• KSBB Journal
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.621-629
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• 2000

전남의 여수지역의 해양에서 carotenoid를 생산하는 세균을 분리하여 상용하였으며, 이 세균은 Curtobacterium sp.으로 동정되었다. 해양세균 Curtobacterium sp.의 carotenoid 생산 최적조건은 pH 7.0, 최적온도 $25^{\circ}C$, 탄소원으로서는 4 mM의 fructose, 질소원으로서는 0.07%의 tryptone, 미량원소 및 growth로서는 각각 0.5 mM의 $Mg^{+2}$ 이온, $1{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$의 cytocobalamine이었으며, 이 최적조건에서의 carotenoid의 생산량은 $13.0{\;}mg/\ell$ 였다. 해양세균 Curtobacterium sp.로 부터 생산된 carotenoid는 tunaxanthi (86.6%), diatoxanthin (7.1%), ${\beta}-carotene$ (2.1%), canthaxanthin (19.1%), cynthiaxanthin (1.9%) 5가지의 다른 성분으로 구성되어 있었으며, 주로 tunaxanthin을 생산하는균주로 사료된다. 그리고 분리 정제하지 않은 crude corotenoid을 이용한 생리활성 시험에서 E. coli 및 L. bulgaricus 등에 대해서는 항균활성은 나타내지 않았으나, HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma, human, ATCC HB-8065) 및 HeLa (cervical carcinoma, human, ATCC CCL-2) 등의 암세포에 대하여 각각 86.4% 및 39.2%의 강한 저해 활성을 나타내었다. CCL-13 (diploid, monotypic hepatocyte, huma, ATCC CCL-13) 세포를 사용한 항산화 활성은 $50{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m{\ell}$의 carotenoid의 농도에서 83%의 강한 항산화 활성을 보였고, DPPH법에 의한 Free radical의 소거 기능도 43.4%의 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 해양세균 Curtobacterium sp.로부터 생산된 이 carotenoid는 정제하지 않은 상태로도 어류 및 축산사료, 첨가물, 항산화제, 의약품 등의 다양한 분야에 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.489-495
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• 1998

한국 재래 간장으로부터 분리한 Scopulariopsis brevicaulis가 생성하는 ${\alpha}-galactosidase$의 최적 생산조건은 tryptone 1.5%, $NH_4NO_3$ 0.2%, raffinose 2.5%, $KH_2PO_4$ 0.5%, yeast extract 0.5%, pH 7.0, $27^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 배양 했을 때였다. ${\alpha}-galactosidase$의 최적 pH는 7.0, 최적온도는 $27^{\circ}C$였으며, $pH\;6.0{\sim}8.0$범위와 $40^{\circ}C$이하에서 안정하였다. $Ag^{2+},\;Hg^{2+},\;Cu^{2+}$ 등의 금속이온 및 p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, Iodine에 의해 강하게 저해되어 본 효소의 catalytic부위에 -SH기가 있음이 추정되었다. Km값은 1.9 mM, Vmax값은 $9.66{\times}10^2\;{\mu}M/min$이었다. 배양기간에 따른 raffinose의 분해양상을 high performance liquid chromatography로 살펴본 결과 배양초기에 raffinose가 분해되어 sucrose, glucose, fructose가 관찰되었다. 배양기간이 경과함에 따라 raffinose가 감소하였고 sucrose, glucose, fructose도 소실됨을 확인하였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2004

현재 상업적으로 이용되고 있는 비피더스균인 Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12, Bif. longum Bb-536 및 Bif. infantis Maeil-K9의 선택적 계수를 위한 선택배지 개발을 위하여 다양한 탄소원과 질소원 및 여러 항생제들에 대한 내성을 검토하였다. 탄소원의 경우 기본생육배지에 각각 15 g/L 수준으로 첨가하여 각균주의 생육성을 비교해 본 결과 amygdalin과 fructose가 가장 적합하였으며, 질소원의 경우 tryptone이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. Amygdalin을 탄소원으로 이용한 경우 Bif. lactis Bb-12와 Bif. infantis Maeil-K9의 생육성이 우수하였으며, fructose를 이용한 경우 Bif. longum Bb-536의 생육성이 우수하였다. 항생제 내성 검토에 있어서는 doxycyclin을 1 mg/L 수준으로 첨가하는 것이 가장 적절하였으며, Bif. lactis Bb-12및 Bif. infantis Maeil-K9의 생육에는 전혀 영향을 주지 않았으나, Bif. longum Bb-536의 생육은 완전히 억제시켰다. 그리고 저 활성 균주에 대한 각 선택 배지의 검출능을 알아보기 위하여 각균주를 -$70^{\circ}C$, $4^{\circ}C$, $40^{\circ}C$에 2주간 보존 후 생균수를 측정한 결과 amygdalin을 탄소원으로 이용한 배지에서는 $40^{\circ}C$ 보존균주의 검출능이 낮았으나, fructose를 탄소원으로 이용한 배지와 doxycyclin을 첨가한 배지의 경우 그 선택성이 매우 우수하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.250-258
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• 2019

삼림지역의 고목에서 분리한 Peniophora sp. JS17 균주는 사람 머리카락 유래 멜라닌을 탈색하는 세포 외 분비효소를 생산했다. JS17 균주는 laccase 및 manganese peroxidase 활성을 나타냈지만 lignin peroxidase 활성은 나타내지 않았다. 본 균주를 회분배양한 결과 멜라닌 탈색 활성은 laccase 활성으로부터 유래하는 것으로 확인되었다. Peniophora sp. JS17 균사체로부터 멜라닌 탈색 효소를 생산하기 위한 배지 조건을 조사하였다. 다양한 합성 배지 중에서 minimal medium (2% glucose, 0.2% malt extract, 0.1% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.4% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$)이 가장 높은 laccase 활성을 나타내었다. Laccase 생산에 대한 배양 조건을 최적화하기 위하여 minimal medium의 조성 중에서 탄소원 및 질소원에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. 다양한 탄소원 및 질소원 중에서 각각 2% xylose 및 0.4% tryptone의 경우에 가장 높은 laccase 활성을 나타내었다. Ammonium sulfate 침전 및 Hitrap Q Sepharose column을 이용하여 정제한 효소는 SDS-PAGE에서 약 70 kDa의 분자량 부근에 2종류의 isozyme 형태로 존재 하였다. 멜라닌 탈색율은 HBT 및 syringaldehyde의 존재하에서 48시간 만에 각각 77% 및 55%를 나타내었고, mediator가 없는 조건에서는 9%의 멜라닌 탈색율을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.695-703
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• 2008

A locally isolated thermophile, Geobacillus sp. SAB-40, producing thermostable extracellular amylase constitutively and an induced intracellular ${\beta}$-galactosidase was characterized and identified based on 16S rRNA sequencing. A phylogenetic analysis then revealed its closeness to Geobacillus stearothermophilus. To evaluate the effect of the culture conditions on the coproduction of both enzymes by G stearothermophilus SAB-40, a Plackett-Burman fractional factorial design was applied to determine the impact of twenty variables. Among the tested variables, $CaCI_2$, the incubation time, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, and tryptone were found to be the most significant for encouraging amylase production. Lactose was found to promote ${\beta}$-galactosidase production, whereas starch had a significantly negative effect on lactase production. Based on a statistical analysis, a preoptimized medium attained the maximum production of amylase and ${\beta}$-galactosidase at 23.29 U/ml/ min and 12,958 U/mg biomass, respectively, which was 3-and 2-fold higher than the yield of amylase and lactase obtained with the basal medium, respectively.

• Mycobiology
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2008

Vegetative growth of four different strains of Hericium erinaceus was observed. The temperature suitable for optimal mycelial growth was determined to be $25^{\circ}C$, with growth observed in the extend temperature range of $20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. The different strains of this mushroom showed distinct pH requirements for their optimum vegetative growth, with the most favorable growth observed at pH 6. Considering vegetative mycelial growth, PDA, YM, Hennerberg, Hamada, and Glucose peptone were the most favorable media, and Czapek Dox, Hoppkins, Glucose tryptone, and Lilly were the most unfavorable media for these mushroom strains. With the exception of lactose, most of the carbon sources assayed demonstrated favorable vegetative growth of H. erinaceus. For mycelial growth, the most suitable nitrogen source was alanine and the most unsuitable was histidine. Oak sawdust medium supplemented with $10{\sim}20%$ rice bran was the best for mycelial growth of the mushroom.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.137-140
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• 2000

Marine microorganism strain 96CJ10356 produced exopolysaccharides, designated as EPS-R. To optimize culture conditions for the production of EPS-R, carbon, nitrogen, mineral salt, temperature, and pH were examined. STN medium was suggested as follow; sucrose 20, tryptone 10, NaCl 10, $MgSO_4$ 5, $CaCl_2$ 1, $KH_2PO_4$ 0.0076, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.0083, $FeCl_2$ 0.005, $MnCl_2$ 0.001, $NaMoO_4$ 0.001, $ZnCl_2$ 0.001 (g/1) and pH 7.0 About 9.23 g/l of EPS-R was obtained from the STN medium after cultivation for 120 h at $25^{\circ}C$ in 5-liter jar fermentor with an aeration rate of 0.17 vvm. Apparent viscosity and flocculation activity of the culture broth were increased with the production of the EPS-R and the maximal values were reached to 415 cp and 1400 units/ml against 0.5 % activated carbon, respectively.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.469-477
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• 2008

The aerobic photosynthetic bacterium, which produces bacterial carotenoids was isolated and identified from coastal marine environments. This bacterium was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and designated as Erythrobacter longus SY-46. E. longus SY-46 was Gram negative and rod shape, and the optimal culture conditions were $25^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0, and 3.0% NaCl concentration, respectively. The carbon and nitrogen sources required for the optimal growth were lactose and tryptone, respectively. Fatty acid compositions of E. longus SY-46 were $C_{18:1}$(78.32%), v-linolenic acid($C_{18:3n9.12.15c}:3.83%$), margaric acid($C_{17:0}$: 3.38%), palmitic acid($C_{16:0}$: 3.07%), and docosahexaenoic acid($C_{22:6n3}$: 2.21%). In addition, E. longus SY-46 showed the characteristic absorption peaks of bacterial carotenoids(in the region of 450 to 480 nm) and bacteriochlorophyll(770 to 772 nm). Major carotenoids of E. longus SY-46 were polyhydroxylated xanthophylls such as fucoxanthin and zeaxanthin.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.354-359
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• 1997

Optimal cultivation conditions for the production of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL) from Rhodotorula aurantiaca K-505 were selected, and the kinetic parameters of the produced PAL were determined. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources were glucose and tryptone, respectively. The strain expressed PAL constituttively when using the optimized semi-complex media. High cell density culture could be critical for maximal production of PAl since the PAL ynthesis was growth associated. maximum PAL activity was observed at initial pH 6.0. although the ll growth was not markedly affected by temperature between 22 and 28$^{\circ}C$, the cells yielded the maximum PAL activity when cultivated at 22$^{\circ}C$. The maximum activity for deamination of L-phenylalnine to trans-cinnamic acid was observed around pH 8.8. The PAL activity gave the maximum at 45$^{\circ}C$, and greatly decreased at higher than 5$0^{\circ}C$. Activation energy({TEX}$E_{a}${/TEX}) calculated from Arrhenius equation was 6.28 kcal/mol in the range of 22$^{\circ}C$ to 4$0^{\circ}C$. A oolf plot showed that the enzyme reaction follows Michaelis-Menten equation, whose {TEX}$K_{M}${/TEX} and {TEX}$V_{max}${/TEX} values were 4.65$\times${TEX}$10^{-3}${/TEX} M and 0.89$\mu$ mol/mg-min respectively.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.168-183
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate quality characteristics of roll bread with the addition of Chungkukjang powder(0, 5, 10, 15, 20%). The antioxidative activity of antioxidative substances produced from several bacterial strains isolated from fermented foods were tested by DPPH $(\alpha,\alpha’-diphenyl-\beta-picrylhydrazyl)$ free radical scavenging activity. The most optimal medium condition for the production of antioxidative substance from Bacillus sp. FF-7 was 2% galactose as carbon source and 1% tryptone as nitrogen source. In color values, with increasing Chungkukjang powder content, the "lightness" (p<0.05) decreased in the crumb bread, while the redness(p<0.05) and yellowness(p<0.05) increased. The volume and specific volume of roll bread with 5.0% Chungkukjang powder were the highest(p<0.05). In the rheology measurements for the roll bread, the hardness (p<0.05) decreased with the addition of 5.0% Chungkukjang powder, but then increased with further additions of Chungkukjang up to 10.0%. Highest sensory scores for color, flavor, taste(p<0.05), texture(p<0.05) and overall acceptance(p<0.05) were obtained from roll bread with 5.0% Chungkukjang powder and control. From the results of this study, it was assumed that the development of food products using Chungkukjang is prospective in response to health-oriented consumers.