• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Background: Alzheimer's dementia is the most common dementia. However, recently, choline alfoscerate is prescribed for treating Alzheimer's dementia, although it is not a treatment for this disease. Purpose: To analyze the prescription patterns of choline alfoscerate as a dementia treatment for patients with Alzheimer's disease and to analyze, as well as the factors affecting choline alfoscerate prescription. Method: The 2016 HIRA-NPS data was used in this study. The code of Alzheimer's dementia is F00 in the ICD-10 disease classification code. We analyzed the demographic, clinical, and regional characteristics associated with donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, memantine, and choline alfoscerate prescriptions. All statistical and data analyse were conducted by SAS 9.4 and Excel. Results: For patients with Alzheimer's disease, choline alfoscerate was the second most prescribed after donepezil. Analysis results showed that choline alfoscerate was more likely to be prescribed to men than to women, and more likely to be prescribed by local health centers than by medical institutions. Moreover, choline alfoscerate was highly likely to be prescribed at neurosurgical departments, among medical departments. Conclusions: This study confirmed that choline alfoscerate was prescribed considerably for patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Further studies valuating its clinical validity should be performed to clarify whether choline alfoscerate prescription is appropriate for treating Alzheimer's dementia.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.306-316
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• 2024

We conducted experiments to control the hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties by adjusting line and grid patterns on the surface of medical bone fixation plates using a femtosecond laser. Basic experiments were conducted using pure titanium and titanium alloy (6% alumina, 4% vanadium). The spacing of the line and grid patterns was adjusted, and surface properties were confirmed using contact angle measurement equipment. We demonstrated the feasibility of controlling hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties through the patterns of lines and grids. Based on the results of the basic experiments, surface treatment was applied to medical bone fixation plates currently used in clinical practice. Through laser processing, we confirmed a contact angle of approximately 9.18° for hydrophilicity and approximately 101.07° for hydrophobicity. We confirmed that easy control of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties is achievable using laser processing technology and anticipate its application in various medical component fields.

• Carbon letters
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-218
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• 2015

Carbon micro particles with dimple patterns were produced by electro-spraying a solution of pitch in tetrahydrofuran. Particle formation depended on separation in an electrical field and volatilization of the solvent. More than 80% of the obtained carbon exhibited an average particle size of less than 50 μm. X-ray diffraction analysis suggests that the carbon with dimple patterns has increased crystallinity after heat treatment.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2018

Objectives While Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is highly prevalent in Korea, studies examining its Korean medical treatment are currently lacking. The aim of this study was to assess current Korean medical treatment practice patterns for TMD. Methods A preliminary questionnaire was developed to investigate current practice patterns of TMD treatment and underwent further revision through external review. The final questionnaire was distributed as a web-based survey to 18,289 potential respondents by email. Results The response rate was 2.23%. Most participants replied that they received multiple Korean medicine interventions for TMD treatment consisting of such methods as acupuncture, chuna manipulation, electroacupuncture. The percentage of treatment services among uncovered services, which need to be covered by national health insurance was high in the order of pharmacopuncture, chuna manipulation, and herbal medicine. The most commonly used diagnostic examination tools for TMD was Physical examination and next was Imaging diagnosis. The frequency of TMD treatment was the highest at 2~3 times per week (76%) and the period was from 4 to 12 weeks (63%). Conclusions This survey study helps determine current practice patterns of TMD, and recognizes the need for use of diagnostic devices in TMD treatment. These results are further anticipated to provide basic data for clinical practice guide lines (CPGs).

• 음성과학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2001

This case study investigated the assessment and treatment of bilingual children using a 4.5 year old bilingual child. We also compared treatment methods for bilingual children in the U.S. and in Korea, respectively. Given the lack of unbiased assessment tools, it was difficult to evaluate the child properly. In addition, the study of the linguistic characteristics of bilingual children have not been researched extensively in Korea. As a result, there were limitations in assessing the child. However, once all requisite information had been gathered, he was assessed as a bilingual child with specific language impairment (SLI) and his skill in both languages was considered equivalent. During treatment sessions, the child exhibited diverse linguistic characteristics and interesting error patterns which were not evident in monolingual SLI. However, it was difficult to assess whether the error patterns exhibited by the subject were attributable to his own bilingual characteristics or not. This was further complicated by the lack of previous research on the bilingual child's linguistic characteristics. His progress differed from one area to another. Furthermore, we illustrated some of the limitations in assessing bilingual children and proposed several considerations that should be met before treatment is initiated.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.91-103
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• 2008

Because of comfortable texture and easy treatment, more and more knit products has been required for leisure such as sports, traveling, hobbies, and various social activities. Therefore, the demand of knit is gradually increasing in the clothing industry. There are, however, several issues, which require solutions, and we must develop higher value-added products, which differentiate from those of developing countries allowing us to compete and win in the world market. The patterns on porcelain of underglaze iron, which had been popular from late-l5th century to mid-16th century, are diverse, unique, and traditional--so valuable patterns of our own. The computer hitting machine enables the designer to conceive new designs and produce samples of fabrics within a few minutes, which allows us to save time for mass production. Therefore, it is an essential tool for the knitting industry. After collecting, analyzing, and choosing various patterns on porcelains of underglaze iron, This study reflects the actual experience of hitting the fabrics with the patterns through the computer knitting machine which is also used to produce patterns after designing the new patterns through Adobe Illustrator and Photoshop, which has several merits. This article compares and analyzes them for production, which uses the patterns that has been designed from the patterns on porcelains of underglaze iron.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 1995

Currently, some food materials are disinfected by $\gamma$-irradiation (using Co-60) or ethylene oxide treatment. These treatments were applied to ginseng powder and the ginseng components such as ginsenosides, polyacetylenes and phenolic acids were analyzed by HPLC to determine any compositional changes due to irradiation. No appreciable difference was observed in the HPLC pattern of ginsenosides, polyacetylenes of ginseng powder after 10 key irradiation or ethylene oxide treatment (EO $CO_2$= 3 : 7, w/wfb) from those of untreated fresh ginseng powder when they were analyzed soon after treatments. When the ginseng powders were stored at room temperature for three years after the same treatment, the HPLC patterns of polyacetylenes and phenolic acid fraction showed appreciable change from those of fresh ginseng powder, however, the HPLC patterns of three year old samples did not show any appreciable difference.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2024

This paper introduces an optimized oxygen (O₂) plasma surface treatment technique to enhance sphere lithography on hydrophobic photoresist surfaces. The focus is on semiconductor manufacturing, particularly the creation of finer structures beyond the capabilities of traditional photolithography. The key breakthrough is a method that makes substrate surfaces hydrophilic without altering photoresist patterns. This is achieved by meticulously controlling the O₂ plasma treatment duration. The result is the consistent formation of nano and microscale patterns across large areas. From an academic perspective, the study deepens our understanding of surface treatments in pattern formation. Industrially, it heralds significant progress in semiconductor and precision manufacturing sectors, promising enhanced capabilities and efficiency.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.640-645
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• 1990

우육에 7.5%의 당을 첨가하고 $121^{\circ}C$에서 가열처리하여 근원섬유단백질의 전기영동 pattern 변화를 알아보았다. 당을 첨가하지 않은 경우 가열처리시간이 길어짐에 따라 myosin heavy chain(MHC) 등의 분자량이 큰 단백질의 band강도는 크게 약화되었지만 actin 등의 분자량이 작은 단백질은 거의 변화가 없었으며 당을 첨가한 처리구에서는 가열처리에 의하여 MHC 등의 band강도가 더욱 약화되었는데 특히 glucose 첨가시 15분간 가열처리구에서는 actin band의 강도도 크게 약해졌다. 시료에 peptidase를 작용시킨 후 추출한 단백질의 전기영동 pattern은 거의 변화가 없었으며 chymotrypsin을 작용시켰을 때 근원섬유를 구성하는 단백질들이 소화된 것을 보여주었으나 갈변반응이 심하게 발생하였던 glucose 첨가구에서는 myosin분자 등의 중합체가 나타났다 Trypsin을 작용시켰을 때 전체적으로 chymotrypsin의 경우보다 더욱 소화된 것을 보여주면서 glucose 첨가구에서는 myosin분자 등의 중합체가 더욱 강하게 나타났으며 peptidase chymotrypsin, trypsin을 동시에 작용시켜도 glucose 첨가구에서는 myosin 분자 등의 중합체가 소화되지 못하며 그 강도도 fructose 첨가구의 것보다 강한 것을 보여 주었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.223-223
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• 2012

Surface engineering plays a significant role in fabricating highly functionalized materials applicable to industrial and biomedical fields. Surface wrinkles and folds formed by ion beam or plasma treatment are buckling-induced patterns and controlled formation of those patterns has recently gained considerable attention as a way of creating well-defined surface topographies for a wide range of applications. Surface wrinkles and folds can be observed when a stiff thin layer attached to a compliant substrate undergoes compression and plasma treatment is one of the techniques that can form stiff thin layers on compliant polymeric substrates, such as poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Here, we report two effective methods using plasma modification techniques for controlling the formation of surface wrinkles and folds on flat or patterned PDMS substrates. First, we show a method of creating wrinkled diamond-like carbon (DLC) film on grooved PDMS substrates. Grooved PDMS substrates fabricated by a molding method using a grooved master prepared by photolithography and a dry etching process were treated with argon plasma and subsequently coated with DLC film, which resulted in the formation of wrinkled DLC film aligning perpendicular to the steps of the pre-patterned ridges. The wavelength and the amplitude of the wrinkled DLC film exhibited variation in the submicron- to micron-scale range according to the duration of argon plasma pre-treatment. Second, we present a method for controlled formation of folds on flat PDMS substrates treated with oxygen plasma under large compressive strains. Flat PDMS substrates were strained uniaxially and then treated with oxygen plasma, resulting in the formation of surface wrinkles at smaller strain levels, which evolved into surface folds at larger strain levels. Our results demonstrate that we can control the formation and evolution of surface folds simply by controlling the pre-strain applied to the substrates and/or the duration of oxygen plasma treatment.