• Title/Summary/Keyword: underground storage

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Review on Thermal Storage Media for Cavern Thermal Energy Storage (지하공동 열에너지 저장을 위한 축열 매질의 기술 현황 검토)

  • Park, Jung-Wook;Park, Do-Hyun;Choi, Byung-Hee;Han, Kong-Chang
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.243-256
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    • 2012
  • Developing efficient and reliable energy storage system is as important as exploring new energy resources. Energy storage system can balance the periodic and quantitative mismatch between energy supply and energy demand and increase the energy efficiency. Industrial waster heat and renewable energy such as solar energy can be stored by the thermal energy storage (TES) system at high and low temperatures. TES system using underground rock carven is considered as an attractive alternative for large-scale storage, because of low thermal conductivity and chemical safety of surrounding rock mass. In this report, the development of available thermal energy storage methods and the characteristics of storage media were introduced. Based on some successful applications of cavern storage and high-temperature storage reported in the literature, the applicabilities and practicabilities of storage media and technologies for large-scale cavern thermal energy storage (CTES) were reviewed.

Norwegian Tunnelling in General

  • Rygh, Jan A.
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.123-151
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    • 1992
  • “Norwegian Tunnelling in General" will cover the following subjects : - Short introduction to the geology of Norway - Major considerations in rock installations - Hydropower plants, roads, tunnels, oil and gas storage in rock, drinking water storage, sewage plants, frozen food storage, defence and civil defence projects, including sports arenas and swimming pools, etc.

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Variation of the Physical-microstructural Properties of Sandstone and Shale Caused by CO2 Reaction in High Pressure Condition (고압 이산화탄소 반응에 의한 사암과 셰일의 물리적-미세구조적 변화)

  • Park, Jihwan;Son, Jin;Park, Hyeong-Dong
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.293-303
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    • 2016
  • Underground $CO_2$ storage technology is one of the most effective methods to reduce atmospheric $CO_2$. In this study, $CO_2$ storage condition was simulated in the laboratory. Sandstone and shale specimens were saturated in 1M NaCl and were reacted at $45^{\circ}C$, 10 atm for 4 weeks. The physical and microstructural properties of rock specimens were measured. Variations on physical properties of shale specimens were bigger than those of sandstone specimens, such as volume, density, elastic wave velocity, Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus. Microstructure were analyzed using X-ray computed tomography. Total number of pores were decreased, and average volume, average area and average equivalent diameter of each pore were changed after $CO_2$ reaction. Swelling and leakage of clay mineral caused by $CO_2$-mineral reaction were the reason of changes. The results of this study can be applied to predict the physical and microstructural changes in underground $CO_2$ storage condition.

Stability Analysis for Ground Uplift in Underground Storage Caverns for High Pressurized Gas using Hoek-Brown Strength Criterion and Geological Strength Index (GSI) (Hoek-Brown 강도기준식 및 암질강도지수를 이용한 고압 유체 지하저장 공동의 융기에 대한 안정성 평가)

  • Kim, Hyung-Mok
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.289-296
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    • 2014
  • A simple analytical approach for stability assessment of underground storage caverns against ground uplift of overburden rock above the rock caverns for high pressurized fluid such as compressed air energy storage (CAES) and compressed natural gas (CNG) was developed. In the developed approach, we assumed that failure plane of the overburden is straight upward to ground surface, and factor of safety can be calculated from a limit equilibrium analysis in terms of this cylindrical shape failure model. The frictional resisting force on the failure plane was estimated by Hoek-Brown strength criterion which replaces with Mohr-Coulomb criterion such that both intact rock strength and rock mass conditions can be considered in the current approach. We carried out a parametric sensitivity analysis of strength parameters under various rock mass conditions and demonstrated that the factor of safety againt ground uplift was more sensitive to Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion rather than Hoek-Brown criterion.

The Estimation of Temperature distribution around Gas Storage Cavern (저온가스 저장공동 주위암반의 온도분포 예측에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Yang;Lee, Seung-Do;Moon, Hyun-Koo
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.16-25
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    • 2004
  • As underground caverns have many advantages such as safety and operation, they can also be used for gas storage purpose. When liquefied gas is stored underground, the cryogenic temperature of the gas affects the stability of the storage cavern. In order to store the liquefied gas successfully, it is essential to estimate the exact temperature distribution of the rock mass around the caverns. The main purpose of this study is the development of theoretical solution to be able to estimate the temperature distribution around storage caverns and the assessment of the solution. In this study, a theoretical solution and a conceptual model for estimating two and three dimensional temperature distribution around the storage caverns are suggested. Based on the multi-dimensional transient heat transfer theory, the theoretical solution is successfully derived by assuming the caverns shape as simplified geometry. In order to assess the theoretical solution, by performing numerical experiments with this multi-dimensional model, the temperature distribution of the theoretical solution is compared with that of numerical analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the caverns size are investigated.

Prefeasibility Study on the Construction and the Operation of the Underground Cold Storage in Lam Dong Province, Vietnam (베트남 렁동성 지하냉장창고 건설 및 운영에 관한 예비타당성 조사)

  • Kim, Ho Yeong;Shin, Yong Hoon;An, Ji Hyun;Vinh, Bui Trong;Dung, Ta Quoc
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.184-197
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    • 2021
  • The agricultural industry in Lam Dong Province has been growing in volume and kinds of produces. Various vegetables, fruits, flowers and coffee are the characteristics of the agriculture industry in Lam Dong. This situation makes the necessity of chilled and cold storages with commercial capacity. Another factor in Lam Dong is that there are more than 70 quarries under operation or abandoned. Upon the MOU between Lam Dong Government, BCMP and RIGPE, BCMP and RIGPE carried out the prefeasibility study on the construction of the underground cold storages using abandoned quarries in the Lam Dong area. They submitted the final report of the prefeasibility to the Lam Dong Government in August, 2018. In this report, the overall summary of the prefeasibility of the underground cold storage in Lam Dong is presented.

The Fluid Flow and Heat Storage Performance in Thermal Storage Bed using Gravel (자갈축열층의 공기유동 및 축열성능)

  • Lee, Jong Won
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.56 no.3
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    • pp.75-81
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    • 2014
  • Fossil energy is needed for a whole year greenhouse cropping due to climate in South Korea. Because the most of the fossil energy resources is imported, it is necessary to develop technology to be able to reduce the energy cost in order to manage greenhouse profitably. The greenhouse commonly consume less amount of energy as compared to other industrial sectors. Replacement of fossil fuel with solar thermal storage, therefore, can be an economical as well as environmentally sustainable option for greenhouse heating. The fluid flow, heat storage and radiation characteristic of the gravel bed model were analyzed to provide basic data for design of the experimental solar heated greenhouse with underground thermal storage using gravel. The air flow velocity in the gravel storage bed was proven to be affected from the capacity of circulation fan and the circulation method and the positive pressure method was proven to be the best among the different air circulation methods. The initial air temperature of the thermal storage bed of 1.2 m $wide{\times}9$ m $long{\times}0.9$ m deep was $10^{\circ}C$. After the thermal storage bed is heated by air of the mean temperature $4^{\circ}C$ during 9 hours, the temperature has increased about $20.3^{\circ}C$ and the storage of heat was about 33,000 kcal. The important factors should be taken into consideration for design of the solar heated greenhouse with underground thermal storage using gravel are insulation of rock storage, amount of storing heat, inflow rate and direction of inlet and outlet duct.

Prediction of Hydrodynamic Behavior of Unsaturated Ground Due to Hydrogen Gas Leakage in a Low-depth Underground Hydrogen Storage Facility (저심도 지중 수소저장시설에서의 수소가스 누출에 따른 불포화 지반의 수리-역학적 거동 예측 연구)

  • Go, Gyu-Hyun;Jeon, Jun-Seo;Kim, YoungSeok;Kim, Hee Won;Choi, Hyun-Jun
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.38 no.11
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    • pp.107-118
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    • 2022
  • The social need for stable hydrogen storage technologies that respond to the increasing demand for hydrogen energy is increasing. Among them, underground hydrogen storage is recognized as the most economical and reasonable storage method because of its vast hydrogen storage capacity. In Korea, low-depth hydrogen storage using artificial protective structures is being considered. Further, establishing corresponding safety standards and ground stability evaluation is becoming essential. This study evaluated the hydro-mechanical behavior of the ground during a hydrogen gas leak from a low-depth underground hydrogen storage facility through the HM coupled analysis model. The predictive reliability of the simulation model was verified through benchmark experiments. A parameter study was performed using a metamodel to analyze the sensitivity of factors affecting the surface uplift caused by the upward infiltration of high-pressure hydrogen gas. Accordingly, it was confirmed that the elastic modulus of the ground was the largest. The simulation results are considered to be valuable primary data for evaluating the complex analysis of hydrogen gas explosions as well as hydrogen gas leaks in the future.

Investigation and Design of Underground Cavern for Oil Storage in Korea (국내 원유 비축 지하공동의 조사 및 설계 사례)

  • 김치환
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.190-198
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    • 1992
  • This study is to summarize the contents for the investigation and design of the construction for oil storage. Since underground caverns are large scale, in their construction one should consider the mechanical stability of caverns and the economic view of construction. On the basis of them, cavern's section and layout were determined and water curtains were designed to maintain hydraulic equilibrium so that gases were sealed tightly. Also the supporting criterial for rock bolt and stotcrete were determined by means of the classification of rock masses and the results of finite element method. The criteria of grouting reinforcement were presented according to the results of injection test in the pilot holes of working face.

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Management Criteria of Underground Strage Tank for Prevention of Soil Contamination (토양오염방지를 위한 지하저장탱크의 관리 방안 연구)

  • Kim, Joon Hyun;Han, Young Han
    • Journal of Industrial Technology
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    • v.18
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    • pp.453-460
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze their status of underground storage tank(UST) facilities and level of soil contamination, and to establish its management criteria. DB program was developed to analyze the correlation between specific characteristic of UST and level of soil contamination. For a suitable management of UST, leakage monitoring and inspection method of UST was investigated. Inspection period was established based on the leakage rate. The most dominant factor for leakage seemed to be caused by the corrosion. Therefore, main factor, construction method and installation year of UST, and corrosion protection system were suggested for optimal protection of UST. Considering the present management status of UST in Korea, inspection and management criteria of UST should be accomplished in term of contamination protection of leakage, and flexible regulation act should be introduced for each specific site.

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