• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.551-563
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• 1996

This study investigated the properties of primary cultured proximal tubule cells in hormonally defined(insulin, transferrin, and hydrocortisone), serum-free medium or 10% serum-supplemented medium. The growth rate of the primary cultured proximal tubule cells was lower in the hormonally defined, serum-free medium than in the 10% serum- supplemented medium(p < 0.05), while the activities of brush border marker enzymes, alkaline phosphatase(AP), leucine aminopeptidase(LAP), and y-glutamyl transpeptidase(${\gamma}$-GTP) were increased(p < 0.05). The activities of these enzymes, however, decreased with the lapse of incubation time to 50-70% after 6 days culture compared to those of the freshly-prepared proximal tubules. The enzymatic activities of the primary cultured proximal tubul cells on 6, 9, 12, and 15 days of culture were significantly increased in the hormonally defined, serum-free medium compared to the 10% serum-supplemented medium(p < 0.05). The functional differentiation of the primary culture was examined by observing multicellular domes of the confluent monolayer, which is indicative of transepithelial solute transport. The dome formation by the proximal tubule cultures occurred at a higher frequency in the hormonally defined, serum-free medium than in the 10% serum-supplemented medium(p < 0.05). Upon electron microscopic examination, an increased density of the brush border was observed in the hormonally defined, serum-free medium compared to the cells grown in 10% serum-supplemented medium. The activities of $Na^+$glucose cotransporter($^{14}C$-a-MG uptake), $Na^+$phosphate cotransportere($^{32}P$ uptake) and $Na^+$ transporter($^{22}Na^+$ uptake) in the brush border membrane, and of $Na^+/K^+$-ATPase($^{86}Rb$ uptake) in the basolateral membrane were significantly stimulated in the hormonally defined, serum-free medium than in 10% serum-supplemented medium(p < 0.05). In conclusion, the primary cultured proximal tubule cells grown in the hormonally defined, serum-free medium demonstrated a slower growth rate, but the functions of cell were enhanced.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2001

In order to know the effect of dentin bonding agents on the restoration of cervical abrasion, Scotchbond Multipurpose Single Bond and Clearfil Liner Bond 2 were used in 51 teeth with abrasion lesion and normal teeth. The surface structure and dentinal tubules of acid etched dentin and resin replica were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The interfacial morphology between dentin and adhesives was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Following results were obtained. 1. The hybrid layer and resin tag of the dentin showing cross-sectional surface of dentinal tubules are thicker and longer than those of dentin showing oblique surface of dentinal tubules. 2. The sclerotic cast was frequently observed in dentinal tubule, and the cast looked like cuboidal or rhomboidal-shaped crystals clumped from outer side to inner side. 3. The formation of hybrid layer and resin tag was the most prominent in Scotchbond Multipurpose group, whereas Clearfil Liner Bond 2 group showed very poor formation. The formation of hybrid layer and resin tag in Single Bond group was less than Scotchbond Multipurpose group.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.127-159
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• 1990

This study was investigated to elucidate the effect of chlorambucil on the heart in aging rats. Male rat ranging in age from 3 to 36 months were used. Each age groups(3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 months) included control and chlorambucil treated rats. As a part of the study, the ultrastructural changes in the left ventricular myocardial cells were described by using the qualitative and morphometric techniques. The results are summarized as follows. Age associated ultrastructural changes included: an increase in vacuoles, protrusion of plasma membranes, lipid droplets, and lipofuscins in myocardium of control groups. These changes which begin to occur at 12 months and continue through 36 months. At the 36 months some instance of unusual formation of contraction band and separation of intercalated discs were encountered. Morever, these changes and contents with chlorambucil treatment were remarkably increased in comparison with control groups. Age-dependent changes of control group measured with morphometry were not observed in the volume densities of mitochondria and myofibrils. But there was increase in interstitium. On the other hand decrease in sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubule system. In chlorambucil treated groups, volume densities of mitochondria and interstitium were increased in comparison with those of the control groups. But sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubule system were remarkably decreased.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

The purpose of the present study was to examine the seminiferous epithelium cycle of Bombina orientalis using a light microscope. The cycle was divided into a total of 10 stages, according to the morphological characteristics of the cells. The spermatogenetic cells included primary spermatogonia, secondary spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatid and sperm. At stage I, the primary spermatogonia was located closer to basal lamina of the seminiferous tubule without spermatocyst formations. Especially at the stage II, the secondary spermatogonia were located in the spermatocyst. The primary and secondary spermatocytes were found from stages III to VI. The secondary spermatocytes were smaller in size than the primary spermatocytes, but they had thicker nucleoplasm and smaller nuclei. The round-shaped, early sperm cells were formed in stage VII, and further divided at stage VIII to have more concentrated nucleoplasm before division to matured sperm cells. At stage X, the matured sperm cells emerged from the spermatocyst. Considering the above results, this study presented the special characteristics in the generation and type of sperm formation. The germ cell formation occurred in various stages, like the perspectives of Franca et al (1999), ultimately, providing taxonomically useful information.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.463-486
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• 1995

The effect of moistening and air-drying of acid-conditioned dentin before priming on the formation of resin-dentin hybrid zone was investigated, Freshly extracted human molars were used and divided at random into 5 groups, Groups 1 - 3 consisted of specimens conditioned with 10 % phosphoric acid for 20 seconds; Group 1 served as a control in which the conditioned dentin was simply blot-dried with a damp facial tissue; Group 2 was air dried for 30 seconds ; Group 3 was air dried for 30 seconds and immediately remoistened for 10 seconds with air-water syringe. and then the specimen was blot-dried with a damp facial tissue. Groups 4-5 were not acid conditioned ; In group 4, the smear layer on the dentin was blot dried before primer placement; Group 5 was air dried only for 30 seconds, The acetone-based primer and bonding agent of All Bond 2 (Bisco. Inc., USA) and composite resin (Z-100, 3M Dental products, USA) were applied for acid conditioned dentin and non-conditioned dentin. The morphologic ultrastructure of resin-dentin hybrid zone was examined by the use of SEM and TEM. and the existence of inorganic material and analysis of Ca/P weight-percent ratio in the resin-dentin hybrid zone were revealed by the EDAX, The results were as follows : 1. In the moistened specimens from acid-conditioned groups, the resin penetrated about 3-$4{\mu}m$ into dentin and the denatured collagen smear layer was not present at the surface. The resin tag was formed to a thickeness of 3-$4{\mu}m$ at the upper part of dentinal tubule and compactively connected to each other by means of many lateral branching. 2. In the air-dried specimens from acid-conditioned groups, the resin penetrated about 2.0-$2.5\;{\mu}m$ into dentin and an upper thin black layer to a thickness of 30-35nm was identified between adhesive resin and demineralized collagen layer. The resin tag to have a diameter of $2.5{\mu}m$ was formed at the upper part of dentinal tubule. However the funnel shape of the tag was not notable compared to the moistened specimens. 3. In the remoistened specimens from acid conditioned groups, the resin penetrated about 2.0-$2.5{\mu}m$ into dentin and an upper black layer was not present. The resin tag at the upper part of dentinal tubule was formed less than $2{\mu}m$ and was weakly connected to each other by means of few lateral branching. 4. In the non-conditioned groups, the smear layer was formed to a thickness of $0.5{\mu}m$ at dentin surface. However, the resin-dentin hybrid zone was not identified by TEM. The evidence of resin penetration into intertubular and intratubular dentin did not show. 5. All the acid-conditioned groups showed that the detected calcium and phosphorus weight percent ratios at the $2{\mu}m$ upper portion from the resin-dentin interface into the resin were much higher than that at the $2{\mu}m$ lower portion from the resin-dentin interface to dentin. (P<0.01).

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.307-309
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• 2003

To develop a new treatment for end stage renal disease, we examined the possibility of regenerating renal tissues by implanting renal cells on biodegradable polymer scaffolds. Histological examination of the implanted tissues revealed formation of renal-like structures including glomerulus and renal tubule.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.179-189
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• 2004

Morphological structure and sporogenesis of myxosporean parasite, Parvicapsula anisocaudata from cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were examined by light and transmission electron microscopies. Numerous round early stages, spindle-shaped disporic or monosporic pseudoplasmodia, asymmetrical thin-walled mature spores were found inthe lumen of renal tubule and urinary bladder. Long pseudopodia or short projections from cytoplasm of pseudoplasmodia make the parasite attach firmly to host tissues. Spore development was mono- or disporous with no pansporoblast formation. Sporoplasmic cell was partially surrounded by two capsulogenic cells, and capsulogenic cells were enveloped by two flattened valvogenic cells. Capsulogenesis and valvogenesis followed general patterns seen in that of other myxosporean.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.335-340
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• 2015

Here, we investigated the role of zerumbone, a natural cyclic sesquiterpene of Zingiber zerumbet Smith, on angiogenesis using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Zerumbone inhibited HUVECs proliferation, migration and tubule formation, as well as angiogenic activity by rat aorta explants. In particular, zerumbone inhibited phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, which are key regulators of endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. In vivo matrigel plug assay in mice demonstrated significant decrease in vascularization and hemoglobin content in the plugs from zerumbone-treated mice, compared with control mice. Overall, these results suggest that zerumbone inhibits various attributes of angiogenesis, which might contribute to its reported antitumor effects.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2023

Cystinuria, a genetically inherited disorder, is a rare cause of kidney stones. It is characterized by impaired transport of cystine and amino acids in the proximal renal tubule and the small intestine. Most patients develop cystine stones throughout their lifetime. Recurrent renal stones need to be extracted by repeated urologic interventions. Treatment options of cystinuria for preventing stone recurrence are limited and poorly tolerated. In this study, we report a pediatric case of cystinuria with a heterozygous SLC3A1 mutation diagnosed by stone analysis, measurement of urine cystine excretion, and genetic analysis. There were recurrent renal stones despite repetitive shock wave lithotripsy and retrograde intrarenal surgery. However, the rate of stone formation seemed to be slower after D-penicillamine was added into adequate hydration and urinary alkalinization.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the influence of black ginseng radix extracts (BG) and ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5 on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) induced proliferation, migration and capillary tubule-like formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods : HUVECs were cultured with BG and ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5 at different concentrations (60, 125, 250, 500, $1,000{\mu}g/m\ell$) for 2 day In the presence of bFGF, respectively. XTT was used to detect the proliferation. Migration and tube formations were examined to detect the antiangiogenesis. Also, the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was performed to detect the antiangiogenesis. Results : BG and ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5 significantly inhibited bFGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner. Tube formation in bFGF-induced HUVECs were suppressed by BG and ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5. Moreover, BG and ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5 (30-$50{\mu}g$/egg) inhibited new blood vessel formation on the growing CAM. Conclusions:Based on the present results, it can be suggested that BG has a potential chemopreventive agent via antiangiogenesis.