• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2013

The objective of this work was to analyze the concentrations of progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) hormones changed during estrus synchronization in dairy heifers. Estrus synchronization was carried out with CIDR$^{(R)}$ (Controlled Intravaginal Drug Release) devices. Corpus luteum (CL) was classified into three grades based on its size and palpable characteristics. The concentrations of P4 and E2 were measured by enzyme-amplified chemiluminescence. Serum P4 concentration was markedly low at the estrus stage (36 hrs after removal of CIDR) compared to other stages, while E2 concentration was kept high during estrus stage. The serum P4 concentration was highest in the CL classified into grade I. These results indicate that P4 concentration could be used as a criteria for determining recipients for artificial insemination or embryo transfer in dairy cattle.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.477-481
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• 2014

Flexible electronics have been to the fore because it is believed that flexibility can add incredible value such as light weight and mobility into the existing electronic devices and create new markets of large-area and low-cost electronics such as wearable eletronics in near future. Offset printing processes are regarded as major candidates for manufacturing the flexible electronics because they can provide the patterning resolution of micron-size effectively in large-area. In view of mechanics, the most important viewpoint in offset printing is how to achieve the synchronized movement of two contact surfaces in order to prevent slip between two contact surfaces and distortion of the blanket surface during ink transfer so that the high-resolution and good-overlay patterns can be printed. In this paper, a novel low-cost measurement method of the synchronization error using the motor control output signals is proposed and the compensation method is presented to minimize the synchronization error.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1983

Animal in dustry in Korea urgently needs the domestic introduction and the industrial a, pp.ication of embryo transfer technique. Namely, this technique can be utilized effectively, as means of the improvement of livestocks, as means of the increase of meat production, as means of substitute for the livestock import, and dissemination of new breed. However, as this technique avaliable in our country is remaining initial stage, we can not make use of the technique industrially unless we make much improvement as follows; induction of superovulation, non-surgical recovery of embryos, synchronization between the estrus such cycles of donor and recipient, non-surgical transfer of embryos, etc. Simultaneously, the basic studies such as harvesting oocytes from ovary, in vitro culture of oocytes, in vitro capacitation of spermatozoa, cloning by culture of blastomeres and transfer of nuclei, sexing embryo, etc. should not be neglected in order to make the technique of embryo transfer more simple and convenient. For the success of these studies, universities, national and public institutes, large scale cattle farms, and small scale cattle farms should cooperate each other. For instance, universities undertake basic researches, and the national and public institutes a, pp.y the results of the researches to animal industry along with cooperation by large scale cattle farms. By the help of the cooperative organizations, the technique relevant to our environment and farm condition may be able to be finalized, and to be a, pp.ied to samll scale cattle farm. Consequently, being served to stimulate animal productivity, this technique can be contributed to the development of livestock industry in Korea.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2005

다양한 발정유기 방법의 반복처리에 따른 분만율은 평균 $90.7\%(236/260)$로 나타났고 생시체중에 있어서 자연 발정구와 발정 유기구에서 차이를 거의 보이지 않았으며 송아지 육성율은 농가의 사육경험이 많을수록 우수한 경향이었고 발정 동기화의 반복처리가 차기번식에 미치는 영향은 확인할 수 없었다. 1. 발정 유기구와 자연 발정구에서 출생한 송아지의 생시체중은 암송아지에서 각각 23.9kg, 24.0kg이었고, 수송아지에서 26.2kg, 24.9kg로써 처리간 차이가 없었다. 2. 산차에 따른 생시체중은 초산에서 23.4kg, 2산에서 25.3kg, 3산에서 26.2kg으로 유의적으로 증가하는 경향이었으나, 5산 이후에서는 비슷하였다. 3. 분만후 발정재귀일수는 대조구에서 80.7일, $PGF_{2}{\alpha}$구에서 92.3일, PRID구에서 78.5일, CIDR구에서 64.5일, $GnRH-PGF\_2{\alpha}-GnRH$ 처리구에서 65.6일로 나타났다. 4. 분만후 수태일수는 대조구에서 137.1일, $PGF_{2}{\alpha}$구에서 147.6일, PRID구에서 141.3일, CIDR구에서 116.6일, $GnRH-PGF\_{2}{\alpha}-GnRH$처리구에서 118일로 나타났다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.497-500
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• 2010

무선 센서 네트워크는 여러 노드들이 서로 간에 정보를 교환하고 유기적으로 협력하여 데이터 수집 및 처리를 수행하기 위한 시스템이다. 이러한 작업의 수행을 위해서는 명령 수행의 동기화 및 이벤트 발생순서 구분 등의 작업이 필요하고 이를 위해서는 모든 노드가 같은 시각 정보를 필요로 한다. 모든 노드가 같은 시각 정보를 가지기 위해서는 외부의 절대 시각을 참조하는 방법이 가장 정확하지만 무선 센서 네트워크에서 이를 적용하는 것이 어렵기 때문에 시각 동기화에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되었다. 센서 네트워크에서 시각 동기화를 수행하게 되면 오차가 발생하게 되는데 이 오차를 최소화 하는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 여러 차례의 타임스탬프 정보 교환을 이용하여 최초의 네트워크 구성 시의 시각 동기화에서 발생하는 오차를 줄이는 방법을 제안한다. 노드 간의 통신에서 트래픽 과부하 등의 이유로 송신과 수신의 시간 지연 간에 큰 차이가 발생 할 경우 오차가 큰 시간 보정 값과 전송 지연 시간을 얻게 되는데 한차례의 타임스탬프 정보 교환 시에는 이를 찾아 낼 수 없다. 이에 여러 차례의 타임스탬프 정보 교환을 통하여 구한 전송 지연과 시간 보정 값 중 중앙값을 이용하여 시간 보정을 함으로서 서로 다른 송신과 수신시의 통신 지연으로 인한 오차를 배재하여 시각 동기화 시 발생할 수 있는 오차를 줄인다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2012

This study was designed to adopt two estrus synchronization protocols in zebu and crossbred heifers and their effects on pregnancy rate after timed artificial insemination (TAI). A number of 120 cyclic heifers were allotted for two different treatment groups and one control group. Heifers under protocol A were injected with GnRH at first day followed by a single dose of $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ at Day 11 and injection of GnRH at the day of AI; and heifers belonged to protocol B were treated with GnRH, two $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ injections at 11 days apart and injection of GnRH at AI. AI was done at fixed time (within 72~96 hours after $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ injection) in both protocols and pregnancy was confirmed by rectal palpation on 80~120 days of post AI. In control group; local heifers were conceived higher (30%) proportion than that of crossbred heifers (25%; p<0.05). In protocol A, the local breed were conceived higher (38.9%) proportion compared with crossbred (25%; p<0.05). In protocol B, local breed heifers were conceived higher (38.9%) proportion compared with crossbred heifers (33.3%; p<0.05). The overall pregnancy rate in protocol A and protocol B was 33.3% and 36.6%, respectively. The proportion of pregnancy rate of local heifers (38.9%; Protocol A) was significant (p<0.05) in comparison with local heifers (30%) in control group (p<0.05). The overall pregnancy rate between pooled control group (28.3%) and treatment group (35%) was significantly (p<0.05) differ from each other's. Results of present study concluded that estrus synchronization followed by fixed time AI could be applied for higher pregnancy rate in zebu and crossbred heifers.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표논문집 Vol.29 No.1 (B)
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• pp.91-93
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• 2002

정보통신 분야의 이통통신기술은 많은 부분에서 발전을 거듭하고 있다. 이동통신기술의 발전으로 인하여 무선인터넷과 유선인터넷 통합에 대한 관심과 연구가 활발히 진행되어 지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유무선 인터넷의 통합화로 인한 데이터 동기화 과정을 소개하고, 동기화된 데이터의 관리와 전송을 위한 유.무선 데이터 관리 시스템들을 소개한다. 이에 년 논문에서는 이동 통신간 데이터의 동기화 과정과 동기화된 데이터를 안전하게 처리하여 전송할 수 있는 유.무선 데이터 동기화 전송 시스템을 설계한다.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 1984년도 추계학술발표회논문집
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• pp.43-47
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• 1984

This paper describes the mean time delay and its variance before transition from search to lock mode by means of signal flow graph and its transfer function. A relation between hit probability and search stage number is presented with the comparison of the open loop and closed loop. From these results optimum transition probability which we must hold can be obtained.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2007년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.53-54
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• 2007

As Cable Network is developing for 2-way high speed data service, it should be developed to transfer high speed data using limited bandwidth. If QAM is using for this, synchronization algorithms become important system parameters. In this paper, we present two methods of coarse timing recovery using CAZAC sequence for cable modem uplink.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 1996

The present study investigated the effect of treatment with nocodazole on the efficiency of cell cycle synchronization and development of mouse 4-cefl embryos. In addition, developmental ability of reconstituted embryos that received nuclei from 4-cell embryos synchronized with nocodazole at M phase was examined in vitro and in vivo. (1) When 4-cell blastorneres exposed to culture medium containing l$\mu$g /ml nocodazole for 2, 4, 6 and 8 hrs, 40% (40/10l), 75% (l19/159), 85% (87/102) and 97% (155/160) of nuclei were synchronized at M phase, respectively. (2) Treated with nocodazole for 4 hrs, the proportion of 4-cell embryos developed to blastocysts (98%, 60/61) was not significanUy different from that of the control embryos (98%, 196/201). However, the developmental ability of 4-cell embryos treated for 8 (87%, P<0.05)and 12 hrs (76%, P