• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1990

멥쌀 전분(아끼바레, 용문벼, 태백벼, 미국쌀)과 찹쌀 전분의 수분을 27 %로 조절하여 $100^{\circ}C$에서 16시간 열처리한 후 이화학적 성질을 조사하였다. 쌀 전분 입자는 다면체로 표면이 부드럽고 매끈하였으며 수분-열처리하면 크기가 약간 커졌고 X-선 회절도로 부터 얻은 결정형은 모두 A형이었다. 수분-열처리하면 쌀 전분의 비중은 $1.03{\sim}1.09$로 감소했고, 물결합 능력은 멥쌀 전분은 증가하였으나 찹쌀 전분은 약간 감소하였다. 아밀로오스 함량은 거의 변화가 없었다. 팽화력과 용해도는 온도가 상승함에 따라 증가하였으며 일정 온도에서 수분-열처리 전분의 용해도는 증가했으나 팽화력은 감소하였다. 광투과도에 의한 호화개시 온도는 아끼바레, 용문벼, 태백벼 전분은 $60{\sim}65^{\circ}C$였고 찹쌀 전분은 $55{\sim}60^{\circ}C$, 미국쌀 전분은 $70{\sim}75^{\circ}C$였으며 수분-열처리시 호화개시 온도는 상승하였다.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2008

Objectives : This study was designed to make beneficial proposal for clinical application on some of the most common disorders treated by Oriental medicine by analyzing treatment process and prognosis. Methods : Number of peculiar attributes pertaining to a specific disorder were analyzed and based on those attributes, patterns associated with process and prognosis were interpreted in reference with classical literatures. Results : 1. Factors which can influence the progression and prognosis include time of onset, intensity of symptoms, course of passage, effects of risk factors, condition of the patient's righteous qi(正氣), accuracy of differential diagnosis made by the practitioner, accuracy of treatment methods, and other unexpected external influences. 2. Correlation between the condition of disorders and treatment progression is closely associated with proper treatment procedures and performances. The time of onset and intensity play critical roles in the treatment process and prognosis and showed pattern tendency with mutual interactions. 3. When there is complication of various disorders, it is ideal to give priority to more urgent illness and take care of moderate illness later. If there isn't any correlation between disorders, treat them in the order of acute to chronic disorders. The approach is reversed when disorders are related, treating in the order of most chronic to most acute. 4. In a case of complication of various disorders, depending on the disorder being acute or chronic, intensity, and accuracy of treatments, either a domino effect or gradual fade out of symptoms were witnessed. 5. The concept of "Five Evils Theory" according to Nan Jing(Difficult Classic) is essential in grasping disease progression due to interrelationships between zangfu organs. Conclusions : Predicting of disease process and prognosis for vast array of disorders treated by Oriental medicine is a very difficult task, yet evaluating the disorder's peculiar properties and influential factors resulted in few principles which can be effectively applied into clinical applications.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2007

Phytoremediation has been used effectively for the biodegradation of oil-based contaminants, including diesel, by the stimulation of soil microbes near plant roots (rhizosphere). However, the technique has rarely been assessed for itsinfluence on soil microbial properties such as population, community structure, and diversity. In this study, the removal efficiency and characteristics of rhizobacteria for phytoremediation of diesel-contaminated soils were assessed using barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli). The concentration of spiked diesel for treatments was around $6000\;mg\;kg^{-1}$. Diesel removal efficiencies reached 100% in rhizosphere soils, 76% in planted bulk soils, and 62% in unplanted bulk soils after 3weeks stabilization and 2 months growth(control, no microbial activity: 32%). The highest populations of culturable soil bacteria ($5.89{\times}10^8$ per g soil) and culturable hydrocarbon-degraders($5.65{\times}10^6$ per g soil) were found in diesel-contaminated rhizosphere soil, also yielding the highest microbial dehydrogenase. This suggests that the populations of soil bacteria, including hydrocarbon-degraders, were significantly increased by a synergistic rhizosphere + diesel effect. The diesel treatment alone resulted in negative population growth. In addition, we investigated the bacterial community structures of each soil sample based on DGGE (Denaturing Gel Gradient Electrophoresis) band patterns. Bacterial community structure was most influenced by the presence of diesel contamination (76.92% dissimilarity to the control) and by a diesel + rhizosphere treatment (65.62% dissimilarity), and least influenced by the rhizosphere treatment alone (48.15% dissimilarity). Based on the number of distinct DGGE bands, the bacterial diversity decreased with diesel treatment, but kept constant in the rhizosphere treatment. The rhizosphere thus positively influenced bacterial population density in diesel-contaminated soil, resulting in high removal efficiency of diesel.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.29-40
• /
• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a major cause of skin photoaging. Previous studies reported that ethanol extract (PET) of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch flowers (PPF, peach flowers) and its subfractions, particularly the ethylacetate (PEA) and n-butanol extracts (PBT), have potent antioxidant activity and attenuate the UV-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in human skin cells. In this study, we investigated the protective activity of PPF extract against UV-induced photoaging in a mouse model. MATERIALS/METHODS: Hairless mice were treated with PET or a mixture of PEA and PBT either topically or orally along with UV irradiation. Histological changes and biochemical alterations of mouse skin were examined. Major phenolic compounds in PPF extract were analyzed using an ACQUITY UPLC system. RESULTS: The overall effects of topical and oral treatments with PPF extract on the UV-induced skin responses exhibited similar patterns. In both experiments, the mixture of PEA and PBT significantly inhibited the UV-induced skin and epidermal thickening, while PET inhibited only the UV-induced epidermal thickening. Treatment of PET or the mixture of PEA and PBT significantly inhibited the UV-induced MMP-13 expression, but not type I collagen expression. Topical treatment of the mixture of PEA and PBT with UV irradiation significantly elevated catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) activities in the skin compared to those in the UV irradiated control group, while oral treatment of the mixture of PEA and PBT or PET elevated only catalase and SOD activities, but not GPx. Thirteen phytochemical compounds including 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, cimicifugic acid E and B, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside and kaempferol glycoside derivatives were identified in the PPF extract. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that treatment with PET or the mixture of PEA and PBT, both topically or orally, attenuates UV-induced photoaging via the cooperative interactions of phenolic components having anti-oxidative and collagen-protective activities.

• 구강회복응용과학지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2000

Orthodontic treatment in conjunction with second-molar extraction has been a controversial issue among orthodontists over many decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment effects of upper second molar extraction cases. The sample included 19 upper second molar extraction orthodontic cases(ten Angle's Class I's and nine Class II's, average age=13Y 6M) cared at Kyung-Hee University Department of Orthodontics. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken before and immediately after treatment. Seventy-nine points were digitized on each cephalogram and 38 cephalometric parameters were computed comprising 22 angular measurements, 13 linear measurements, and 3 facial proportions. The data obtained from each malocclusion group were analyzed by paired t-test. The statistical results disclosed that there was no significant change in skeletal pattern after treatment except for that accountable by growth while there was statistically significant change in dentoalveolar and soft tissue patterns. There were no significant changes in Bjork sum, posterior facial height /anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height /anterior facial height. No significant changes in anteroposterior position of maxilla and palatal plane were manifested. Although facial axis and lower facial height was slightly increased and the mandible was rotated backward and downward, there was no remarkable change in the mandibular plane. There were statistically significant changes in distal movement of upper first molar, molar key correction and overjet reduction while there was no change in the occlusal plane. The upper lip was slightly retracted simultaneously with slight increase in nasolabial angle. These results signify that distalization of upper dentition with the second molar extraction does change occlusal relationship without gross modifications in the craniofacial skeletal configurationson. Henceforth the second molar extracted would be recommended to treat severe anterior crowding and protrusion with minor skeletal discrepancy.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2006

이 연구는 해산어 양식장 환경을 재현한 해양 microcosm을 이용하여, 양식장에서 빈번히 사용하고 있는 옥소린산에 대한 미생물이 나타내는 항생제 내성획득에 관해 알아보고자 하였다. 옥소린산 처리 전과 후의 세균상을 비교한 결과, 비브리오 과 세균은 실험기간 전반에 걸쳐 65-75% 정도로 우점하였으며, 그람양성세균인 Micrococcos sp. 와 Bacillus sp. 는 옥소린산 처리 기간 중에 출현 빈도가 증가하였다. 해산어양식 환경에서 세균의 ETS 활성은옥소린산 처리 기간중 42-67%로 줄어들었지만, 옥소린산의 처리가 종료된 후에 세균은 다시 회복되었다. 해산어 양식장에서 옥소린산의 빈번한 사용은 옥소린산에 대한 세균의 내성을 증가시키는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.532-546
• /
• 2021

Objective: This study investigated the perception, diagnosis, and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the general population, in patients, and in Korean medicine doctors (KMDs) in order to provide basic information for the development of Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines for IBS. Methods: A questionnaire was developed in two versions, one for the general population/patients and one for KMDs. The questions were about the general perception, diagnosis, and treatment of IBS. Both online and offline surveys were conducted using these questionnaires. Results: In total, 213 general population/patients and 435 KMDs responded to the survey. The results of the analysis were as follows. Most of the KMDs diagnosed IBS based on clinical aspects. Acupuncture was the most common treatment, followed by prescription herbal medicine, moxibustion, and manufactured herbal medicine. 34.3% of KMDs used clinical practice guidelines for IBS patient treatment. 57.8% of patients were diagnosed with IBS by doctors at primary medical institutions, and 53.1% were diagnosed with colonoscopy. More than half of the IBS patients who have been treated with Korean medicine said they experienced improvement of symptoms and prevention of recurrence, but more than 70% of the respondents said future safety and effectiveness studies of Korean medicine were needed. Conclusions: In spite of the positive perception of IBS treatment with Korean medicine, actual utilization was relatively low. The development and promotion of, as well as education about, appropriate and reasonable Korean medicine practice guidelines for IBS is necessary.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Integrative treatment of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) on 7 hospitalized patients after hip fracture surgery, and to identify significant herbs and co-prescribed herbs by using network analysis and association rule mining. Methods A retrospective chart review of the 7 hospitalized patients treated for postoperative hip fractures between January and December 2021 was performed. All TKM treatments for the patients were identified and Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to compare hip pain and mobility on admission and discharge. We visualized the network of herbal medicines and complications. By using network analysis, we also identified the significant herbs (high centrality of degree, eigenvector, and sub-graph). Co-prescription patterns for the hip fracture patients were further analyzed by association rule mining. Results We found that TKM treatment significantly relieved hip pain and improved mobility. Accompanying symptoms reported by the patients were general weakness, anorexia, dizziness, delirium, edema, sputum, sore throat, cough, rhinorrhea, and chills. Herbs composed of Sagunja-tang and Samul-tang showed high centralities and high associations with other herbs. In addition, Gupan, Nokyong, Yukjongyong, Useul, and Hyunhosaek were identified as important herbs for postoperative hip fracture patients. Conclusions This study provides evidence for clinical TKM use as an effective postoperative treatment for pain relief and improvement of mobility in patients with hip fractures. In addition, herbs that can be considered in the treatment of patients after hip fracture surgery were identified through network analysis and association rule mining.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.26-39
• /
• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to collect reported but scattered data on herbal medicine treatment for depression in adolescents and young adults and to establish future research directions for this topic. Methods Using the scoping review method, 10 Korean and foreign databases were searched for studies published up to March 22, 2022. Studies targeting children and adolescents diagnosed with depression, studies using herbal medicine treatments, and clinical studies were included. Results Twelve randomized clinical trials, two chart reviews, and six case reports were identified. Frequently used Korean medical patterns, treatment methods, herbal medicines, decoctions, treatment periods, and post-treatment evaluation results were analyzed. Differences in the confirmed results from actual clinical settings were reviewed, and the direction of follow-up research on this topic was suggested. Conclusions This study outlined the results of various levels of clinical research on herbal medicine treatment for depression in adolescents and young adults, showed the clinical availability of herbal medicine, and provided a foundation for future research.

• 박물관보존과학
• /
• 제28권
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2022

국립한글박물관에서 소장하고 있는 언더우드 영문 타자기(한기6863)의 보존처리를 실시하였다. 근·현대 시대에 제작된 타자기는 부품의 유실, 부식, 도료의 탈락 등의 손상양상을 보였으며, 복합재질로 이루어져 재질에 따른 보존처리를 진행하기 위해 처리 전 상태조사 및 과학적 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 금속, 도료, 고무 등으로 타자기가 제작되었음을 확인하였고, 보존처리는 각 재질이 안정한 조건에서 '이물질 제거 → 강화처리 → 복원' 순으로 진행하였다. 손상이 심한 도료층을 강화처리하고 유실된 다리받침을 복원하여 안정한 상태로 보존처리를 완료하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 근대시기 초반에 제작된 타자기의 재료 및 특징을 파악할 수 있었으며 추후에 진행될 타자기 보존연구에 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.