• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1269-1275
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• 2014

Ecotoxicity assessments with the physiochemical water quality items and the bioassay test using Daphnia magna were conducted for 18 selected effluents of 6 industrial types (metal processing, petroleum refining, synthetic textile manufacturing, plating, alcohol beverage manufacturing, inorganic compound manufacturing) being detected toxicity from industrial effluent in Ulsan city, and the interrelationship between total toxic unit (${\Sigma}TU$) and concentrations of Water Quality Conservation Act in Korea were investigated. The average toxic unit(TU) of effluents for 6 industrial types displayed the following ascending order: petroleum refining (0.2) < synthetic textile manufacturing (0.6) < alcohol beverage manufacturing (0.9) < metal processing (1.3) ${\leq}$ inorganic compound manufacturing (1.3) < plating (3.0). These values were less than effluent permission standard. Based on the result of substances causing ecotoxicity, the correlation analysis was not easy because most of heavy metals were not detected or were less than effluent permission standard. Toxicological assessment of industrial effluent was suitable for the evaluation of the mixture toxicity for pollutant. The whole effluent toxicity test using a variety of species was needed for the evaluation of industrial wastewater.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 물벼룩 감시장치를 이용하여 생태독성 기준 1 TU(Toxic Unit)에 해당하는 물벼룩 감시장치의 TI(Toxic Index)값을 설정하고 NOEC와 $EC_{50}$에서 물벼룩 감시장치를 운영하였을 때 적절히 경보가 발령되어 실시간 생태독성 평가가 가능한 지 타진하였다. 연구목적을 위해 국 내외 관련 자료를 조사하여 선행연구를 하였고 인공 하천수를 대상으로 먹는물 수질감시항목에서 권고하는 59개 유해물질 중 6개(As, Hg, Cr, Diazinon, Dioxane, Phenol) 물질을 채택하여 지수식과 유수식 그리고 정도관리 시험을 실시하였다. 시험결과 NOEC 유수식 시험에서 Diazinon을 제외한 다른 물질들은 TI가 양호단계로 나타났고 $EC_{50}$ Spiking test에서 1 TU 이상과 1 TU 이하를 구분하여 TI는 TU에 상응하게 경보를 발령했다. 본 연구결과는 생태독성관리제도의 보완점을 생각하고 효율적인 관리체계로의 전환을 요구하는 하나의 메시지가 된다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 SDA(Separated Doughnut Auger)매입말뚝의 지지성능이 잘 발휘될 수 있는 표준시공법에 대한 매뉴얼을 정리하여 제시하였다. 또한 전국 36개 현장에서 여러 가지 시멘트밀크 배합비를 사용하여 SDA매입공법으로 시공한 379본의 시험말뚝에 대하여 438회의 동재하시험을 시행하였다 동재하시험결과 SDA매입말뚝의 지지력은 시멘트밀크의 배합비에 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었으며, 단위선단지지력과 단위마찰지지력을 시멘트밀크의 배합비와 지반종류별로 정량적으로 계산할 수 있는 식을 제안하였다. 또한 시멘트밀크 배합비가 SDA매입말뚝의 지지력에 미치는 영향을 검토하였고 이들 제안식을 기존의 표준시방서에 제시되어 매입말뚝설계에 적용되는 기존의 식들과 비교 고찰하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.232-328
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• 2001

This paper investigates the influences of water content and viscosity agent on the bleeding of concrete. According to test results, fluidity shows decline tendency as water content decreases, and dosage of viscosity agent increases. PEO viscosity agent does not affect the air contents while, MC viscosity agent causes air loss. As for bleeding, bleeding decreases with decrease of water content. As dosage of viscosity agent increase, bleeding decreases, regardless of viscosity kinds. It is thought that viscosity agents have the favorable effect of reducing bleeding, if fluidity and air loss are improved.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.506-511
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• 1999

The pilot system for radioactive liquid laundry waste was developed with treatment capacity, 1ton/hr and set up in the Yong Kwang unit #4. The system is composed of tank module, RO systems and a UV/$H_2O$$_2$photo-oxidation unit. The RO system consists of the BW unit (low-pressure RO for brackish water desalination) and the SW unit (high-pressure RO for seawater desalination). The BW unit possesses 4 RO membranes and it can reduce the feed water volume down to 1/10. This concentrated feed water can be reduced again up to 1/10 in its volume in the SW unit composed of 4 RO membranes. The UV/$H_2O$$_2$ photo-oxidation process unit was used for the detergent degradation. The operation of the pilot system was carried out and verified in its capability through the continuous operation and concentration operation using the actual liquid waste from the power plant. The design criteria and data for industrialization were yielded. The efficiency of the UV/$H_2O$$_2$ photo-oxidation process and the optimum operational procedure were evaluated. The decontamination factors for radioactive cobalt and cesium were measured. This on-site test showed the experimental result in the DF$\geq$300 and volume reduction factor$\geq$100.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.632-637
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• 2014

Proficiency testing by interlaboratory comparisons is used to determine the performance of individual laboratories. In order to verify the quality of acute toxicity testing with Daphnia magna, National Institute of Environmental Research in South Korea is regularly organizing interlaboratory comparisons to estimate the analytical accuracy of different laboratories. Total 58 laboratories located in South Korea took part in interlaboratory proficiency testing scheme with three proficiency testing samples. TU(Toxic Unit) values of each laboratory were determined and robust z-score was calculated in order to evaluate the proficiency levels. Based on the robust z-score classification, 74% of the participant laboratories showed a satisfactory performance (43 laboratories). The main reason of 'unsatisfactory' performance seemed to be considered that the unsuitable management of test organism incubation system and the lack of experience on the identification of the test organism condition by effect of toxicity.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 순환골재를 이용한 투수성 콘크리트의 역학적 특성을 조사하기 위하여 단위중량, 물-시멘트비를 달리한 공시체를 제작하여 일축압축강도시험과 투수시험을 실시하였다. 공시체 제작에 사용된 순환골재는 투수콘크리트의 투수성을 확보하기 위하여 그 입경을 $40{\pm}5mm$의 등입도로 조정하였으며 물-시멘트는 빈배합이 되도록 결정하였다. 3일간 양생시킨 공시체에 대하여 제작 조건에 따라 역학특성을 분석한 결과 일축압축강도와 변형계수는 물-시멘트비가 40%인 경우와 단위중량이 $1.8t/m^3$인 경우에 최대값을 나타내었으며, 투수계수는 물-시멘트비와 단위중량의 크기에 관계없이 평균적으로 $0.9{\times}10^0cm/sec$의 값을 나타내었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.397-406
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• 2009

This study was conducted to monitor the floc sizes forming in the mixing zone in the water treatment plant. The dosing amount of poly aluminium chloride(PAC) was determined by particle dispersion analyzer(iPDA) in the lab and field scale test. During a field test period, PAC coagulant was used and the raw water was taken from Nakdong river. PAC wad diluted to activate the coagulant, leading to bring the more homogeneous dispersion in the shorter time. To monitor the floc sizes, the unit of floc size index(FSI) was used. With increasing of raw water turbidity, FSI value was increased. Also, the increased dosing amount of PAC brought the increased FSI and with overdosing of coagulant was in turn decreased. When the PAC was fed into the raw water after dilution in a field scale test, the width of FSI was narrower compared with the feeding of the mother liquor of PAC, implying that the formed flocs are denser and more uniform sizes. The width of FSI in average was varied on depending on the basicity of coagulant. Also, dF value, fractal dimension was evalued with the different coagulants, showing from 2.01 to 2.03. On-line floc monitor was effective for the optimal dosing in the drinking water plant.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 창립총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.84-89
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• 2000

Parametric studies based on laboratory pilot tests were performed to investigate the relationships between electrical resistivity and contaminated soil properties. Three kinds of sandy soils sampled and leachates from a industrial waste landfill were mixed to model the contaminated soils. Electrical resistivity of soils were measured by using a simulated resistivity cone penetrometer probe. In the experiments, the electrical resistivity were observed with changing the water content, void ratio, unit weight, degree of saturation, and concentration of the leachate. The test results show that the electrical resistivity of soils depends largely on the water content and the electrical property of pore water rather than unit weight and types of soils.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.519-524
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• 2007

In this study, NR GT 101 (water-to-water Ground source heat pump unit) and NR GT 102 (water-to-air Ground source heat pump unit) related with ISO and ARI guideline were introduced and researched. GSHPs testing was performed by NR GT 101, 102 and analyzed performance factors. Test result, Energy Efficiency Ratio and Coefficient of performance factor of GSHPs were relatively low at an average value rather than Certification.