• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.301-307
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• 1995

In the particulate fraction obtained from PKC-down regulated K562 cells by treatment for 24 h with 200nM TPA, phosphorylation of two proteins with molecular weight, 100 kDa and 23 kDa (designated p100 and p23, respectvely) was depleted and addition of exogenous purified PKC to this fraction failed to testore their phosphorylation. However, in the soluble fraction, all of phosphoproteins abolished by long-term treatment with TPA were restored by exogenously added PKC. Phosphorylation of two proteins was increased by short-term tretment (20 min), and diminished with the persistant exposure to TPA as well as at a concentration as low as 1nM. When K562 cells were treated with 1 nM and 200 nM TPA for 24 h, phosphorylation of p100 was restored with or without exogenous PKC on 2-3day and 6day after removal of treated TPA, respectively. Two-dimensional electrophoresis of phosphoproteins revealed that phosphorylated p100 (pl=5.9) and p66 species were completely absent from the particulate fraction of K562 cells treated with 200nM TPA for 24 h. These results suggest that the interaction of sensitive endogenous substrates, p100 and p23 with the plasma membrane might be regulated by PKC-down regulation without displacement to the cytosol and the interaction of p100 with the membrane might be reveersible.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.386-390
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• 2016

Water aeration is an effective water treatment process, which involves the injection of air or air-water mixture into water treatment reservoir commonly through pipes. The main purpose of water aeration is to maintain healthy levels of dissolved oxygen (DO), which is the most important water quality factor. The pipes' operating conditions are important for controlling the efficiency and effectiveness of aeration process. Many studies have been conducted on two-phase flows in pipes, however, there are a few studies to deal with small s ale in millimeter. The main objective of this study is to perform 2-dimensional two-phase simulations inside various straight pipes using the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) OpenFOAM (Open source Field Operation And Manipulation) tools to examine the influence of flow patterns on bubble size, which is closely related to DO concentration in a water body. The both flow regimes, laminar and turbulence, have been considered in this study. For turbulence, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) has been applied. The coalescence and breakage of bubbles caused by random collisions and turbulent eddies, respectively, are considered in this research. Sauter mean bubble diameter and water velocity are compared against experimental data. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.555-563
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• 1985

본 논문에서는 원주(circular cylinder)가 균일속도장에 놓였을 때의 2차원적 인 난류후류유동 특성을 실험에 의해 조사하고, 근접후류에서의 주기적인 대규모 운동 에 의한 코히어런트구조가 하류에서 자체유사(selfpreserving)로 되어 가는 데 있어서 의 난류변동성분에 관한 해석을 위해 확률밀도함수, 자기상관계수, 파워스펙트럼 등과 같은 통계적 처리기법을 도입하고자 한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.506-514
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• 1986

Coarctation of aorta is rather common congenital cardiovascular defect in the western countries, but it is known to be rare in Korea. And no coarctation of Aorta has been reported and operated upon during early infancy in Korea. During 4 months period from May 1984 to September 1984, four small infants of coarctation of aorta were seen and treated surgically by subclavian flap aortoplasty in Guro Hospital, Korea University. All infants were male, ranging from 7 days to 54 days old [mean 29 days], weighing between 3.2 Kg and 5.0 Kg [mean 4.1 Kg], and all were in congestive heart failure. Examination of the femoral artery pulse gave in all cases clues to the diagnosis. By Two dimensional echocardiogram, detail anatomical features as well as the diagnosis were revealed and associated anomalies, for example, ventricular septal defect could be seen. Besides one case of isolated coarctation of aorta, other three infants had associated VSD. The 3 patients with VSD were treated by pulmonary artery banding in addition to aortoplasty. The postoperative course were smooth in all patients. In conclusion, coarctation of aorta may not be so rare in Korea as we thought previously. The importance of femoral pulse examination can not be overemphasized for the diagnosis. As we experienced, two-dimensional echocardiography in most cases can substitute those invasive examinations such as angiography and catheterization which carry difficulty and risk in infants.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.1067-1072
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• 2014

In this study, we report a new approach for $Mn_3O_4$-graphene nanocomposite by ex situ method. This nanocomposite shows two-dimensional aggregation of nanoparticle, and doping effect by decorated manganese oxide ($Mn_3O_4$), as well. The graphene film was made through micromechanical cleavage of graphite on the $SiO_2/Si$ wafer. Manganese oxide ($Mn_3O_4$) nanoparticle with uniform cubic shape and size (about $5.47{\pm}0.61$ nm sized) was synthesized through the thermal decomposition of manganese(II) acetate, in the presence of oleic acid and oleylamine. The nanocomposite was obtained by self-assembly of nanoparticles on graphene film, using hydrophobic interaction. After heat treatment, the decorated nanoparticles have island structure, with one-layer thickness by two-dimensional aggregations of particles, to minimize the surface potential of each particle. The doping effect of $Mn_3O_4$ nanoparticle was investigated with Raman spectra. Given the upshift in positions of G and 2D in raman peaks, we suggest that $Mn_3O_4$ nanoparticles induce p-doping of graphene film.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.261-274
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 유한요소법에 의한 이차원 오염물 이송에 대한 등수역학적 수치모형을 개발하는 것으로서 개발된 모형을 이용하여 지류와 폐수처리장으로부터의 오염물이 주하도로 유입되는 경우에 대한 수질해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는, 합리적인 매개변수산출을 위한 보정과 모형의 신뢰성과 정확도를 위한 검증을 수행하였다. 또한, 실제 유역인 한강하류부에 본 모형을 적용한 결과 하도를 따라서 실제적인 오염물 분포양상을 재현하였으며 계산값과 실측값의 비교에서 잘 일치하고 있었다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2010

We developed a high-efficiency, wide-operating-range centrifugal blower stage to meet the demand for reduced total energy-consumption in sewage treatment plants. We improved the efficiency of the two-dimensional impeller using a shape optimization tool and one-dimensional performance prediction tool. A limit of the throat deceleration ratio was set to maintain the stall-margin of the impeller. The low solidity vaned diffuser and return channel were designed using a sensitivity analysis with orthogonal arrays and three-dimensional steady flow simulations. The low solidity diffuser was designed in order to improve the performance in the low-flow-rate region. The return channel was designed so that the total pressure loss in the return channel was minimized. Model tests of both the conventional and optimized blower stages were carried out, and the efficiency and operating range of both stages were compared. The optimized blower stage improved in stage efficiency by 3% and in operating range by 5% compared with the conventional blower stage.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.154-160
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• 1998

This study describes a theoretical and experimental investigation of gas wave propagation in the pipe system. Most calculations of compressible flows in the pipe have been based on the method of characteristics. This technique has propensity to truncate waves and is difficult to apply to non-perfect gas. A method that describes the application of a two-step Lax-Wendroff acheme to solution of the unsteady one-dimentional flow in the pipe was developed. Theoretical calculations using both the method of characteristics and the two-step Lax-Wendroff method are presented including a realistic model for heat transfer and friction processes. In the present work, account is taken of the nonlinear behavior. For sections of parallel pipe, an one dimensional unsteady homentropic analysis is employed, and a numerical solution is obtained with the aid of a digital computer, using the method of characteristics and two-step Lax-Wendroff method. This analysis is then combined with boundary models, based on a quasi-steady flow approach, to give a complete treatment of the flow behavior in the pipe system.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.4098-4107
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• 2015

이 연구는 특발성 척추측만증 청소년을 대상으로, Schroth 3차원 운동처치와 볼 슬링운동을 수행하는 재활운동프로그램의 처치가 콥스각의 변화와 근력 및 유연성, 평형성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 구명하고자 수행되었다. 특발성 척추측만증을 진단받은 청소년 30명을 대상으로, Schroth 3차원 운동처치집단(n=15)과 볼과 슬링을 수행하는 재활운동 처치집단(n=15)으로 무선배정 하였으며 운동 프로그램은 8주간, 주 3회, 90분으로 구성하여 실시하였다. 이 연구의 결과에서, 8주간의 운동 후 Schroth 3차원 운동처치집단에서 콥스각이 유의하게 감소되었으며(p<.001), 복부근지구력(p<.05) 및 유연성(p<.001)과 평형성(p<.001) 모두 운동 후에 유의한 개선의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 8주간의 운동 전 후 Schroth 3차원 운동 처치집단에서의 콥스각 변화율이 재활운동 처치집단의 콥스각 변화율보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 이상의 결과에서 Schroth 처치집단과 재활운동 처치집단 모두 8주간의 처치 후, 특발성 척추측만증이 있는 청소년에게 유의한 개선의 효과가 있었으며, 그러나 Schroth 3차원 운동처치가 콥스각 교정에 보다 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 청소년들의 특발성 척추측만증 예방과 운동치료에 Schroth 3차원 운동처치가 보다 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to clarify spatial composition of the staffs at nursing homes for the elderly with dementia. For this, the data was taken from the staffs in 2 nursing homes in Tokyo by the questionnaire from December4 to 28 in 2004. Replicated MDS (Multi-dimensional Scaling) was employed for data analysis. The results of the study were following. Staffs perceived nursing home by four spatial compositions; facility spaces as like sanitation room, laundry, bathroom, washroom, washbowl, social interaction spaces as like training room, inner court/balcony, living room, staff related spaces as like room for staff, treatment room, fundamental living spaces as like bedroom, dining room. According to two-dimensional perceptual map, sanitation room was wanted near by laundry, treatment room was wanted near by room for staff, bedroom was wanted near by dining room, and training room, living room were wanted near by inner court/balcony. On the other hand, washbowl and washroom were desired somewhere near by every spaces. Therefore, simple shaped washbowls are desired to install in dining room, living room, hallways. And sanitation room and laundry were desired somewhere remote by dining room, bedroom, and living room. Responding upper results, it is recommended planning for visual and sense of smell isolation in case of having difficulty in floor structure and circulation.