• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.591-599
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• 2024

Objective: Sumba Ongole (SO) cattle are valuable breed due to their important role in the development of Indonesian cattle. Despite rapid advances in molecular technology, no genomic studies on SO cattle have been conducted to date. The aim of this study is to provide genomic profile related to the population diversity, admixture, and demographic trends of SO cattle. Methods: Genomic information was gathered from 79 SO cattle using the Illumina Bovine SNP50 v3 Beadchip, and for comparative purposes, additional genotypes from 209 cattle populations worldwide were included. The expected and observed heterozygosity, inbreeding coefficient, pairwise fixation indices between-population, and Nei's genetic distance were examined. Multidimensional scaling, admixture, and treemix analyses were used to investigate the population structure. Based on linkage disequilibrium and effective population size calculations, the demographic trend was observed. Results: The findings indicated that the genetic diversity of SO cattle was similar to that of other indicine breeds. SO cattle were genetically related to indicines but not to taurines or Bali cattle. The study further confirmed the close relationship between SO, Ongole, and Nellore cattle. Additionally, a small portion of the Ongole mixture were identified dominant in the SO population at the moment. The study also discovered that SO and Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) could have been ancestors in the development of Ongole Grade cattle, which corresponds to the documented history of Ongolization. Our finding indicate that SO cattle have maintained stability and possess unique traits separate from their ancestors. Conclusion: In conclusion, the genetic diversity of the SO cattle has been conserved as a result of the growing significance of the present demographic trend. Consistent endeavors are necessary to uphold the fitness of the breed.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.350-362
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• 2021

Objectives: This study investigated an association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and the dietary quality of adults in Deagu, Korea. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 1,022 adults aged 19 ~ 49 years (502 men and 520 women) in the Deagu area of Korea. Daily intake of SSB was obtained by the food frequency questionnaire, and the dietary quality was assessed using the nutrition quotient (NQ) for Korean adults. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between dietary quality and daily intake of SSB in adults. Results: Daily intake of SSB was 463.6 mL/d for total subjects, and the highest intakes were sweetened coffees (192.7 mL/d), followed by carbonated drinks (77.1 mL/d). Higher intake of SSB was associated with higher intake frequency of fast food or sweet and greasy bread, processed beverage, ramyon, eating out or delivery food and night snack, and also associated with lower frequency of water, breakfast intake and nutrition label checking in men or women. Men and women who had a higher intake SSB had significantly greater odds for being in the low grade of NQ (P for trend = 0.0006 for men, P for trend = 0.0007 for women), especially in the moderation factor (P for trend < 0.0001 for men and women). Conclusions: This study showed that high SSB intake was significantly associated with low dietary quality among adults. These study results suggest that nutrition education programs and guidelines should be provided to adults for improving their consumption of SSB and related diets.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.215-226
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• 2022

이 연구에서는 우리나라 초·중·고등학교 학생을 대상으로 학년 및 학교급에 따른 학생의 과학긍정경험의 추이와 하락 원인을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 서울특별시에 있는 일반 초·중·고등학교에서 4학년~10학년 학생을 학년별로 표집한 후, 학생들의 과학긍정경험 및 하락 원인을 묻는 설문을 시행하였다. 과학긍정경험 지표 검사에 대한 일원 분산 분석 결과, 전체 평균에서는 학년과 학교급에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 과학긍정경험의 하위 영역별로는 결과가 다소 다르게 나타났다. 즉 과학학습정서에서는 중학생보다 초등학생의 평균이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으며, 초등학교 4학년의 평균이 중학교 1학년, 중학교 3학년, 고등학교 1학년의 평균보다 각각 유의하게 높았다. 과학관련 진로포부에서는 중학생보다 고등학생의 평균이 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 과학관련 자아개념, 과학학습동기, 과학관련 태도에서는 학년 및 학교급에 따른 점수 차이가 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 과학긍정경험의 하위 영역별 주요 하락 원인은 학교급에 따라 다소 달랐다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 학년 및 학교급에 따라 과학긍정경험을 향상시키는 방안을 모색하였다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2016

The objective of the present work is to evaluate the influence of two different methods of improving the ductility of Reinforced Concrete Frames and their influence on the full range behavior of the frames with M40 grade of concrete. For this purpose one fourth scale reinforced concrete square frames are experimentally tested subjected to static cyclic loading for three cases and monotonic loading for one case. The parameters are varied as method introducing ductility to the frame viz. (i) by using conventional concrete (ii) adding 1% of steel fibres by volume of concrete at hinging zones (iii) using self-compacting concrete with fibres at hinging zones. The energy absorption by ductile and non-ductile frames has been compared. The behavior of frames tested under cyclic loading have revealed that there is a positive trend in improvement of ductility of frames when fibrous concrete is used along with self-compacting concrete.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

This study aims to figure out the levels of self-concept, to reveal the aspects of clothing selection behavior, and to clarify the relation of self-concept to clothing selection behavior in high school girls. Questionnaire was used to collect data. The subjects were made up of 298 second-grade high school girls from four parts in Taegu. The findings of this study are as follows : 1. The level of physical self, personal self, family self, and social self of high school girls are shown as above average. 2. In general trend of their clothing selection behavior, the scores related to practicality, economy, exhibitionism except fashionability are shown as high. 3. It seems that high school girls have a tendency to firstly weigh exhibitionism, and then economy, practicality, fashionability are followed one after another. 4. Physical self is shown as significantly different in fashionability, exhibitionism among clothing selection behavior.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.216-221
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• 2004

Linepipe steels with a low carbon acicular ferrite microstructure have been recently developed to accommodate the current transportation condition of the gas and oil industry, and they are finally applied to West- East pipeline project in China. By adopting acicular microstructure, both better formability and better toughness could be obtained due to low yield ratio and fine grained microstructure. Mechanical properties of pipe are not greatly different from those of base plates or hot coils with a microstructure of acicular ferrite. Merits of introducing higher strength steels are well known, i.e., reducing the gauge of pipe and the material cost, increasing the welding speed and decreasing construction cost because of reducing the construction period. Threfore, gas and oil industry has required higher strength steel than APIX70 grade steel. Under this background, API-X80 steel has been developed and shall be applied to the several projects. In this paper, developing stage of API-X80 steel is also presented and discussed.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1996

목적 : 악성 성상세포종에서 표피 성장 인자 수용체의 과발현의 빈도와 예후 인자로서 가능성을 조사하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 조직학적으로 악성 성상세포종으로 확진되고 방사선 치료를 받은 23명(역형성성상세포종 7예, 다형성 교아세포종 16예)의 파라핀 블록에 antihuman EGFR polyclonal antibody를 이용하여 면역염색을 시행하였다. 결과 : 표피 성장 인자 수용체는 역형성 성상세포종에서는 7예중 2예에서 양성이었고 다형성 교아세포종은 16예중 9예에서 양성으로 양군간의 발현 빈도의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다 (p=0.44). 55세 미만의 환자는 11예중 3예에서 양성이었고 55세 이상은 12예중 8예에서 양성이었다(p=0.141). 표피 성장 인자 수용체 음성인 역형성 성상세포종 환자의 평균 생존기간(중앙값)은 37개월이었다. 다형성 교아세포종 환자의 평균 생존 기간은 표피 성장 인자 수용체 음성 군은 중앙값 11개월, 양성 군은 중앙값 7개월이었으나 두 군간의 통계적인 차이는 없었다(p=0.17). 결론 : 55세 이상 연령군에서 표피성장인자 수용체의 과발현의 빈도가 높았다. 다형성 교아세포종 환자의 생존율은 표피성장인자 수용체 과발현에 의하여 감소하였으나 유의한 영향을 받지 않았다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4353-4358
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• 2013

Introduction: Breast cancer aggressiveness can be correlated with proliferation status of tumor cells, which can be ascertained with tumor grade and Ki67 indexing. However due to lack of reproducibility, the ASCO do not recommend routine use of Ki67 in determining prognosis in newly diagnosed breast cancers. We therefore aimed to determine associations of the Ki67 index with other prognostic markers like tumor size, grade, lymph node metastasis, ER, PR and HER2neu status. Methods: A total of 194 cases of newly diagnosed breast cancer were included in the study. Immunohistochemical staining for ER, PR, HER2neu and Ki67 was performed by the DAKO envision method. Associations of the Ki67 index with other prognostic factors were evaluated both as continuous and categorical variables. Results: Mean age of the patients was 51.7 years (24-90). Mean Ki67 index was 26.9% (1-90). ER, PR, HER2neu positivity was noted in 90/194 cases (46.4%), 74/194 cases (38.1%) and 110/194 cases (56.70%) respectively. Significant association was found between Ki67 and tumor grade, PR, HER2neu positivity and lymph node status, but no link was apparent with ER positivity and tumor size. There wasan inverse relation between Ki67 index and PR positivity, whereas a direct correlation was seen with HER2neu positivity. However, high Ki67 (>30%) was associated with decreased HER2neu positivity as compared to intermediate Ki67 (16-30%). The same trend was established with lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: Our study indicates that with high grade tumors, clinical utility of ki67 is greater in combination with other prognostic markers because we found that tumors with Ki67 higher than 30% have better prognostic profile compared to tumors with intermediate Ki67 level, as reflected by slightly lower frequency of lymph node metastasis and HER2neu expression. Therefore we suggest that Ki67 index should be categorized into high, intermediate and low groups when considering adjuvant chemotherapy and prognostic stratification.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2002

Objective: To evaluate whether co-culture of oocytes on vero cell monolayers from Day 0 (Day 0 group) after egg retrieval results in an increase in developmental capacity such as fertilization rate, embryo quality, blastulation and clinical pregnancy rate compared with co-culture of oocytes from Day 1 (Day 1 group). Methods: Sperms were treated with Hams F-10 supplemented with 10% human follicular fluid (hFF). Vero cells for co-culture were prepared in TCM-199 with 10% FBS. Oocytes were co-cultured from Day 0 and fertilized oocytes were co-cultured from Day 1 on vero cell monolayers in DMEM with 10% and 20% hFF, respectively after egg retrieval. On day 1, 2 and 5, fertilization rate and grade of embryos and blastocysts were evaluated. Results (fertilization rate, cleavage rate, grade of embryos and blastocysts and pregnancy rate) were considered statistically significant when p value was less than 0.05 using t-test and $x^2$. Results: In sibling oocytes of same cycles, no differences were found in fertilization rate (94.6 vs. 91.4%), cleavage rates (94.6 vs. 91.4%), embryo grade (on day 2 and 3) and blastulation (65.6 vs. 57.0%) and their grade. In different oocytes of different cycles (patients), no differences were found in fertilization (79.8 vs. 78.3%), cleavage rates (77.7 vs. 76.4%) and blastulation (56.0 vs. 45.3%), but pregnancy rate was higher in the Day 0 group than in the Day 1 group (60.0 vs. 42.9%). Conclusions: This study revealed that the embryonic development capacities were not affected by the different co-culture time in the sibling oocytes of same cycles. Although no statistical significance, because of small size of study, there was a trend for higher pregnancy rates in Day 0 group compared to Day 1 group in different oocytes of different cycles.

• 분석과학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.122-133
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 광주지역 민방위비상급수시설 101 개소를 대상으로 2006년부터 2016년까지 11년 동안 측정한 지하수 수질자료를 통계적으로 분석하였으며, 각 시설별로 먹는물 수질기준 초과횟수와 평균농도 분석 및 경향성 분석을 실시하고, 그 분석결과를 이용하여 4 개의 오염등급으로 구분하였다. 또한 이를 바탕으로 토지이용 현황별로 각 항목의 지하수 오염도를 평가하였다. 통계적으로 유의한 민방위 비상급수 15 개 항목에 대한 수질기준초과횟수, 평균농도분석, 경향성분석의 세가지 오염지시인자를 분석하여 합산한 결과 Turbidity (51.5 %) > Color (32.7 %) > Nitrate nitrogen (28.7 %) > Hardness (25.7 %) 순으로 오염 지시율이 상대적으로 높게 평가되었다. 오염등급 분석결과 안전(0)부터 오염심각(3)까지 오염등급이 다양하게 분포한 Turbidity, Color, Nitrate nitrogen의 3 개 항목을 제외하면 12 개 항목의 수질 오염등급은 전체의 25 %는 '오염가능한 등급(1)'으로, 75%는 '안전한 등급(0)'으로 평가되었다. QGIS를 이용하여 오염 지시율이 높게 평가된 4 개 항목(Turbidity, Color, Nitrate nitrogen, Hardness)은 오염지도에 작성하여 오염등급을 시각화하였다.