• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• no.11
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• pp.1-14
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• 1970

The following results were obtained by surveying the productivity of mulberry fields in Korea. 1. The productivity of mulberry field per 10a in which cocoon can be yield belongs to the range of 9.8∼105kg, and among them the productivity of 20 to 60kg was chiefly distributed. And their average was 50.2kg. 2. In general, the larger the mulberry field in scale per a person is, the lower the productivity of it is, but about 6.6 ares per a person was estimated to be economic scale for high productivity. 3. As far as the texture of soil is concerned, sandy-loam and loam contained a capacity of higher productivity while others like clay and sand that of lower productivity, And the depth of surface soil must be at least 50cm, although 70cm's depth of surface sail could bring about high productivity. 4. Fertilization of 900kg's compost on planting and 1,200kg's that after planting could enhance the productivity, because the use of compost have a positive relation to the productivity. 5. The greater the number of farmer's domestic animals is as a source of organic matter the higher the productivity is. 6. In the case of fertilization of 1,200kg compost, the amount of 20kg's nitrogen per 10 ares as chemical manure was best for high productivity. However, fertilization of 14.7kg's nitrogen as average amount of that, which is far below the standard amount, had been a factor to reduce the productivity of mulberry field. 7. In pruning the low-cut form resulted in high productivity, but as their shape become taller due to the lack of techniques, they were turned out to be non head pruning, thus to produce poor harvest of leaves. 8. The pure mulberry fields showed better productivity than others such as wide and narrow ridge planting and inter-crop planting. 9. As for the degree of planting density, at least 800 trees per 10 ares should be planted to increase the productivity, although the planting of 713 trees per 10 ares could be possible in case of the low stemmed pruning. 10. The hole and tranch in planting must be digged as wider and dipper as possible far the better growth of mulberry tree. 11. On the whole, varieties like NOsang and Y oung-cheun choowoo had a tendency of lower productivity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2018

This study was wanted to select a value evaluation item to maintain the authenticity of the Planting Landscape in Hahoe and Yangdong villages. Above all, after checking the suitability of the 43 selected items by the Focus Group Interview, the weight was calculated in the Analytic Hierarchy Process expert questionnaire to establish the importance of the indicators for the development of the assessment items. The expert analysis analyzed the importance of 2 sections, 6 divisions and 11 detailed categories, and summarized the results of the study as follows : First, the comparative importance of each category and selection of the assessment items for the stabilization of the Planting Landscape of Hahoe and Yangdong indicated that cultural values are more important than biological values. In particular, details of the biological values of trees were derived with relatively low estimates, except for the specific characteristics of species and items of type of tree. Second, as a result of verification of the suitability of the 43 items selected by the Focus Group Interview, the source diameter, the collection width, reception, flushing, supersonality, records, memorials, 11 items were selected, Third, the results of the importance evaluation of the value properties for maintaining the resistance of vegetation through the Analytic Hierarchy Process were : specific in biological values (0.187), steady (0.094), and water pipe width (2007). There was relatively little difference in the highest weights, the width of the pipe except for the lowest value received, and the source diameter flushing. Fourth, the results of an evaluation of the importance of a value property aimed at historical values were whether or not the cultural asset was designated (0.134), the record value (0.092), the time (0.088), and the monument (0.063). In terms of the importance of evaluating the historical values of Planting sites consisting of Hahoe and Yangdong, the importance of designation of cultural properties was considered to be relative to the maintenance of the Planting Landscape including culture and history. Based on the assessment items and weighted values of the Planting Landscape of Yangdong Village and the World Cultural Heritage below and below, this study's Analytic Hierarchy Process can be applied to actual criteria for the assessment of the authenticity of trees in the village. Based on the assessment items and weighted values of the Planting Landscape in Hahoe and Yangdong villages, a follow-up study on the assessment standards for the authenticity of trees in the village will be left as a future task.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1264-1268
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 2002년부터 2004년까지 3년에 걸쳐 한강고수부지(반포지구)에서 수목 식재에 따른 수리적 영향을 수치모형 및 현장조사를 통하여 평가하였다. RMA-2모형을 이용하여 분석한 결과 수목 식재전$\cdot$후로 수위는 3 cm 증가하고 유속은 4 cm/s 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 식재로 인한 수리량의 변화는 매우 미미한 것으로 나타났다. .현장조사를 통해 얻은 실측자료도 홍수 시 수목 식재에 의한 하천수리특성에 미치는 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 매년 홍수기간 동안 보여 지는 침수양상에 따라 수리특성이 상이하게 나타났다. 그러므로 지속적인 자료 수집을 통하여 다양한 침수상황에 다른 기초 수리자료를 축척하고 정밀 분석할 필요가 있다. 또한 수리모형실험을 통해 현장조사 및 수치모형 결과와 비교$\cdot$분석하여 상호보완 할 필요성이 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.87-96
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• 2010

PAP method is a combined measures which consist a anchored retaining wall method with permanent ground anchors and vertical precast concrete panels, step by step on the slope surface. And soil is back filled between slope and vertical precast panels. Therefore, this method is more effective than any other ground anchor reinforcing methods of slope stability, for example cross type concrete block ground anchor or buttress concrete block ground anchor method. Because of increasing effective anchor force and green tree planting.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-48
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• 2005

An architectural framework is developed for integrating geospatial and temporal data with relational information from which a spatio-temporal data warehouse (STDW) system is built. In order to implement the STDW, a generic conceptual model was designed that accommodated six dimensions: spatial (map object), temporal (time), agent (contractor), management (e.g. planting) and tree species (specific species) that addressed the 'where', 'when', 'who', 'what', 'why' and 'how' (5W1H) of the STDW information, respectively. A formal algebraic notation was developed based on a triplet schema that corresponded with spatial, temporal, and relational data type objects. Spatial object structures and spatial operators (spatial selection, spatial projection, and spatial join) were defined and incorporated along with other database operators having interfaces via the generic model.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.423-429
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• 1997

Under the WTO system in the world, our country's apple industry must be set in quite a new aspect. For new apple industry with competition power, we should establish apple industry development strategies as follows. First, to change the present apple trees to the lowered or dwarf tree with high density planting system using M9 rootstocks. Second, to expand the size of apple orchard management and to bring up as professional apple farmers. Third, to develop the integrated apple production system considering environment and human being. Fourth, to innovate improved harvest, storage and shipment system. Finally, Rural Extension Institution should activate the farmer's training and produce the apple nursery trees of better quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.169-172
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• 2007

Sustainable interior design elements are related with human health. We know that a demand for environmental-friendly housing and all about the others demanding are for human health. We have to make up basement of natural environment for sustainable space composition. If natural environment is polluted that surrounded by human, we have to effort to revive without any pollution. We have to get accomplished stability, comfortable, security, convenience and organize interior design elements for sustainable space to enhance for the quality of life. Furthermore, it needs to get a respect lifestyle on personal. To study composing of the sustainable interior design, we arranged interior design elements to compose sustainable space of housing. We investigated how to compose energy-efficiency, sustainable, interior tree-planting, alterable of the space.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2006

Truffles are cultivated by growing seedlings of compatible tree species in pasteurized substrate amended with truffle spores, maintaining the inoculated seedlings in the greenhouse until the mycorrhizal relationship is established and certified, planting the infected seedlings onto appropriate and properly prepared sites, and managing the resulting truffieres (truffle orchards) to maintain the truffle infections and encourage truffle fruiting. Questions remain to be addressed at each step of the process in developing best management practices for truffle cultivation.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2010

In order to promote the growth of the trees, it is the most important to fertilize efficiently. The organic nutrient "Green-one" which list public notification number 08-organic-3-112" was registered in Rural Development Administration. The "Green-one" is the environment friendly organic nutrient with new concept which is used in planting and maintenance of the trees. The "Green-one" makes the tree grow actively. Also it has a function of the anti germ and sustainable fertilizer effect. In conclusion, "Green-one" promoted the growth of P. thunbergii excellently. Expecially the growth of the root increased. The concentration of "Green-one" dilution was more better 100 times than 300 times in trees grow. This research can apply with the test of fertilizer efficiency in landscape trees.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.37-49
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• 2015

The goal of this research is to examine air temperature changes according to tree type, plantation type, roadside green area structure, and green volume of street green area within a city. The plantation type that could be analyzed for comparison by tree type with over 3 species was 1 rows of tree+shrubs. The results of analysis of average air temperature difference between pedestrian and car streets vis-a-vis 1 row of tree+shrub in high air temperature areas were: Pinus densiflora, $1.35^{\circ}C$; Zelkova serrata, $1.84^{\circ}C$; Ginkgo biloba, $2.00^{\circ}C$; Platanus occidentalis, $2.57^{\circ}C$. This standard large wide canopy species was analyzed by the roadside to provide shade to have a significant impact on air temperature reduction. In terms of analysis of the relationship between plantation type of roadside trees and air temperature, the average air temperature difference for 1 row of tree type was $1.80^{\circ}C$; for 2 rows of trees it was $2.15^{\circ}C$. In terms of analysis of the relationship between the roadside green area structure and air temperature, for tree type, average air temperature $1.94^{\circ}C$: for tree+shrub type, average air temperature $2.49^{\circ}C$; for tree+mid-size tree+shrub type, average air temperature $2.57^{\circ}C$. That is, air temperature reduction was more effective in a multi-layer structure than a single layer structure. In the relationship analysis of green volume and air temperature reduction, the air temperature reduction effect was enlarged as there was a large amount of green volume. There was a relationship with the green volume of the road, the size of the tree and number of tree layers and a multi-layer structured form of planting. The canopy volume was large and there were a great number of rows of the tree layer and the plantation type of multi-layer structure, which is what is meant through a relationship with the green volume along the roadside. Green composition standards for air temperature reduction effects and functional improvement were proposed based on the result. For a pedestrian street width of 3m or less in the field being ideal, deciduous broadleaf trees in which the canopy volume is small and the structure of the tree+shrub type through the greatest 1m green bend were proposed. For a pedestrian street width of over 3m, deciduous broadleaf trees in which the canopy volume is large and is multi-layer planted with green bend over 1m, tree+mid-size tree+shrub type was proposed.