• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.283-287
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• 2014

Sexed semen is commonly used for the production of calves of the desired gender. Gender selection is important in animal production industries. For example, female cattle are required for the dairy industry while males are preferred in the beef cattle industry. The present study was to assess the in vivo embryo production efficiency using the semen separated according to sex during superovulation in Hanwoo. Seventy Hanwoo donor cows were flushed on day 7 of estrus cycle with same FSH and artificial insemination by the same technicians. Embryos were recovered on 7 days after the third insemination by flushing the uterus with embryo collection medium. KPN semen straws used artificial insemination contained 20 million sperm (total number 60 million per donor). Sex-sorted semen straws contained 4 million sperm (total number 12 million per donor). The results obtained were as follows: No differences were observed in the efficiency of superovulation rates on KPN semen 87%, and sexed semen 100%, respectively. The mean numbers of total embryos are each $12.58{\pm}8.31$ and $13.25{\pm}7.86$. The mean numbers of transferable embryos, sexed semen were significantly lower than KPN semen ($3.75{\pm}1.98$ vs. $8.23{\pm}6.07$, P<0.05). The rates of unfertilized embryos from superovulation using sexed semen were significantly higher than KPN semen (50% vs. 15%, P<0.05). The rate of degenerated 2-cell embryos from sexed and KPN semen was 60.87% and 11.11%, respectively (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate that superovulation using sexed semen was useful, but efficient embryo production was important to reducing the damage caused by the Flowcytometer-based sperm sorting procedure.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.73-76
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• 2007

For the space communication between a satellite and a ground station, spacecraft performs data packeting and data coding. Using standard format certainly has an advantage but depending on the hardware implementation sometimes compliance with the standard is hard to accomplish. This paper studies the suitable way to transfer image data and ancillary data to the ground station in the format of CCSDS recommendation.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1827-1833
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• 2008

Urban transit construction has increased since 1970, and the utilization of urban transit system also has sharply increased. However, the prediction for station scale was underestimated in design, eventually, passenger crowdedness of station, platforms and transfer pathways has got worse. Especially, safety for passenger is concerned for rush hour because of passenger crowdedness peak. Therefore, several stations, which service level is D, were investigated for passenger crowdedness. In this study, measures which are to mitigate passenger crowdedness for stations are indicated.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.793-799
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• 2023

본 연구는 도시철도역의 입지특성, 역사의 구조, 형태, 이용객 수 등을 반영한 도시철도역사의 유형을 분류하고 역사 유형별 이용자들의 환승이동 동선의 불편정도, 환승정보 수 및 연계성, 환승 이동편의시설의 설치 수, 이용자 간의 상충성, 환승안내정보 표지등에 대해 분석하였다. 자료 분석결과 도시철도이용자들이 환승할 때 가장 불편을 주는 요소들은 환승동선의 길이와 굴곡도, 환승 통로의 보행밀도와 상충자 수, 이동편의시설 설치 유무, 환승안내 문자의 크기나 높이 등으로 나타났다. 이들 환승 불편요소들을 객관화, 지수화하고 도시철도역의 환승 편의성을 측정할 수 있는 평가 지표로 제시하였다. 또한, 각 평가지표별 서비스 수준을 측정할 수 있는 평가척도를 개발하였다. 각 지표별 평가척도는 현장조사를 통해 도출된 자료들의 최대 및 최소값을 기준으로 직선 보간법을 적용하여 6단계를 제시하였다. 다만, 편의성 평가지표별 중요도와 가중치을 하나로 묶은 환승편의성 종합평가는 추후 연구을 통해 정립되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1877-1882
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• 2007

The Yongsan International Business District development work is a 20 billion$ project to raise facilities for national business, trade, residence, and culture. The project site is $566,800m^2$ and it covers the railroad maintenance center and Dongbuichon-dong. Developing railroad station region used to be done by private investment. However, problems existed; simple function as a massive selling market, traffic jam caused by massive market users, inadequacy to transfer to other transportations, interruption of the pedestrian way and separation of zone of life by the station. To solve this problem it is important to consider developing cases of other countries and devise a plan that is applicable to our circumstances. In the study, we compared our station development case with foreign station development cases and analyze the element for the plan what we should consider in our station development. In addition, The results of the study can be used as a preliminary data in the future planning the Yongsan International Business District development.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2016

Purpose: Recently, Universal design has been applied to a variety of concepts of social integration in the national legislation and institutions, however, the applying to urban railway station is not satisfied. Most of cases, the handicapped can not work continuously, universal design must be provided. Methods: This study derives the detailed criteria through comparing and analyzing an national and international universal design-related system in transit zone. And the status is investigated in transit zone of domestic urban railway station. Improved national standard requirements are derived considering the type of the handicapped and universal design principles. Result: The domestic status shows that the most lacking entry criteria is not specified in national standards or the design is a lowest-level required by criteria through comparing detailed criteria drawn into domestic analysis. Therefore, in order to provide a pedestrian environment to meet the universal design principles and requirements for the handicapped, there is a need to re-establish with a specific national standards. Implications: This study will draw on universal design standards for seamless transfer in transit zone of urban railway station. The next studies are needed to target the overall paths ranging from outside to landing in urban railway station.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2010

환경오염을 유발하지 않고 사고가 적다는 점에서 보행에 관한 연구가 증가하고 있으며 현재 대중교통의 중요성이 환경적인 측면에서 부각되며 대중교통 수단간의 환승이 중요시되고 있다. 환승을 위해 보행하는 환승시설물을 중심으로 본 연구에서는 사당역의 환승통로와 신도림역의 내부계단을 현장조사를 통하여 각각의 용량을 조사하여 연구에 이용하였다. 기존의 서비스수준 산정방식으로는 첨두시간대의 보행자 통행패턴을 나타낼 수 없다는 문제점을 인식하고 본 연구에서는 대기행렬이론과 시설물의 가용률이라는 개념을 이용하여 실제 시설물에서 나타나는 서비스수준을 그대로 반영할 수 있는 방법론에 대해 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과 현재 서비스수준 산정방식을 이용하여 시설물을 평가 또는 설계했을 경우 실제 상황보다 과대평가되는 위험함이 있었고, 본 연구의 방법론과 실제 현장상황을 비교분석한 결과 유사한 형태를 띄는 것으로 나타나 본 연구의 방법론이 실제상황에 근접한 서비스수준을 산출한다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2018

Up-to-date artificial insemination (AI) using frozen sperm consider as the most widely using technology for improvement of Korean Native Cow (Hanwoo) embryo production. However, it is time consuming, required at least 15~20 years to make more than 6 generations, and their offspring number is limited. To overcome such limitations, superovulation and in vitro fertilization have been developed. For superovulation, the number of produced embryos are not enough for commercialization and donor cows need rest period. This led to use of slaughterhouse ovary for in vitro fertilization, but it is impossible to repeat the collection from the same individual and it only can improve the genetic merits of offspring for one generation. Production of embryos using Ovum Pick-Up (OPU) technique, where oocytes can be repeatedly collected from living elite donor, might overcome these limitations. In this study, we investigated the possibility of using OPU technique from donors at different age and different session periods for mass-embryo-production. Oocytes were collected from 26 donor cows twice per week, 3 - 4 months per year, between 2013 and 2016. Results showed that, the average number of embryo produced in first year used donor was significantly higher than that in second year used donor ($3.89{\pm}2.85$ vs $3.29{\pm}2.70$), however, there was no significant difference between third year used donor ($3.51{\pm}3.32$) and other groups. Taken together, our data showed that repeated using of donor up to three years is possible for in vitro embryo mass-production. Moreover, OPU can be used as suitable embryo producing technique for livestock breed improvement.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.316-321
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• 2013

본 연구는 온실의 관류전열량을 분석하고 예측하는데 필요한 기초자료 제공을 위하여, 공기막 이중 PO필름의 열저항식을 모델링하였고, 전도, 복사, 대류에 의한 열저항 특성을 규명하였다. 또한 열저항식의 타당성 검증을 위해 열저항식에 의한 관류전열량의 계산값과 실험값을 비교 분석하였다. 공기막 이중 PO필름의 열저항식은 PO필름, 공기막, PO필름의 직렬 열저항식으로 구성되며, 공기막은 복사와 대류에 의한 병렬 열저항식으로 구성된다. 고온부 $T_1$의 평균온도는 276.1K, 저온부 $T_2$의 평균온도는 266.8K로 나타났으며, 다른 조건들이 동일할 경우 챔버 내부온도가 높을수록 $T_1$과 $T_2$의 평균온도와 온도차가 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 전도열저항은 $0.00091K{\cdot}W^{-1}$로 전체 열저항의 1% 미만으로 매우 미미한 수준이고, 공기막의 열저항이 $0.18K{\cdot}W^{-1}$로 전체 열저항의 99% 이상을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 공기막의 경우 대류열 저항이 복사열저항에 비해 1.33~2.08배 정도 크게 나타났으며, 복사열저항은 평균온도의 3제곱에 반비례하고 대류열저항은 온도차가 4.7, 5.3, 5.5, 5.7, 12.3, 13.2, 13.3, 13.5, 13.8 및 14.0K로 증가할 때 각각 0.78, 0.75, 0.74, 0.73, 0.57, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.55 및 $0.55K{\cdot}W^{-1}$로 감소하였다. 관류전열량의 계산값과 실험값의 차이는 실험조건별로 0.6~17.2W의 범위로 평균 6.9W였으며, 실험값은 계산값의 79.8~97.7% 범위로 평균 87.3% 수준으로 나타났다. 전체적인 계산값과 실험값의 관류전열량 경향성은 잘 일치하고 있으며, 공기막 이중필름의 열저항은 공기막 두께 및 주입공기의 종류와는 직접적인 상관관계를 보이지 않았다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.761-772
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• 2009

The introduction of KTX (Korea Train eXpress) provided passengers with a much faster mode of transport, and KTX has become a model railway system. Express railway stations are emphasized as public transit transfer centers, but their service evaluations were not performed appropriately so far. It is possible to know the level of service by developing valuation criteria for their evaluations. The evaluation of transfer centers mainly consists of two parts; connective service with other travel m odes, and transfer service inside transfer stations. Connection is defined as the inter-connection of multi-transportation vehicles, and transfer means that a passenger changes his travel mode to another. Such connective service and transfer service are evaluated by the level of service in terms of transfer facilities, the appropriateness of station layout and the quality of information throughout the facilities. We developed the service evaluation indicators of connective facilities and referred to the indicators of transfer facilities. We examined the 7 stations in Korea that are currently in operation and standardized the methodology of the evaluation process by applying the indicators suggested in this study.