• 한국연초학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1987

The pyrolysis of geometrical isomers of 9-octadecenoic acid were conducted at $600^{\circ}C$ under nitrogen, and its pyrolytic behaviors were investigated. The pyrolytic products of both fatty acids, cis-9-octadecenoic acid(oleic acid) and trans-9-octadecenoic acid(elaidic acid), were analyzed using a gas chromatograph and GC/MS spectrometer. Twenty-seven different compounds were identified from these pyrolyzates, and the chief products of them were ketones, alcohols and aromatic hydrocarbons. And also, the pyrolytic mechanisms of two geometrical isomers of this fatty acid were discussed by a comparison of experimental results.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2011

서울 시내 제과점에서 판매되고 있는 제품들을 35개 업소에서 패스츄리, 쿠키 그리고 생크림 케익을 각 업소 당 1건 씩 총 105건을 수거하여 그 지방산 조성과 트랜스지방산의 함량을 조사하기 위하여 GC-FID를 이용하여 분석하였다. 제과점 제품들의 조지방 함량은 패스츄리가 평균 20.48%(9.54 - 44.30), 쿠키는 평균 29.68%(14.67 - 41.22) 그리고 생크림 케익이 평균 17.83%(7.63 - 28.15)였으며, 조지방 함량은 쿠키가 이들 세 품목 중 가장 높았다. 포화지방산의 평균값의 경우 쿠키에 함유된 평균량이 56.4%, 패스츄리에서 56.4%가 측정되었는데 생크림 케익의 경우는 앞의 두 가지 품목에 비해 높은 69.0%로 나타나 전체 지방에서 포화지방산의 비중이 매우 높았다. 그러나, 이들의 포화지방산의 분포는 각 업소 별로 패스츄리 12.8% - 75.1%, 쿠키 8.7% - 81.6% 그리고 생크림 케익의 경우 50.2% - 85.9%로 업소 별로 매우 차이가 큰 것을 볼 수 있었다. 트랜스지방산의 함량은 생크림 케익이 가장 높게 나타나 평균 0.96%(0.00 - 2.13)였으며, 패스츄리가 0.37%(0.00 - 3.37) 그리고 쿠키는 0.66%(1.00 - 4.55)였다. 대부분의 패스츄리 (35개 중 19개), 쿠키 (35개 중 26개) 그리고 생크림 케익 (35개 중 17개)에는 트랜스지방산이 함유되어 있지 않았으며, 트랜스지방산의 함량 범위는 패스츄리에서 0.00 - 3.37%, 쿠커가 0.00 - 4.55% 그리고 생크림 케익이 0.00 - 2.13%로 나타났다. 평균 트랜스지방산의 함량은 생크림 케익에서 0.96%로 가장 높게 나타났는데, 이는 전체 조지방의 양에 대한 함량으로 전체 제품 중에 함유된 양으로 환산했을 때 1% 이상의 트랜스지방을 함유한 제품은 쿠키에서 2 종류가 분석되었다. 케익과 패스츄리의 평균 포화지방산 함량은 각각 12.19g/100g과 11.78g/100g으로 평균 12.0g/100g이 함유되어 있었으며, 케익과 패스츄리의 평균 트랜스지방 함량은 각각 0.19g/100g 과 0.09g/ 100g으로 두 품목의 평균은 0.14g/100g 이었는데 이를 국민영양조사 결과를 바탕으로 하루 섭취량으로 환산하면 포회지방산과 트랜스지방산이 각각 l.2g/일/인과 0.014 g/일/인이었으며, 이는 한국인 영양섭취 기준의 트랜스 지방 일일 섭취 권고량의 7.7 - 12.0%와 0.64%에 해당하는 양이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.648-652
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• 2012

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary addition of tea saponins (TS) and soybean oil (SO) on fatty acid profile and gene expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of growing lambs. Thirty-two Huzhou lambs were assigned to four dietary treatments in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement with main effects of TS (0 or 3 g/d) and SO (0 or 30 g/kg of diet DM). The diet without additives was considered as NTNS (no TS or SO). After a feeding trial for 60 d, four lambs of each treatment were slaughtered to collect the samples of LD muscle. Percentage of trans-11 vaccenic acid was enhanced (p<0.05) in muscle of lambs fed TS and SO. The proportion of total conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was increased (p<0.05) by SO, but decreased (p<0.05) by TS in LD muscle. The percentage of total saturated fatty acids in muscle was decreased (p<0.05) by addition of TS and SO, while addition of SO increased (p<0.05) the percentage of total polyunsaturated fatty acids. The ratio of cis-9, trans-11 CLA to tran-11 vaccenic acid was decreased (p<0.05) by TS, but increased (p<0.05) by SO. The same effects were observed in SCD mRNA expression. From these results it is indicated that including TS and SO in the diet of growing lambs affect the fatty acid profiles of LD muscle and that the proportion of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in the muscle influenced by TS and SO may be related to the SCD gene expression.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2007

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1998

Vibrio cholerae non-O1 49균주와 V. Vibrio cholerae non-O1, V. mimicus, V. vulnificus와 V. parahaemolyticus의 균체 지방산(fatty acid methyl ester; FAME)을 gas liquid chromatogrphy로 분석하였다. 이들 분석자료를 통계학적으로 처리하여 Vibrio 종과 V. cholerae의 혈청형별 유연성을 비교 검토하였다. 검출된 지방산은 모두 41종이었고 분포량이 많은 것은 16:0, 16:1 cis 9, 18:1 trans 9/16/cis 11과 15:0 iso 2 OH/16:1 cis 9였다. 검출된 지방산 중에서 35종은 V. cholerae를 동정하는데 주요한 인자로 작용되었다 지방산분포를 UPGMA(비가중수리분석)으로 dendrogram을 작성한 결과 V. cholerae non-O!은 V. cholerae O1보다 V. choleare non-O1 중에서 O2, O5, O8, O10, O14, O27, O37, O39, O45와 O69의 총 10종류 혈청을 대상으로 지방산 조성에 의한 유사성을 검토한 결과 유사도가 92% 이상 수준에서 7개의 아종을 형성하여 혈청형과 지방산 조성간에는 유의할 만한 상관관계가 있었다. 따라서 V. cholerae non-O1의 동정 및 역학적인 조사시 지방산 분석은 유용하게 활용될수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 1995

To investigate of the content of fatty acids and cholesterol level in Raja Skates, the skate was purchesed from Yangdong Fisheries market in Kwangju, Korea. The experimental skate contained moisture 77.1%, crude protein 20.5%, crude lipid 0.68% and ash 1.72% as the general components. The fatty acids composition of skate are 28 kinds, such as 10 kinds of saturated fatty acid and 18 kinds of unsaturated fatty acid. There are 5 kinds of odd numbered fatty acid, such as C15:0, C17:0, C19:0, C25:0. Lignoceric acid shows 11% content. As an unsaturated fatty acid, getoleic acid, C22:1: selecholeic acid, C24:1:9, 12-hexadecadienic acid, C16:2: trans-linolelaidic acid, C18:2:13, 16-docosadienoic acid, C22:2: are analyzed as the particular one. The p/s ratio of skates is 1.02 and n-3/n-6 ratio of Skates is 0.82, respectively. The content of cholesterol level of Skates muscle is less than 20mg%, and liver contains 300-500 mg% and Nechang-tang contains 100mg% each.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.800-809
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different ratios of corn silage (CS): alfalfa hay (AH), and extruded soybeans (ESB) on milk yield, milk composition, blood metabolites, and fatty acids in milk fat and plasma. Ninety multiparous Holstein cows were arranged in a randomized block design experiment which lasted 14 weeks. Treatments were arranged as a $3{\times}3$ factorial with 0%, 5% or 10% ESB (dry matter basis) and three forage treatments: I) 30% CS, 10% AH and 10% Leymus chinense hay (LC); ii) 20% corn silage, 20% alfalfa hay and 10% LC; iii) 10% CS, 30% AH and 10% LC. Cows were allowed to consume a total mixed ration ad libitum. There was no change of dry matter intake when cows were fed the experimental diets. As more AH was added to the diets, milk yield, milk protein content and yield, and trans9, cis11-conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) concentrations in milk fat and plasma increased. When ESB were supplemented to the diets, milk yield, and trans9, cis11-CLA concentration in milk fat and plasma increased. When 10% ESB was added to the diet containing 30% AH the trans9, cis11-CLA content (1.46 g/100 g of total fatty acids) in milk was the highest among all treatments. These results suggests that AH could replace part of a CS diet and be a good forage source of diet for dairy cows to improve milk yield and milk composition. Meanwhile, ESB could be included in the diet with high AH to improve production performance of dairy cows.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

We compared three nations' diets on Year 2000 Korean, American and Mediterranean in the aspect of contribution of each to the development of cardiovascular diseases. We searched all the available evidences published. Korea has a very low incidence of cardiovascular diseses compared to the other countries even though they are increasing recently. In addition to many risk factors to these defenerative diseases such as diabetes millitus, hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, sedentary lifestyle, etc., dietary factors are also contributing a lot to their development. High calorie, trans fatty acids, cholesterol, saturated fatty acids, alcohol, salt intakes are examples. Korean diet has superiority of low calorie, low fat, good fat proportion, high omega-3 fatty acids, vegetables, beans, and garlic and onions These are believed to contribute to low incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Korea. Korean diets was also found to have some issues for improvement such as high salt, low calcium, and higher use of barbequed meats. We concluded Korean people stay better off with Korean diet with some modifications.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.166-170
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• 2006

대두유의 탈취과정에서 탈취온도, 진공도, cycle time 및 stripping steam 주입량의 4대 요소를 조정하여 탈취를 행한 후 탈취유의 산가, 과산화물가 및 trans 지방산 함량을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 즉, 탈취온도가 높을수록 AV, POV는 하락하였으나 trans 지방산 함량이 비례적으로 증가하였다. 진공도는 4torr 수준이 적정하였으며, CT는 길어질수록 효과가 우수하였다. SS주입량은 2.0%(w/w) 수준이 가장 적절한 조건이었다. 이러한 결과를 종합적으로 볼 때, 대두유에서 trans 지방산 함량을 상대적으로 낮게 할 수 있는 탈취조건은 최고 탈취온도 $235^{\circ}C$, 진공도 4torr, CT $14{\sim}15$분 및 SS주입량 2.0%(w/w)내외의 조건에서 trans 지방산 함량 0.31% 내외의 우수한 탈취유의 생산이 가능하였다. 결과적으로 탈취과정에서 trans 지방산 생성량을 극소화하기 위하여는 탈취온도가 가장 중요하였는데, AV, POV 등 다른 품질 요인들을 동시에 고려할 때, 더 이상의 탈취온도 하락은 어려운 것으로 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2013

The fat content, fatty acid composition, trans fatty acid content and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of 22 chocolates (domestics 8, foreigns 14) collected from the Korea distribution markets were investigated. The crude fat was extracted by acid hydrolysis method and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and reversed-phase HPLC for fatty acid and TAG compositions, respectively. The crude fat content of all chocolates varied between 30.11% and 49.59%. The major fatty acids in most of the chocolates were palmitic acid (19.36~31.15 wt%), stearic acid (5.11~36.32 wt%) and oleic acid (18.77~36.68 wt%). Whereas lauric acid (approximately 35.43 wt%) was detected in chocolate fat of sample No. 18. High oleic acid content was observed for the sn-2 position fatty acid with a range from 64.91% to 86.93%. Trans fatty acid contents in domestic chocolates (sample No. 1~8) and foreign chocolates (sample No. 9~22) were 0.03~0.59 wt% (0.01~0.19 g/100g chocolate) and 0.05~6.32 wt% (0.02~1.99 g/100g chocolate), respectively. In TAG composition, TAGs such as POP/PPO(1,3(2)-palmitoyl-2(3)-oleoyl glycerol, PN=48), POS/PSO(palmitoyl-oleoyl-stearoyl glycerol or palmitoyl-stearoyl-oleoyl glycerol, PN=50), SOS/SSO(1,3(2)-stearoyl-2(3)-oleoyl glycerol, PN=50) were mainly detected in most of the chocolates. The peaks of TAG with low PN (ex, 32-34, 36-38, and 40-42) were detected in No. 18 chocolate fat because of containing short chain fatty acid such as lauric acid.