• 제목/요약/키워드: transferred energy

검색결과 428건 처리시간 0.031초

Dynamic plastic response of a hinged-free beam subjected to impact at an arbitrary location along its span

  • Zhang, Y.;Yang, J.L.;Hua, Y.L.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.611-624
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, a complete solution is presented for dynamic plastic response of a rigid, perfectly plastic hinged-free beam, of which one end is simply supported or hinged and the other end free, subjected to a transverse strike by a travelling mass at an arbitrary location along its span. The governing differential equations are expressed in non-dimensional forms and solved numerically to obtain the instantaneous deflection of the beam and the plastic dissipated energy in the beam. The dynamic behavior for a hinged-free beam is more complicated than that of a free-free beam. It transpires that the mass ratio and impact position have significant influence on the final deformation. In the aspect of energy dissipation, unlike simply supported or clamped beams for which the plastic deformation consumes almost the total input energy, a considerable portion of the input energy would be transferred as rigid-body motion of hinged-free beam, and the energy dissipated in its plastic deformation is greatly reduced.

Mechanisms involved in modification of film structure and properties in ICP assisted dc and pulsed dc sputtering

  • Kusano, Eiji
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.59.2-59.2
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    • 2015
  • Modification of film structure and properties in inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) assisted dc and pulsed dc sputtering has been reported by Oya and Kusano [1] and by Sakamoto, Kusano, and Matsuda [2], showing drastic changes in films structure and properties by the ICP assistance in particular to the pulsed dc discharge. Although mechanisms involved in the modification has been reported to be the increase in energy transferred to the substrate, details of effects of low-energy ion bombardment on the modification and origin of an anomalous increase in the ion quantity by the ICP assistance to the pulsed dc discharge have not been discussed. In this presentation, mechanisms involved in film structure and property modification in ICP assisted dc and pulsed dc sputtering, in which a number of low-energy ions are formed, will be discussed based on ion energy distribution as well as effectiveness of energy transfer to the substrate by low energy particles [3]. The results discussed in this presentation will emphasize the fact that the energetic particles playing an important role in the film structure modification are those to be deposited, but not those of inert gas, when their energies range in less than 100 eV in the pressure range of magnetron sputtering.

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Energy Saving Potential and Indoor Air Quality Benefits of Multiple Zone Dedicated Outdoor Air System

  • Lee, Soo-Jin;Jeong, Jae-Weon
    • 국제초고층학회논문집
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.71-82
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the indoor air quality (IAQ) and energy benefits of a dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) and compare them with a conventional variable air volume (VAV) system. The DOAS is a decoupled system that supplies only outdoor air, while reducing its consumption using an enthalpy wheel. The VAV system supplies air that is mixed outdoor and transferred indoor. The VAV has the issue of unbalanced ventilation in each room in multiple zones because it supplies mixing air. The DOAS does not have this problem because it supplies only outdoor air. That is, the DOAS is a 100% outdoor air system and the VAV is an air conditioning system. The transient simulations of carbon dioxide concentration and energy consumption were performed using a MATLAB program based on the thermal loads from the model predicted by the TRNSYS 18 program. The results indicated that when the air volume is large, such as in summer, the distribution of air is not appropriate in the VAV system. The DOAS however, supplies the outdoor air stably. Moreover, in terms of annual primary energy consumption, the DOAS consumed approximately 40% less energy than the VAV system.

Real-time implementation of distributed beamforming for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in interference channels

  • Hong, Yong-Gi;Hwang, SeongJun;Seo, Jiho;Lee, Jonghyeok;Park, Jaehyun
    • ETRI Journal
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.389-399
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    • 2021
  • In this paper, we propose one-bit feedback-based distributed beamforming (DBF) techniques for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in interference channels where the information transfer and power transfer networks coexist in the same frequency spectrum band. In a power transfer network, multiple distributed energy transmission nodes transmit their energy signals to a single energy receiving node capable of harvesting wireless radio frequency energy. Here, by considering the Internet-of-Things sensor network, the energy harvesting/information decoding receivers (ERx/IRx) can report their status (which may include the received signal strength, interference, and channel state information) through one-bit feedback channels. To maximize the amount of energy transferred to the ERx and simultaneously minimize the interference to the IRx, we developed a DBF technique based on one-bit feedback from the ERx/IRx without sharing the information among distributed transmit nodes. Finally, the proposed DBF algorithm in the interference channel is verified through the simulations and also implemented in real time by using GNU radio and universal software radio peripheral.

Assessment of neutron-induced activation of irradiated samples in a research reactor

  • Ildiko Harsanyi;Andras Horvath;Zoltan Kis;Katalin Gmeling;Daria Jozwiak-Niedzwiedzka;Michal A. Glinicki;Laszlo Szentmiklosi
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제55권3호
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    • pp.1036-1044
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    • 2023
  • The combination of MCNP6 and the FISPACT codes was used to predict inventories of radioisotopes produced by neutron exposure of a sample in a research reactor. The detailed MCNP6 model of the Budapest Research Reactor and the specific irradiation geometry of the NAA channel was established, while realistic material cards were specified based on concentrations measured by PGAA and NAA, considering the precursor elements of all significant radioisotopes. The energy- and spatial distributions of the neutron field calculated by MCNP6 were transferred to FISPACT, and the resulting activities were validated against those measured using neutron-irradiated small and bulky targets. This approach is general enough to handle different target materials, shapes, and irradiation conditions. A general agreement within 10% has been achieved. Moreover, the method can also be made applicable to predict the activation properties of the near-vessel concrete of existing nuclear installations or assist in the optimal construction of new nuclear power plant units.

중.저준위 방사성폐기물 인증 프로그램 계획 (Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste Certification Program Plan)

  • 안섬진;김태국;이영희;강일식;손종식;홍권표
    • 방사성폐기물학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.187-195
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    • 2006
  • 최근에 개정된 중 저준위 방사성폐기물 인도규정에서는 폐기물시설운영자는 처분 전 방사성폐기물이 인도규정에 적합함을 보장하기 위한 계획을 수립하여 운영할 것을 요구하고 있다. 앞으로 건설될 방사성폐기물 처분시설에서 방사성폐기물 인수 시에 충족되어야할 방사성폐기물인수기준이 수립될 것이며, 이 인수기준에는 물리화학적 및 방사선학적 특성규명, 물리화학적인 제한사항, 금지품목, 포장, 인식표, 라벨, 문서요건 등을 규정할 것으로 예상된다. 이들 규정을 준수하기 위하여 방사성폐기물 발생자는 방사성폐기물이 폐기물 인수기준에 만족하는지를 확인하는 폐기물 인증프로그램을 수행하여 방사성폐기물이 그 기준에 만족하는지 확인하여야 하며, 방사성폐기물에 대한 모든 인증서류를 폐기물 처분시설에 제출할 책임이 있다. 본 방사성폐기물 인증프로그램계획은 한국원자력연구소에서 발생되는 방사성폐기물의 인증프로그램에 대한 예비프로그램으로서 개발된 것이며 앞으로 처분장의 인수요건이 구체적으로 확립될 때까지 수정 보완되어야 한다.

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정동적 콘관입실험 장비의 개발과 검증 (Development and Verification of Static-Dynamic Cone Penetrometer)

  • 배명호;유정동;김주한;사공명;이종섭
    • 한국지반공학회논문집
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.77-86
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    • 2011
  • 건설 프로젝트의 대형화와 시공장소의 다양화에 따라 지반 조사 내용이 다양해지고 있다. 더욱이 날로 엄격해지는 시공조건으로 인해 보다 높은 수준의 지반정보가 요구되고 있다. 그러나 우리나라에서는 최근까지도 비교적 결과의 신뢰도가 낮은 표준관입실험 등의 원위치 실험법에 의존하고 있는 현실이다. 본 논문에서는 복합적인 지반의 거동 특성 평가를 위하여 연약지반은 물론 암반에서도 에너지 변화를 측정할 수 있는 새로운 콘관입 실험기를 개발하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 롯드의 체결 방식에 따른 에너지 감쇠를 평가하기 위해 롯드를 인위적으로 불완전하게 체결하거나, 전체 길이는 일정하게 유지시키면서 체결된 롯드의 수를 변화시키며 실험을 수행하였다. 또한, 체결 조건이 다른 롯드에서 탄성파의 전달율과 반사율을 적용하여 에너지 손실을 평가 하였다. 그리고 정동적 콘관입 실험 장비를 제작하여 두부와 선단부에 변형률계와 가속도계를 부착함으로써 에너지 손실을 실내 실험을 통하여 평가하고자 하였다. 실험 결과 롯드의 체결 상태가 완벽하지 않으면 에너지 전달률이 급격히 감소하는 것을 실험과 시뮬레이션을 통하여 알 수 있었다. 또한 실내 실험결과 새로 개발된 정동적 콘 관입 실험기의 두부와 선단부의 전달에너지가 다름을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 두부는 물론 선단부에서의 에너지 평가가 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

무선센서네트워크에서 LEACH 라우팅 프로토콜을 적용한 파티클 센서의 에너지 효율적인 알고리즘 (The Algorithm for an Energy-efficient Particle Sensor Applied LEACH Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks)

  • 홍성화;김훈기
    • 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.13-21
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    • 2009
  • 무선 센서 네트워크 환경에서 네트워크를 구성하는 센서 노드들은 라우팅 및 센싱 역할을 함께 수행해야 하기 때문에 각 센서 노드들은 항상 에너지 부담을 가지고 있다. 이러한 무선 센서 네트워크에 사용되는 센서는 무인으로 동작 되거나 사람이 접근하기 힘든 환경에서 동작하는 경우가 대부분이다. 또한 다량의 센서를 배치하여 무선 센서 네트워크를 형성 하는 경우가 많아 센서 노드의 크기가 작아야 하고, 가격이 저렴해야 하므로 노드에 공급할 수 있는 전원의 양과 데이터 처리 능력에 제한이 있게 된다. 본 논문에서는 무선 센서 네트워크 환경에서 센서 노드의 전력 소모를 줄이고, 망을 효율적으로 관리할 수 있는 알고리즘과 효율적인 라우팅 프로트콜을 제안하고, 제안한 알고리즘을 LEACH 프로토콜에 적용시켜 에너지 효율성을 검증하였다. Particle Sensor에서 이전 주기에 측정된 값과 현재 주기에 측정된 값을 비교하여 현재 측정된 값이 작거나 같으면 먼지가 감소하고 있다고 가정하고 다음 주기에 sleep모드를 설정해 주어 센서 노드의 에너지 소비를 줄여주는 알고리즘이다. 제안한 알고리즘의 시뮬레이션 결과를 보면 센서 노드의 에너지 소모를 향상시켜 주었고, LEACH 라우팅 프로토콜에 적용시킨 결과 네트워크의 수명을 향상 시켰다.

Some Problems of the Transfer of Technology from the Developed Countries to the LDCs

  • Hahm, Hyo-Joon
    • 대한산업공학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.67-75
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    • 1978
  • This paper attempts to identify the factors which are directly related to the effective transfer of technology from developed countries to LDCs. The recipient countries should have the capability of alteration/adaptation based on cost-minimization criteria. Some problems are such that technologies are transferred on the conditions of MNFs, packaged forms and under state management which result in lack of competitive pressure. Non-technological criteria are shown to be a problem under state management in the transaction of technology.

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음파가진에 의한 동축 $CO_2$/공기 제트의 농도변동 특성 연구 (Concentration Fluctuation of a Coaxial $CO_2$/Air Jet Excited Acoustically)

  • 한용식;김명배;김태권
    • 연구논문집
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    • 통권23호
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    • pp.57-62
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    • 1993
  • An experimental investigation was carried out to study the characteristics of concentration of a coaxial jet being tone excited and consisting of $CO_2$, and air. The concentration in a binary gas mixture was measured by using the hot-wire anemometer and flow visualization was performed by the schlieren technique. In the case of excited flow, it is found that acoustic energy is partially transferred to RMS concentration to enhance mixing.

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