• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.28-39
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• 2003

This study was carried out to elucidate effective restoration measures for natural forest with recycling native tree un site from November 2001 to October 2002 to obtain a basic information for revegetation measure, eight experimental treatment was done and the length of stump, root-ball size of stump, antisepsis treatment of trunk cut, Planting season and contents of organic matter in soil were effective on regrowth of root-stock. Thirteen tree species including Quercus acutissima among twenty tree species showed outstanding sprout and survival rate(over 90 percent), Planting in November and combinated planting with 5 trees and 9 shrubs of root-stock per 100$m^2$ plot showed a good growth. And 10 percent of organic matter plot showed a good crown coverage.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제88권4호
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• pp.485-489
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• 1999

1994년의 참나무류 교잡종자에 관하여 발아율 및 그후의 생육상황을 조사하였다. 저장화분의 교배에서 발아율이 zero인 조합이 많은 경향을 보였다. 2년 후의 생존율 및 묘목의 수고생장은 교배 조합에 따라서 차이가 있었다. 1991년과 1993년의 교배묘의 생육상황을 조사하였고, 5년생 묘목의 생존율은 71~100%, 3년생 묘목의 생존율은 33~100%였다. 교배 조합에 따라서 생존율에 차이가 보였으며, 생장(生長)이 저조한 왜성묘목(矮性苗木)이 많은 조합에서는 고사율(枯死率)이 많았다. Q. aliena를 교배모수(交配母樹)로 한 경우 5년생의 생장(生長)이 가장 우수하였다. 특히 Q. aliena ${\times}$ Q. serrata가 167.9cm(5년생)이고 Q. dentata ${\times}$ Q. aliena는 120.2cm(3년생)으로 생장(生長)이 양호(良好)하였다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 1999

Purpose: We performed this study retrospectively to evaluate local control, survival, prognostic factors, and failure patterns in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring. Materials and Methods: From April 1984 to November 1996,41 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring were treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Age was ranged from 19 to 73 years old with a median age of 55 years, and there were 26 male and 15 female patients. Primary site was tonsil in 26 and base of the tongue in 7 and nasopharynx in 8, and stage distribution showed stage I in 12 and stage II in 29 patients. Pathologic classification was done according to Working Formulation. There were 1 with follicular mixed small cleaved and large cell, 8 with diffuse small cleaved cell, 7 with diffuse mixed small and large cell, and 25 cases with diffuse large cell. All patients were treated with combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy regimen consisted of either CHOP-Bleo(cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, prednisolone, bleomycin) or COP-BLAM III(cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, bleomycin, adriamycin, procarbazine). Radiation dose ranged from 3600cGy to 6620cGy with a median dose of 5040cGy. Follow-up time was ranged from 15 months to 159 months(median 55 months). Results: The complete response was achieved in 98%(40/41) and partial response in 2%(1/41). The complete response rate were the followings: 66.7% for stage I and 51.7% for stage II after chemotherapy, 100% for stage I and 96.6% for stage II after overall treatment respectively. The overall survival rate and disease-tree survival rates at 5 years were 82.6% and 79.5%, respectively. Prognostic factors for overall survival were age(p=0.007), stage(p=0.03), nodal status(p=0.006) and radiation dose(p=0.003). The factors associated with disease-tree survival were stage(p=0.04), nodal status(p=0.004) and radiation dose(p=0.009). The failure patterns were analized in evaluable 35 patients with complete response. Locoregional failure was noted in 2 patients and distant metastasis in 5 patients. Conclusion: Our results suggest that combined modality therapy is the appropriate treatment for stage I-II intermediate grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring. However, our material is small and the analysis is retrospective. Randomized prospective studies for combined therapy, radiation therapy alone and chemotherapy alone are needed.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2004

폐기물로 처리되고 있는 자생수목 그루터기를 재활용하여 에코녹화공법을 개발하기 위하여 전남 함평군 월야면에 위치한 호남대학교 부속농장에 모니터링 시험구를 2001년 11월에 설치하였다. 시험기간은 2001년 11월부터 2003년 10월까지였으며, 모니터링 시험구 조사는 2002년 10월, 2003년 9월, 총 2회 실시하였다. 모니터링 시험에서 그루터기의 맹아우세수종 선발 수간 절지길이 차이 및 방부처리 유무에 따른 생장량 변화, 식재시기 및 식재본수에 따른 활착율을 조사하였다. 자생수목 그루터기 모니터링 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 90% 이상 활착율을 나타낸 수종은 공시수종 총 20종 중 10종으로 느티나무, 때죽나무, 비목나무, 산딸나무, 상수리나무, 야광나무, 참느릅나무, 털야광나무, 팽나무, 장구밥나무 였다. 수간절지길이에 따른 생장량은 수간길이 10cm처리구보다 35cm처리구에서 우세하게 나타났고, 근원직경에 대한 뿌리규격에 따른 생장량은 3배(폭)${\times}$5배(깊이)와 5배(폭)${\times}$5배(깊이)에서 우세하게 나타났다. 수간절지부 방부처리 유무에 따른 생장량은 방부처리구의 수종에서 우세하게 나타났고, 식재시기에 따른 공시수종의 생장량은 생리휴면기인 늦가을(11월)에 식재한 그루터기에서 우세하게 나타났으며, 다음으로 초봄(3월), 늦봄(5월) 식재 순이었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.338-351
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• 2018

This study was conducted in a long-term experimental forest in the central hardwoods region of southwestern Michigan to retrospectively examine the role of past forest management practices and climate on red oak (Quercus rubra L.) productivity. Initially, in 1971, plots within the experimental forest were treated separately with a clearcut and shelterwood regeneration harvest in an attempt to increase red oak regeneration. From 1987-1989, a new study was initiated within a portion of the clearcut and shelterwood plots to evaluate the effectiveness of additional oak crop tree release using mechanical and chemical applications. Cumulative diameter and mortality rates of 719 red oaks were monitored across the four silvicultural treatments: Clearcut-A (clearcut without additional release treatment), Clearcut-B (clearcut with additional release treatment), Shelterwood-A (shelterwood without additional release), and Shelterwood-B (shelterwood with additional release) plus an untreated control. Increment cores were obtained from red oak trees and neighboring competitor species. Tree-ring analyses (dendrochronology) were applied to examine the effect of these silvicultural treatments and climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) on red oak productivity. The results indicated that crop tree release following a clearcut or shelterwood harvest reduced mortality rates and thus increased survival of red oak. Red oak in control plots or plots only receiving the initial regeneration harvesting treatment and no additional competition release were negatively affected by climatic stress, which included summer moisture stress. In contrast, red oak in plots that received the competition release treatment from shade tolerant tree species not only had higher tree level productivity (i.e., tree basal area) and lower mortality rates, but were also relatively more resilient to climatic stress by showing limited or no associations between climate and growth.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.1095-1106
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 악성간암환자의 생존기간에 영향을 주는 인자를 찾기 위하여 반응변수를 악성간암 환자의 생존을 임상변수의 정보와 SNP유전인자를 통합한 자료를 대상으로 이해하기 쉬운 나무구조 생존모형과 심볼릭자료분석을 실시하여 영향을 주는 유의한 인자 뿐 아니라 그 임계치를 구하여 임상적으로 유용한 결과를 찾아 임상에 적용하는 것이 목적이다. 악성간암환자의 임상자료를 계량화하여 통계적 예후진단 모형을 구함으로써 임상변수 간 숨겨진 변수간의 관계를 규명하고 생존기간 군에 따른 예측 분류모형을 구하여 현시적으로 진단후 예후에 영향을 주는 중요 임상변수와 유전체변수 그 임계치를 구하여 임상에서의 치료계획에 중요한 근거를 제시했다. 심볼릭데이터 분석 결과 정상, 만성 간염, 간염, 악성간염 등의 4개 군으로 구성된 1840명의 대상자를 분석 5 유전체의 20개 SNP가 밝혀진 바 있다. 즉 IL10-ht2가 악성간암의 발병에 매위 강한 관련이 있고 TGFB L10P-Prosms가 만성 간염 환자 중 악성간암 발생 위험을 줄여주는 유전체로 밝혀졌다. SNP변수와 질병군의 컴셉트 변수에 따라 상관정도를 원의 반지름 길이로 상대적으로 나타내 줌으로써 가장 판별력 있는 심볼릭변수를 상대적으로 비교할 수 있었다. 임상자료와 유전체자료를 통합하여 심볼릭 나무구조 생존모형을 구하여 생존기간을 군으로 한 나무구조모형을 유의한 변수와 기준치와 함께 구할 수 있었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2016

공공기관의 조경공사 설계시에는 일반적으로 조달청에서 고시하는 조경수목 가격을 반영하나, 수목 식재시 조달청에서 정한 세근발달 재배품이라는 규정이 거의 준수되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 규정을 준수하면서 하자율을 줄일 수 있는 조경수 생산의 신기술, 신제품인 지중 매립형 컨테이너 모듈의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 단근 후 3개월간의 세근 발생밀도, 세근발달 길이 및 굴취시 세근 유지율, 수목의 생육 지장 여부에 대하여 일반노지 단근과 컨테이너 용기 지상재배와 비교 연구하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 세근 발생의 밀도는 컨테이너 모듈을 사용한 조경수에서는 88%로 매우 높게 나타났으며, 일반 노지 단근은 64%로 상대적으로 낮았고, 컨테이너 용기를 이용한 지상재배 조경수는 고사하여 측정의 의미가 없었다. 둘째, 조경수의 세근발달과 세근 유지율은 컨테이너 모듈의 경우, 평균 길이는 10.4cm, 세근 유지율은 100%로서 굴취에 의한 세근의 손상은 없었으며, 노지 단근의 경우 평균 길이는 25.6cm, 세근 유지율은 56%로 컨테이너 모듈의 절반 수준으로 훼손이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 컨테이너 용기 조경수의 세근발달은 전혀 이루어지지 않았다. 셋째, 컨테이너 모듈과 일반 노지 단근의 경우, 단근 작업에 따른 수목의 고사 또는 왜소엽 등의 지장이 전혀 없었다. 반면에 컨테이너 용기의 경우, 거의 전량이 고사하여 수목생육에 지장이 심각한 것으로 확인되었다. 이상에서, 지중매립형 컨테이너 모듈의 성능을 평가해 본 결과, 세 가지 모델 중 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었으며, 컨테이너 모듈이 여름철 부적기 식재나 생육조건이 불리한 환경에서 수목의 빠른 초기 활착을 유도함으로써 하자를 예방하고, 조달청 규정 등에서 제시하고 있는 원칙을 준수할 수 있는 최적의 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2013

Objective: Ulmi Pumilae Cortex (UPC) is a deciduous tree with uneven pinnate leaves and is classified as a subfamily of Ulmuceae and contains many pharmacologically active constituents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of UPC on the growth and survival of AGS cells, the most common human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. Methods: The AGS cells were treated with varying concentrations of UPC. Analyses of the sub G1, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial depolarization were conducted to determine whether AGS cell death occured by apoptosis. Furthermore, to identify the role of the transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) 7 channels in AGS cell growth and survival, we used human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells overexpressed with TRPM7 channels. Results: The addition of UPC to a culture medium inhibited AGS cell growth and survival. Experimental results showed that the sub G1, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial depolarization were increased. Furthermore, TRPM7 channel overexpression in HEK 293 cells exacerbated UPC-induced cell death. Conclusion: These findings indicate that UPC inhibits the growth and survival of gastric cancer cells due to a blockade of the TRPM7 channel activity. Therefore, UPC is a potential drug for treatment of gastric cancer, and TRPM7 channels may play an important role in survival in cases of gastric cancer.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2022

Background/Objectives: This study analyzed the prognostic significance of clinico-pathologic factors including comprehensive nodal factors in parotid gland cancers (PGCs) patients and constructed a survival prediction model for PGCs patients using machine learning techniques. Materials & Methods: A total of 131 PGCs patients were enrolled in the study. Results: There were 19 cases (14.5%) of lymph nodes (LNs) at the lower neck level and 43 cases (32.8%) involved multiple level LNs metastases. There were 2 cases (1.5%) of metastases to the contralateral LNs. Intraparotid LNs metastasis was observed in 6 cases (4.6%) and extranodal extension (ENE) findings were observed in 35 cases (26.7%). Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion findings were observed in 42 cases (32.1%) and 49 cases (37.4%), respectively. Machine learning prediction models were constructed using clinico-pathologic factors including comprehensive nodal factors and Decision Tree and Stacking model showed the highest accuracy at 74% and 70% for predicting patient's survival. Conclusion: Lower level LNs metastasis and LNR have important prognostic significance for predicting disease recurrence and survival in PGCs patients. These two factors were used as important features for constructing machine learning prediction model. Our machine learning model could predict PGCs patient's survival with a considerable level of accuracy.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.388-394
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• 2018

An efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro germination of seeds of Couroupita guianensis has been developed in the present study. Couroupita guianensis is a medicinally important tree and categorized as threatened plant species by the IUCN. The seeds were surface sterilized using 0.1% $HgCl_2$ and inoculated on MS (Murashige and Skoog) and Woody Plants (Llyod and McCown) medium. The seeds with partially removed seed coat responded better (100%) on half strength MS medium as compared to the full (51%), one-fourth strength MS (79%) and the WP medium. Half strength MS medium conjunct with $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) was found best among the different types of auxins and cytokinins tested for seed germination, as all the seeds germinated on this medium combination. The seedlings were successfully hardened in the greenhouse and restored in the field with 83% survival rate. The protocol can be used as conservation measure for large scale multiplication of this threatened forest tree species.