• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1987

The indirect fluorescent antibody(IFA) test was used to detect serum IgG and IgM antibodies to Trichomonas vaginalis in 31 vaginal trichomoniasis, 7 candidiasis and in 20 non-infected healthy women with antigen prepared from axonic culture of Trichomenas vaginalis isolated from vulvovaginitis patient. The results were as follows: 1. In 31 vaginal trichomoniasis the positive reactions of IgG antibody were 27 in the 1/8 dilution or higher and :l in the 1/4 dilution whereas in healthy women the reaction showed significantly low as in the 1/4 dilution or below. 2. The sensitivity and specificity of IFA test for IgG antibody to trichomonad antigen in this study were 87.1% and 100%, respectively. 3. No significant difference of IgM antibody levels between vaginal trichomoniasis and healthy women was observed. 4. No relation between the levels of IgG and IsM antibodies to trichomonad antigen by IFA test was observed. 5. No relation between the time lapse and the level of serum IgG antibodies in IFA test of vaginal trichomoniasis was regarded. In conclusion the present study suggests that IFA test in trichomoniasis could be a useful tool for detection of anti-trichomonad IgG antibodies and applicable as an immunodiagnostic method.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권5호
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• pp.387-391
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• 2008

폐트리코모나스증은 인체에 기생하는 3가지 종류의 편모충류(구강편모충, 질편모충, 장세포편모충)에 의해 유발되는 매우 드문 기회 감염성 질환으로 대부분 만성 폐질환이나 화농성 또는 괴사성 폐질환을 앓고 있는 환자 및 면역저하를 동반하는 전신질환을 앓고 있는 사람에서 흡입 또는 직접 전파에 의해 발생된다. 일반적으로 질편모충을 제외한 구강 및 장세포편모충은 병원성이 없는 것으로 고려되어 치료가 필요하지 않지만, 정상적으로 분포하지 않는 장기에서 기회감염을 일으키는 경우 적극적인 치료가 고려되어야 한다. 저자들은 폐 및 전신적인 기저 질환이 없는 무증상의 건강한 남성에서 우연히 발견된 흉부 방사선 검사상 이상 소견에 대해 폐트리코모나스증을 진단하여 항균제 치료로 호전된 드문 예를 경험하여 보고하는 바이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2022

This study was done to provide an overview of the latest trichomoniasis status in Korea by finding disease clusters and analyzing temporal trends during 2012-2020. Data were obtained from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) of Korea. SaTScan and Joinpoint programs were used for statistical analyses. Gyeonggi-do had the highest average population and highest number of cases. The high incidence of T. vaginalis infections were observed among women aged 40-49 and 30-39 years (33,830/year and 33,179/year, respectively). Similarly, the 40-49 and 30-39 age group in men showed the highest average cases (1,319/year and 1,282/year, respectively). Jeollabuk-do was the most likely cluster, followed by Busan/Gyeongsangnam-do/Ulsan/Daegu and Jeju-do and Gwangju. Urban and rural differences were prominent. Trichomoniasis has decreased significantly in most clusters, except for Incheon. Trichomoniasis was decreasing in women recently after peaking around 2014. Men showed different trends according to age. Trichomoniasis was increasing in the 10-39 age groups, but decreasing in the 40-59 age groups. This study might provide an analytic basis for future health measures, policy-makers, and health authorities in developing effective system for prevention of trichomoniasis.

• 월간양계
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• 제17권12호통권194호
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• pp.99-101
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• 1985

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2016

Trichomoniasis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis is a common sexually transmitted disease. Its association with several health problems, including preterm birth, pelvic inflammatory disease, cervical cancer, and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, emphasizes the importance of improved access to early and accurate detection of T. vaginalis. In this study, a rapid and efficient loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based method for the detection of T. vaginalis was developed and validated, using vaginal swab specimens from subjects suspected to have trichomoniasis. The LAMP assay targeting the actin gene was highly sensitive with detection limits of 1 trichomonad and 1 pg of T. vaginalis DNA per reaction, and specifically amplified the target gene only from T. vaginalis. Validation of this assay showed that it had the highest sensitivity and better agreement with PCR (used as the gold standard) compared to microscopy and multiplex PCR. This study showed that the LAMP assay, targeting the actin gene, could be used to diagnose early infections of T. vaginalis. Thus, we have provided an alternative molecular diagnostic tool and a point-of-care test that may help to prevent trichomoniasis transmission and associated complications.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2016

Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually-transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. There are few reports on the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of trichomoniasis by PCR in Guri city, Korea. All adult women who visited Hanyang University Guri Hospital for health screening within the National Health Care Service were invited to participate in the study, and 424 women were enrolled between March and June 2011. PCR was used to detect Trichomonas vaginalis using primers based on a repetitive sequence cloned from T. vaginalis (TV-E650). Fourteen women (3.3%) were found to have T. vaginalis. All were over 50, and they were significantly older on average than the 410 Trichomonas-negative women (mean ages 63.4 vs 55.3 years). It seems that T. vaginalis infection is not rare in women receiving health screening, especially among those over 50.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2005

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease induced by Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoan. The symptoms of trichomoniasis are rarely appeared that the infections are distributed worldwide from underdeveloped to developed countries. The diagnosis of trichomoniasis is mainly taken by wet smear following microscopic examination, of which the diagnostic accuracies are poor and varies with the clinicians' experiences. Therefore, more exact and convenient diagnostic methods for T. vaginalis are required. Here, we cloned and expressed recombinant T. vaginalis adhesion protein 33 (rTvAP33) using an E. coli expression system. rTvAP33 was then immunized to rabbit and BALB/c mice for the production of anti-rTvAP33 antibodies. Sandwich ELISA using these antibodies detected T. vaginalis cultured in TYM broth supplemented with ferrous ions. Vagina-parasitizing microorganisms showed low cross-reactivities in this system. These results suggest that Tv AP33 is a good diagnostic target for the detection of TvAP33-expressing T. vaginalis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.101-116
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• 2006

Vaginal trichomoniasis, caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common sexually transmitted disease. More than 170 million people worldwide are annually infected by this protozoan. In the Republic of Korea, 10.4% of women complaining of vaginal symptoms and signs were found to be infected with T. vagina/is. However, despite its high prevalence, the pathogenesis of T. vaginalis infection has not been clearly characterized although neutrophil infiltration is considered to be primarily responsible for the cytologic changes associated with this infection. We hypothesized that trichomonads in the vagina sometime after an acute infection secrete proteins like excretory-secretory product that have a chemotactic effect on neutrophils, and that these neutrophils are further stimulated by T. vaginalis to produce chemokines like IL-8 and $GRO-\alpha$, which further promote neutrophil recruitment and chemotaxis. Thus, neutrophil accumulation is believed to maintain or aggravate inflammation. However, enhanced neutrophil apoptosis induced by live T. vaginalis could contribute to resolution of inflammation. Macrophages may constitute an important component of host defense against T. vaginalis infection. For example, mouse macrophages alone and those activated by lymphokines or nitric oxide are known to be involved in the extracellular killing of T. vaginalis. In the host, T. vaginalis uses a capping phenomenon to cleave host immunoglobulins with proteinases and thus escape from host immune responses. Recently, we developed a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using primers based on a repetitive sequence cloned from T. vaginalis (TV-E650), and found that the method enables the detection of T. vaginalis at concentrations as low as 1 cell per PCR mixture.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Neutrophils play an important role in the human immune system for protection against such microorganisms as a protozoan parasite, Trichomonas vaginalis; however, the precise role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of trichomoniasis is still unknown. Moreover, it is thought that trichomonal lysates and excretory-secretory products (ESP), as well as live T. vaginalis, could possibly interact with neutrophils in local tissues, including areas of inflammation induced by T. vaginalis in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of T. vaginalis lysate on the fate of neutrophils. We found that T. vaginalis lysate inhibits apoptosis of human neutrophils as revealed by Giemsa stain. Less altered mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and surface CD16 receptor expression also supported the idea that neutrophil apoptosis is delayed after T. vaginalis lysate stimulation. In contrast, ESP stimulated-neutrophils were similar in apoptotic features of untreated neutrophils. Maintained caspase-3 and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) in neutrophils co-cultured with trichomonad lysate suggest that an intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis was involved in T. vaginalis lysate-induced delayed neutrophil apoptosis; this phenomenon may contribute to local inflammation in trichomoniasis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1990

질트리코모나스(Trichomonas vaginalis)감염 환자 30명과 비감염 건강 대조군 30명을 패 상으로 혈청 내 항-질트리코모나스 IgG 및 IgM 항체가를 효소표식 면역검사법(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: ELISA)으로 측정하여 이 질환 진단법으로서 ELISA의 이용 가능성을 검토 하고, 현펑 내 IgG 및 IsM 항체가의 상관성을 알아보았다. 질트리코모나스 환자의 혈청 내 IgG 항체가는 0.37±0.134로 건강 대조군의 0.21±0.054 보다 유 의하게 높았다(p<0.005). 또 혈청 내 IgG 항체가 0.32 이상을 양성으로 하였을 때 ELISA 진단법 의 감수성은 70.0%이었고 특이성은 96.7%이었다. 질트리코모나스 환자의 혈청 내 IsM 항체가는 0.33±0.177로 건강 대조군의 0.11±0.051 보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.005). 또 혈청 내 Is변 항체 가 0.21 이상을 양성 반응으로 하였을 때 감수성은 70.0%이었고 특이성은 96.7%이었다. 질트리코 모나스 환자의 혈청 내 IgG 와 IsM 항체가의 상관 관계는 상관계수 r=0.77로 유의한 상관관계가 인 정 되 었 다(p<0.005). 이상의 결과로 보아 질트리코모나스 환자에서 혈청 내 19G 및 IsM 항체가를 ELISA법으로 측정 함으로써 질트리코모나스 감염을 진단하거나 역학적 조사에 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.