • Park, Yoon Ji;Kim, Kee Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.50 no.7
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    • pp.81-96
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study is to understand consumer values derived from products by the contemporary consumers, as the meaning of a product is extended from the functional utilities to the mediums of fulfilling consumer values. Consumer values have been researched from the marketers' perspectives and, thus, the scales to measure consumer values tend to be too abstract and not always reflective of the consumers' perspectives. Holbrook's typology of consumer values is utilized and the products are classified into four groups according to the product characteristic of the utilitarian versus hedonic, and the consumption spaces of the indoor and outdoor. The findings are as follows. First, the values of efficiency, excellence, ethics, and spirituality are more likely derived from utilitarian products, while the value of play is more likely derived from the hedonic products. Second, the values of efficiency, excellence, and ethics are more likely derived from the indoor products, and values of playfulness, esthetics, status, and respect are more likely derived from the outdoor products. Third, the most frequently mentioned values are the efficiency, playfulness, and status. Fourth, the list of products answered as being representative for four types of products are short to include obvious products such as TV, mobile phone, computer, car, refrigerator, and MP3 player. Both the utilitarian and hedonic values are derived from TV, computer, and mobile phone, while the utilitarian value from refrigerator and car, and the hedonic value from MP3 player, digital camera, and game consoles. The results imply that consumer values should be carefully understood and reflected in developing new products in order to successfully fulfill consumers' underlying needs and requirements.

A Study on Correlation between Job Stress and Metabolic Syndrome of Male Employees of Electronic Goods Manufacturer (전자제품 제조업체 남성근로자의 직무 스트레스와 대사증후군의 관련성)

  • Kim, Tae-Hee;Jung, Myung-Hee;Lee, Se-Hun
    • Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.55-64
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between job stress and metabolic syndrome among male workers. Methods: A total of 396 male workers employed in an electronic company, located in 'P' city, Gyeonggi Province, who had taken medical examination at the 'D' hospital, volunteered in this study. All the data used in this study were obtained from 'D' hospital after getting consent and permission from the workers. General and occupational characteristics, medical history, and health-related behaviors of the subjects were obtained by self-administered questionnaire. Results: The highest occupational stress by sub-sector was reported in the order of insufficient job control, organizational system, lack of reward, job demand, job insecurity, physical environment, job culture, and relationship conflict. The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome of the participants was 19.9%. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis on metabolic syndrome of the subjects indicated that the syndrome was significantly higher among those with family history, smoking habit and ex-smoking, working duration of 3 years and over, and with higher total score of occupational stress. It was significantly more prevalent, when the degree of stress was high in the sub-sectors of occupational stress; job autonomy, job insecurity, lack of reward, and job culture. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is necessary to implement a plan to efficiently manage the job stress of these male workers, as the probability of metabolic syndrome increased with the increase of occupational stress. Furthermore, considering the highest occupational stress was found to be job autonomy among its sub-sectors, it is necessary to prepare various measures to enhance the autonomy of such employees.

A Study about Self-care for Hypertensives in Rural area (일부 농촌지역 고혈압 환자의 자가간호 수행요인 연구)

  • Park, Young-Im
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.45-60
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    • 1997
  • Essential hypertension is a typical chronic disease requiring adequate and continuous management. Many studies supported that self-care was the essential factor to promote the wellbeing of hypertensives and self-efficacy increased healthy, behavior. The comprehensive self-regulation program was conducted as a nursing intervention on the promotion self-care performance for hypertensives in company. And this self-regulation program was recommended to apply for hypertensives in rural area. The purpose of this study is to identify the general characteristics affecting self-care and interrelationship among the factors including self-care, self-efficacy, HLOC, perceived benefits, barriers and family support. 40 subjects were interviewed from Dec. 1996 to Jan. 1997 and the data was analyzed by the SPSS PC+ program with t-test and multiple correlation to determine the variables affecting the self-care behavior. The results were as follows: 1) Level of self-care was significant difference according to sex(t= -2.27, p=.0l9). religion (t=1.57, p=.055) and smoking habit (t=4.42, P=.000). Perceived self-efficacy was more significantly high among the non-smoking group (t=3.25, P=.000) and female group (t=-2.534, p=.0l3). 2) There were significant positive correlation among the variables: self-care and self-efficacy (r=.5460, p=.000), external-LOC and self-care(r=.2548, p=.056), external-LOC and self-efficacy(r =. 2901, p=.035), self-efficacy and perceived benefits (r=3307, p=.019). And there were significant negative correlation between self-care and barriers (r=-.5438, p=. 000), self-efficacy and barriers (r= - .4153, p=.004). From the above results, it can be concluded that the self-care is more required in male hypertensives and self-efficacy is one of the important factors to increase healthy behavior in cluding self-care. Thus self-regulation program can be recommended in the management of the hypertensives in community settings.

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The Relationship among Types of Lifestyle, Motivation, and Travel Product Selection of Baby Boomer Consumer (베이비부머소비자 라이프스타일 유형과 동기, 그리고 여행상품 선택간의 영향관계)

  • Kim, Eun-Joo
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.21-32
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    • 2016
  • Baby boomers who were born right after Korea War make up about 15% of population of Korea and lead an aging society rapidly. They're retiring since from 2012 and going to make up nearly 80% of total of old retirees. Baby Boomers with much higher income and education levels are going to enjoy their retirement as traveling. Therefore, this study invests the relationship between lifestyle and travel product selection of baby boomer consumer. Two big results are as follows. One is that baby boomers progress consumption activity(because they have their own purchasing power) and have health and leisure lifestyle and family lifestyle. The other is when they select travel product, they eventually consider three elements- travel company, transportation, and travel colleague.

Imabari Maritime Cluster: A Case Analysis of Japan Maritime Cluster (이마바리해사클러스터의 사례분석)

  • HAN, Jong-khil
    • The Journal of shipping and logistics
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.695-710
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    • 2018
  • Following the collapse of Hanjin Shipping, building a strong maritime cluster is one of the policy measures for the re-construction of the Korean shipping and shipbuilding industries. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop a policy alternative for building a maritime cluster. Using Porter's diamond models, we analyzed the Imabari maritime cluster of Japan, which is characterized by cooperation between key industries, such as shipping, shipbuilding, shipbuilding equipment, and finance. The Imabari Maritime Cluster is equipped with complete domestic demand conditions and related supporting industry conditions. Although the strengths of the production conditions include excellent family-based management and strong support from regional administration and banks which develops independency among cluster members, the weak points include the absense of robust port services and difficulty in recruiting young talent in small and medium-sized cities. We can confirm that the company's strategy is focused on stable management, rather than a short-term view.

Consumer Awareness and Evaluation of Retailers' Social Responsibility: An Exploratory Approach into Ethical Purchase Behavior from a U.S Perspective (소비자인지도화령수상사회책임(消费者认知度和零售商社会责任): 종미국시각출발적도덕구매행위적탐색성연구(从美国视角出发的道德购买行为的探索性研究))

  • Lee, Min-Young;Jackson, Vanessa P.
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2010
  • Corporate social responsibility has become a very important issue for researchers (Greenfield, 2004; Maignan & Ralston, 2002; McWilliams et al., 2006; Pearce & Doh 2005), and many consider it necessary for businesses to define their role in society and apply social and ethical standards to their businesses (Lichtenstein et al., 2004). As a result, a significant number of retailers have adopted CSR as a strategic tool to promote their businesses. To this end, this study sought to discover U.S. consumers' attitudes and behavior in ethical purchasing and consumption based on their subjective perception and evaluation of a retailer. The objectives of this study include: 1) determine the participants awareness of retailers corporate social responsibility; 2) assess how participants evaluate retailers corporate social responsibility; 3) examine whether participants evaluation process of retailers CSR influence their attitude toward the retailer; and 4) assess if participants attitude toward the retailers CSR influence their purchase behavior. This study does not focus on actual retailers' CSR performance because a consumer's decision making process is based on an individual assessment not an actual fact. This study examines US college students' awareness and evaluations of retailers' corporate social responsibility (CSR). Fifty six college students at a major Southeastern university participated in the study. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 26 years old. Content analysis was conducted with open coding and focused coding. Over 100 single-spaced pages of written responses were collected and analyzed. Two steps of coding (i.e., open coding and focused coding) were conducted (Esterberg, 2002). Coding results and analytic memos were used to understand participants' awareness of CSR and their ethical purchasing behavior supported through the selection and inclusion of direct quotes that were extracted from the written responses. Names used here are pseudonyms to protect confidentiality of participants. Participants were asked to write about retailers, their aware-ness of CSR issues, and to evaluate a retailer's CSR performance. A majority (n = 28) of respondents indicated their awareness of CSR but have not felt the need to act on this issue. Few (n=8) indicated that they are aware of this issue but not greatly concerned. Findings suggest that when college students evaluate retailers' CSR performance, they use three dimensions of CSR: employee support, community support, and environmental support. Employee treatment and support were found as an important criterion in evaluation of retailers' CSR. Respondents indicated that their good experience with a retailer as an employee made them have a positive perception and attitude toward the retailer. Regarding employee support four themes emerged: employee rewards and incentives based on performance, working environment, employee education and training program, and employee and family discounts. Well organized rewards and incentives were mentioned as an important attribute. The factors related to the working environment included: how well retailers follow the rules related to working hours, lunch time and breaks was also one of the most mentioned attributes. Regarding community support, three themes emerged: contributing a percentage of sales to the local community, financial contribution to charity organizations, and events for community support. Regarding environments, two themes emerged: recycling and selling organic or green products. It was mentioned in the responses that retailers are trying to do what they can to be environmentally friendly. One respondent mentioned that the company is creating stores that have an environmentally friendly design. Information about what the company does to help the environment can easily be found on the company’s website as well. Respondents have also noticed that the stores are starting to offer products that are organic and environmentally friendly. A retailer was also mentioned by a respondent in this category in reference to how the company uses eco-friendly cups and how they are helping to rebuild homes in New Orleans. The respondents noticed that a retailer offers reusable bags for their consumers to purchase. One respondent stated that a retailer uses its products to help the environment, through offering organic cotton. After thorough analysis of responses, we found that a participant's evaluation of a retailers' CSR influenced their attitudes towards retailers. However, there was a significant gap between attitudes and purchasing behavior. Although the participants had positive attitudes toward retailers CSR, the lack of funds and time influenced their purchase behavior. Overall, half (n=28) of the respondents mentioned that CSR performance affects their purchasing decisions making when shopping. Findings from this study provide support for retailers to consider their corporate social responsibility when developing their image with the consumer. This study implied that consumers evaluate retailers based on employee, community and environmental support. The evaluation, attitude and purchase behavior of consumers seem to be intertwined. That is, evaluation is based on the knowledge the consumer has of the retailers CSR. That knowledge may influence their attitude toward the retailer and thus influence their purchase behavior. Participants also indicated that having CSR makes them think highly of the retailer, but it does not influence their purchase behavior. Price and convenience seem to surpass the importance of CSR among the participants. Implications, recommendations for future research, and limitations of the study are also discussed.