• 약학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.320-325
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• 2012

To develop a new effective and safe natural antibiotics and antioxidant the essential oil was extracted from the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris by steam distillation. Its composition was analyzed by GC-MS. The activities of the essential oil fraction and its main components were evaluated against antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains of some food-born bacteria. In addition the synergism was examined with this oil combined with antibiotic by checkerboard titer test. The antioxidant activities were determined by in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity test and reducing power assay. The essential oil fraction of A. sylvestris revealed significant inhibiting activities against antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant species of Vibrio and Shigella with MICs ranged from 1.00~4.00 mg/ml. It showed synergistic or additive effects when it was combined with amphicillin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1 : 9). Additionally, the essential oil fraction of A. sylvestris exhibited significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity and the reducing power.

• 약학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.187-192
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• 1981

In order to increase the dissolution rate on the mixture of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (SMX-TMP), their coprecipitates with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were studied. Coprecipitates prepared with various ratios of SMX and TMP were examined such as hygroscopicity, apparent solubility, apparent partition coefficient and the dissolution behavior of SMX-TMP's coprecipitates and their physical mixtures. The hygroscopicity of coprecipitates were less than that of physical mixtures. The apparent solubility and dissolution rate of SMX-TMP's coprecipitates were found to be greatly increased. The dissolution rates of SMX and TMP in the coprecipitates were decreased when the ratio of two ingredients to PVP was smaller, and the dissolution rate of SMX was increased when the ratio of SMX to TMP was larger.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2007

Vibrio parahaemolyticus was investigated for analysis of distribution and antibiotic susceptibility at the markets, Seoul in 2004. The average isolation rate was 26.8%(306/1,143) and the highest rate with 64.9% was obtained in August. The isolation rates from December to April was 0.0%. It is more effective to inoculate into the enrichment medium, alkaline pepton water by swabbing a sample with a cotton ball rather than pouring mixed sample. The isolation rates were from 24.4% to 37.1% in domestic samples and from 9.8% to 26.8% in imported ones. All of the isolates were resistent to ampicillin and ticarcillin and most of them were sensitive to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, streptomycin, kanamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol, ampicillin/sulbactam, ciprofloxacin.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.259-273
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• 2002

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, biochemical properties and serotypes of Salmonella organisms in the domestic animals in Western Gyeongbuk province during the period from January to December 2000. Salmonella spp were isolated from 51(1.62%) of 3,141 cases of domestic animals. Serotypes of isolates were S enteritidis 17(29.6% of isolates), S agona 11(20.3%), S rissen 8(14.8%), S gallinarum 4(7.4%), S derby 3(5.5%), S typhimurium 2(3.7%), S travis 1(1.8%), S montevideo 1(1.8%) and untypable 4(12.9%), in order. The majority of isolates were highly susceptible to amikacin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, norfloxacin and gentamicin, whereas all isolates were resistant to bacitracin, erythromycin, tiamulin and tylosin, and the majority of them were highly resistant to penicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a leading cause of nosocomial infections, has been increasingly recognized in communities of the United States. This article will review the clinical spectrum and treatment of MRSA infections in children in the context of recent epidemiological changes of MRSA infections. In general, community-associated (CA) MRSA most frequently causes skin and soft tissue infections and has an increased association with invasive infections, particularly pneumonia and musculoskeletal infections. Hospital-associated (HA) MRSA strains tend to be associated with bloodstream infections, pneumonia, and surgical site infections. Different from the United States, CA-MRSA infections are not common in Korea (only 5.9%); however, there are some CA-MRSA clones that are different from HA-MRSA clones in Korea and from CA-MRSA clones in other countries. The treatment of MRSA infections should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the site of infection, and the infection severity. Vancomycin is the treatment of choice for invasive MRSA infections. Other agents such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, linezolid, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and daptomycin have been used for some conditions.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2021

A 4-year-old gelding Thoroughbred racehorse, which had been undergoing antibiotic therapy at a local veterinary clinic, was referred to the KRA veterinary center with a 20-day history of continuous right nasal discharge. Patient's history, endoscopic examination, and radiographic examination revealed primary maxillary sinusitis. Under sedation, surgical intervention was performed to collect samples and remove the accumulated mucopurulent exudate in the sinus. Swab samples were collected from the sinus during surgery for cytology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Only one type of bacteria was cultured, and molecular analyses of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences identified it as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The isolate was resistant to multiple antibiotics, which are frequently used in equine practice. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was chosen based on antibiotic susceptibility test, trephination, and sinus lavage using saline were applied to treat bacterial sinusitis. The clinical signs improved after 1 month and the patient resumed training. This report describes S. aureus isolated from bacterial maxillary sinusitis in a horse and its antibiotic susceptibility.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.542-544
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• 2023

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Z0118SP0130 was isolated from eye specimen of a companion dog in South Korea. The complete genome of Z0118SP0130 consisted of a 2,663,277 bp chromosome and there was no plasmid. The strain was identified as the sequence type 45 and contained a mecA gene which comprised of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type Vb (5C2&5). Antimicrobial resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, mupirocin, oxacillin, streptomycin, and gentamicin was observed in the strain.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.545-547
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• 2023

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a normal flora of human skin and is occasionally associated with pathogenic infections. We report the complete genome sequence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain Z0118SE0272 isolated from the residential environment sharing by a companion dog and dwellers. Resistance to cefoxitin was observed in the strain, whereas it was susceptible to erythromycin, clindamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, mupirocin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, and tigecycline. The strain Z0118SE0272 identified as sequence type 130 possessed the mecA gene responsible for methicillin resistance, which composed the new type of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements lacking mecRI.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2000

목 적 : 중이염은 나이 어린 소아에 많이 발생하며 항생제가 흔히 처방되는 질환이 최근에는 세균의 항생제에 대한 내성률이 증가되고 있어 중이염 환자에서 항생제 선택이 신중해야 함이 심도 있게 거론되고 있다. 국내에서는 중이염에 대한 체계적인 연구가 부진한 상태이며 이에 저자들은 중이염의 원인 및 항생제 감수성을 파악하기 위하여 후향적으로 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 1994년 7월부터 1999년 6월까지 한양대학교병원 소아과 및 이비인후과에서 이루를 동반한 중이염으로 진단 받은 15세 미만의 소아 중 이루 배양 검사 결과 세균이 분리된 65명을 대상으로 의무 기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 총 65명의 환아 중 남자 37명(57%), 여자 28명(43%)이었으며 평균 나이는 2.9세로 나이가 어릴수록 많아 1세 미만 27명(41.5%), 1~3세 24명(36.9%)이었으며, 3세 이하가 78%를 차지하였다. 분리된 균주의 분포는 Staphylococcus aureus 32명(49.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae 19명(29.2%), Haemophilus influenzae 9명(13.8%), Streptococcus oralis 3명(4.6%), Moraxella catarrhalis 1명(1.5%) 등이었다. 구순열/구개열을 동반한 9명(14%)의 환아에서 분리된 균주의 분포는 구순열/구개열을 동반하지 않은 환아에서와 유사하였다. 분리된 S. aureus의 항생제 내성률은, erythromycin, imipenem, cephalothin, clindamycin에 90% 이상, oxacillin 86.2%, chloramphenicol 25%, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX) 12.5%, vancomycin과 teicoplanin에 0%이었다. S. pneumoniae의 내성률은 penicillin에 71.4%, erythromycin, tetracycline 및 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX) 60% 이상, chloramphenicol 7.1%, vancomycin, teicoplanin, ciprofloxacin에는 0%이었다. H. influenzae의 내성률은 ampicillin, TMP-SMX에 각각 55.5%이었으나 chlroramphenicol, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, imipenem, ciprofloxacin에는 모두 감수성이 있었다. 결 론 : 본 연구조사 결과 이루를 동반한 중이염의 원인은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae 및 H. influenzae로 판명되었으며, 분리된 균주들의 높은 항생제 내성률은 중이염의 치료를 위한 항생제 선택에 반영되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 향후 전향적인 고막천자를 이용한 연구조사가 이루어져 급성 중이염을 더 정확히 파악할 수 있어야겠다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1990

실험용 마우스(ICR)에 프레드니솔론을 주어 인공적으로 면역억제시키면서 Cryptosporidium 발현 여부를 7주 동안 관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 면역 억제 1주 후부터 마우스 대변에서 Cryptosporidium의 Oocyst (크기 440 ㎛)가 검출되었고 2주 후부터 마우스가 사망하기 시작하였다. 대변에서 oocyst가 검출된 마우스의 소장 절편을 H&E 염색하여 광학현미경으로 관찰한 결과 Cryptosporisium은 공장 하부에서 호발하였으며 장 융모의 점막 상피세포 표면에 점같이 붙은 모습으로 무수히 발견되었고 호염기성이었으며 크기는 직경 2∼4 ㎛정도 되었다. 이들의 여러 발육 단계에 대해 주사 전자현미경 및 투과 전자현미경으로 입체구조를 관찰하였으며 그 결과 충체의 종은 C. Parvum으로 동정하였다. 항균제(tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)를 면역억제제와 함께 투여한 실험군에서도 Cryptosporidium이 발현되었으나 면역 억제제만을 투여한 실험군의 마우스보다 수명을 다소 연장시킬 수 있었다. 이 실험 결과 우리 나라에도 Cryptosporidium(C. Parvum)이 존재하고 있음을 확인하였으며 인체 감염례가 있을 가능성을 짐작할 수 있었다.