• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
• /
• pp.725-726
• /
• 2006

Ultra-fine grained and dispersion-strengthened titanium materials (Ti-Si, Ti-C, Ti-Si-C) have been produced by high energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Silicon or/and carbon were milled together with the titanium powder to form nanometer-sized and homogeneously distributed titanium silicides or/and carbides as dispersoids, that should prevent grain coarsening during the SPS compaction and contribute to strengthening of the material. The microstructures and the mechanical properties showed that strength, hardness and wear resistance of the sintered materials have been significantly improved by the mechanisms of grain refinement and dispersion strengthening. The use of an organic fluid as carrier of the dispersoid forming elements caused a significant increase in ductility.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2005

Thermal stability and dry sliding wear behavior of ultra-fine grained 6061 Al alloy fabricated by an accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) process have been investigated. After 4 ARB cycles, an ultra-fine grained microstructure of the 6061 Al alloy composed of grains with average size of 500nm, and separated mostly by high-angle boundaries was obtained. Though hardness and tensile strength of the ARB processed Al alloy increased with ARB cycles up to 4 cycles, the processed alloy exhibited decreased ductility and little strain hardening. Thermal stability of the ARB-processed microstructure was studied by annealing of the severely deformed alloy at $423K{\sim}573K$. The refined microstructure of the alloy remained stable up to 473K, and the peak aging treatment of the alloy at 450K for 8 hrs increased the thermal stability of the alloy. Sliding-wear rates of the alloy increased with the number of ARB cycles in spite of the increased hardness with the cycles. Wear mechanisms of the ultra-fine grained alloy were investigated by examining worn surfaces, wear debris, and cross-sections by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한용접접합학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 개요집
• /
• pp.253-255
• /
• 2003

Commercially pure 1050 aluminum alloy with ultra-fine grain sizes was produced by a friction stir process. The maximum temperature in the friction stir processed zone decreased almost linearly with the tool rotation speed. In the friction stir processed zone, dislocation density was very low and fine equiaxed grains were observed. The grain size decreased with tool rotation speed. It is noteworthy that, for 560 rpm, a grain size decreased to even the submicron level with only the single pass of friction stir process. These fine grains resulted in improvement in hardness of the friction stir processed zone.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.13-14
• /
• 2006

The quality of tool material is very important factor in machining evaluation. The characteristics of tungsten carbide, such as grain size and hardness, and density are depending on the variation of Co composition and WC size. In this study, the non-coated end mill which is made of ultra-fine tungsten carbide is investigated by measuring tool wear and tool lift test. The machining test is conducted with high hardened workpiece under high-speed cutting condition.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국분말야금학회 1995년도 추계학술강연 및 발표대회 강연 및 발표논문 초록집
• /
• pp.27-28
• /
• 1995

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제49권11호
• /
• pp.868-873
• /
• 2011

In this study, the fabrication of ultra fine grained Mo bulk was conducted. $MoO_3$ nanopowders were prepared by a high energy ball-milling process and then reduced at the temperature of $800^{\circ}C$ without holding time in $H_2$ atmosphere. The particle size of Mo nanopowder was ~150 nm and grain size was ~40 nm. The two-step process was employed for the sintering of Mo nanopowder to obtain fine grain size. The densification over 90% could be obtained by the two-step sintering with a grain size of less than 660 nm. For higher density, modified two-step sintering was designed. 95% of theoretical density with the grain size of 730 nm was obtained by the modified two-step sintering.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.536-544
• /
• 2016

최근 초고층 구조물이 증가함에 따라 구조내력 확보를 위해 80~100 MPa 수준의 초고강도 콘크리트 사용이 증가하고 있는데, 이들 구성 재료 중 사용량이 가장 많은 골재는 종류나 특성에 따라 초고강도 콘크리트의 성능 및 경제성에 미치는 영향이 크므로 이에 대한 고찰이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 100 MPa 급 초고강도 콘크리트의 공학적 특성에 미치는 잔골재 영향을 고찰하고자, 석회암잔골재(LFA), 전기로 산화 슬래그 잔골재(EFA), 세척사(SFA) 및 화강암 부순 잔골재(GFA)의 4종과 이들을 상호 혼합한 4종의 혼합골재를 선정하여 초고강도 콘크리트의 공학적 특성을 고찰하고자 한다. W/B 20%에서 보통포틀랜드시멘트:플라이애시:실리카흄의 비율을 7:2:1로 조합한 콘크리트를 제조하였다. 연구결과에 따르면 LFA 사용 배합이 양호한 잔골재의 입형 및 입도 등 입자특성에 기인하여 동일 고성능 감수제 사용량에서 가장 높은 슬럼프 플로 및 높은 충전성을 확보하며, 혼합골재 사용 배합에 비해 전반적인 유동성이 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 압축강도 및 자기 수축 저감 성능은 EFA 및 LFA 사용 배합이 여타 골재 종류 및 혼합조합에 비해 골재 자체의 양호한 탄성계수 및 강도 그리고 EFA의 free-CaO에 기인하여 보다 양호한 성능을 갖고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2008

The development of the equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) process in metals has recently provided a feasible solution to produce ultra-fine or nano-grained bulk materials with tailored material properties. However, ECAP process is difficult to scale up commercially due to requirements of an excessive load. In this paper, a new Hybrid-ECAP process with torsional die is considered to obtain materials of ultra-fine grain structure under low forming load. An upper bound analysis and numerical simulation (DEFORM 3D, a commercial FEM code) are carried out on the torsional die. By the upper bound analysis, analytical expression for the compression force and rotation speed are obtained. By the FEM analysis, the distribution of strain, stress and deformation are obtained. These results show that the Hybrid-ECAP is a useful process because this process can obtain the homogeneous deformations with relatively low forming load. Additionally, due to decreased forming load, die life can be improve.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제47권7호
• /
• pp.397-405
• /
• 2009

The high strain rate deformation behavior of ultra-fine grained 5083 aluminum alloys prepared via equal channel angular (ECA) extrusion was investigated in this study. The microstructure of ECA extruded specimens consisted of ultra-fine grains, and contained a considerable amount of second phase particles, which were fragmented and distributed homogeneously in the matrix. According to the dynamic torsion test results, the maximum shear stress and fracture shear strain of the route A (no rotation) specimen were lower than those of route C ($180^{\circ}$ rotation) specimen since that adiabatic shear bands of $100{\mu}m$ in width were formed in the route A specimen. The formation of adiabatic shear bands was addressed by concepts of critical shear strain, deformation energy required for void initiation, and microstructural homogeneity associated with ECA operations.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제46권9호
• /
• pp.563-571
• /
• 2008

The influence of annealing treatment on dynamic deformation behavior of ultra-fine grained aluminum alloys was investigated in this study. After equal-channel angular pressing at $200^{\circ}C$, most of the grains were considerably reduced to nearly equiaxed grains of $0.3{\mu}m$ in size. With an increment of various annealing treatments for 1 hour, resultant microstructures were found to be fairly stable at temperatures up to $200^{\circ}C$, suggesting that static recovery would be dominantly operative, whereas grain growth was pronounced above $250^{\circ}C$. The tensile test results showed that yield and ultimate tensile strengths decreased, but elongation-to-failure and strain hardening rate increased with increasing annealing temperature. The dynamic deformation behavior retrieved with a series of torsional tests was explored with respect to annealed microstructures. Such mechanical response was analyzed in relation to resultant microstructure and fracture mode.