• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.285-295
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• 2022

식중독 세균에 의한 biofilm 형성을 억제하는 효과를 시험하기 위하여 cinnamon, clove 및 lemongrass 정유의 휘발성 성분을 분석하였다. 또한 정유의 주요 항균활성 성분이 polyethylene과 stainless steel 표면에서 식중독 세균에 의한 biofilm 형성을 억제하는 효과에 대하여 조사하였다. Cinnamon 정유의 주요 휘발성 성분은 cinnamaldehyde (38.30%), linalool (9.61%), β-caryophyllene (8.90%) 및 1,3,4-eugenol (8.19%)로 동정되었다. Clove 정유의 주요 휘발성 성분은 1,3,4-eugenol (61.84%)로 분석되었다. Lemongrass의 주요 휘발성 성분은 citral의 이성질체인 geranial (19.11%)과 neral (19.23%)로 검출되었으며, citral은 isomeric acyclic monoterpene aldehydes로서 geranial (trans-citral, 19.11%)과 neral (cis-citral, 19.23%)의 혼합물로 분석되었다. Cinnamon, clove 및 lemongrass의 주요 성분 중 cinnamaldehyde, linalool, eugenol 및 citral이 disc diffusion assay에 의해 시험한 6종의 식중독 세균에 대하여 강한 항균활성을 나타냈다. Eugenol (0.1%)과 citral은 polyethylene 및 stainless steel coupon 표면에서 식중독 세균에 의해 형성된 biofilm에 대하여 강한 억제 작용을 나타났다. Cinnamaldehyde (0.1%)는 Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19112와 Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 11812에 의해 형성된 biofilm에 대해 장한 억제 작용을 나타냈다. 연구 결과 cinnamaldehyde, eugenol 및 citral 처리에 의해 식중독 세균에 의한 biofilm 형성을 억제가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.507-512
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• 1996

Some allylamine compounds which are benzothiazole substituants in stead of naphthyl ring in naftifine, antifungal agents, were synthesized as potential antimycotics. The interme diate Schiff bases that were obtained by condensation of 2-aminobenzothiazole and trans-cinnamaldehyde, were reduced to imine compounds to give allylamines (5a-5d) after methylation. These compounds which were tested in vitro against five fungal cell lines containing Trichophyton mentagrophytes, showed no activity in 0.1~100${\mu}$g/ml range.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.312-315
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• 2001

Repeated column chromatographic separation of the $CH_{2}Cl_{2}$ extract of Artemisia stolonofera (Asteraceae) led to the isolation of a triterpene (I), a sesquiterpene (II), two aromatic compounds (III and IV) and a benzoquinone (V). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means to be simiarenol (I), (1S,7S)-1 $\beta$-hydroxygermacra-4(15),5, 10(14)-triene (II), 3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-trans-cinnamaldehyde (III), vanillin(IV) and 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (V), respectively. Among these products, compound V showed significant cytotoxicity against five human tumor cell lines in vitro, A549 (non small cell lung adenocarcinoma), SK-OV-3 (ovarian), SK-MEL-2 (skin melanoma), XF498 (CNS) and HCT15 (colon) with ED_{50}$ values ranging from 1.33~4.22${\mu}g/ml$.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.100-104
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• 2021

트랜스 신남알데하이드(TCA)는 계피의 활성성분 중 하나로 알려져 있으며, 항바이러스, 항균, 항진균 뿐 아니라 일부 암세포주에서 항암 작용이 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 하지만, 위암세포주에서의 보고는 미비하며 그 작용기전에 대해서는 밝혀진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 위암 AGS 세포주에 대한 증식 억제작용 및 그 기전을 살펴보았다. TCA는 농도의존적으로 AGS 세포의 생존율을 억제하였다. AGS 세포 형태로 보아 TCA에 의한 세포사멸을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 기전을 확인하기 위하여, 세포사멸 관련 단백질의 발현양을 조사한 결과, TCA는 p53과 Bax의 단백질 발현을 증가시켰다. 또한, 분절된 caspase 9 및 PARP의 발현이 증가되는 것으로부터 TCA가 AGS 세포주의 세포사멸을 유도하였음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과로부터 TCA가 위암에 대한 항암 활성이 있음을 확인하였으며, 추후 지속적인 연구를 통해 항암제 후보물질로 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.372-378
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• 2003

SDE 및 SPME를 이용하여 계피로부터 추출한 휘발성 향기성분을 GC/MSD 분석한 결과 terpenes 20종, alcohol 3종, carbonyl 5종, esters 2종으로 총 30개의 휘발성 성분을 확인하였다. 이들 중 trans-cinnamaldehyde (86.4%), cis-cinnamaldehyde(0.9％), hydrocinnamaldehyde (0.1%) 등의 carbonyl 화합물이 peak area% 기준으로 약 88.2%로 계피 중 대부분을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 식물체의 향기성분 분석에 많이 이용되는 SPME fiber 4종류를 비교 분석한 결과 terpen류 화합물들은 PDMS fiber에서 추출효율이 가장 좋았으며, cinnamyl alcohol과 같은 다소 극성인 화합물의 경우 DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber와 PA fiber에서 추출 효율이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다. SPME법에서 최적 조건을 설정하기 위해 추출온도와 추출시간을 달리하면서 비교 분석한 결과 copaene, murolene, cadinene, cis-cinnamaldehyde 등의 area% 값은 온도와 시간이 커질수록 증가한 반면에 trans-cinnamaldehyde의 area% 값은 감소하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2005

계피(계지, Cinnanmomum cassia)의 주요성분인, trans-cinnamaldehyde를 $^1H-NMR$ 분광법을 이용하여 정량분석하였다. 핵자기 공명법을 이용한 정량분석의 응용가능성을 확인하기 위하여, t-cinnamaldehyde의 $^1H-NMR$ 스펙트럼에서 시료의 농도와 측정온도를 변화시킴에 따라 chemical shift의 변화와 적분값의 변화를 관찰하였다. t-Cinnamaldehyde(7.1429 mg/ml)를 19, 25, 30, 40 및 $50^{\circ}C$ 하에서 $^1H-NMR$ 측정한 결과, aldehyde methine signal(doublet)의 chemical shift가 9.7202, 9.7184, 9.7169, 9.7142 및 9.7124 ppm에서 관측되었다. 이는 측정온도는 signal의 chemical shift의 변화에 중요한 변수가 되지 않는다는 것을 의미하였다. 또한, aldehyde signal의 적분값이 $1.37(19^{\circ}C),\;1.37(25^{\circ}C),\;1.37(30^{\circ}C),\;1.37(40^{\circ}C)$ 및 $1.37(50^{\circ}C)$로써, 측정온도가 signal의 적분값에는 전혀 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 동일한 온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서 0.4464, 0.8929, 1.7857, 3.5714, 7.1429 및 14.286 mg/ml의 농도의 시료에 대한 $^1H-NMR$ 측정 결과, aldehyde기의 chemical shifts는 각각 9.7206, 9.7201, 9.7196, 9.7192, 9.7185 및 9.7174 ppm에서 나타났다. 이는 각 시료의 농도가 증가함에 따라서 aldehyde의 signal이 고자장으로 약간 이동하는 것으로 나타났다. Aldehyde기의 doublet methine signal의 적분값과 각 시료의 농도에 따른 calibration curve는 직선으로 나타났으며, 매우 높은 회귀율($r^2=1.0000$)을 보였다. t-Cinnamaldehyde와 aldehyde기를 갖는 물질로써, C. cassia의 또 다른 구성성분인 t-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde($7.1429\;mg/ml\;CDCl_3,\;25^{\circ}C$)에 대해서, $^1H-NMR$ 스펙트럼을 측정한 결과, t-cinnamaldehyde는 ${\delta}_H$ 9.7174(9.7078, 9.7270)서 관측되었다. t-2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde는 ${\delta}_H$ 9.6936(9.6839, 9.7032)에서 관측되었다. 따라서, 두 화합물의 chemical shift의 차이는 resolution 값이 0.45 Hz인 NMR 스펙트럼 상에서 충분히 구분할 수 있을 정도로 나타났다. 위의 방법을 이용하여, 추출용매에 따른 C. cassia 내의 t-cinnamaldehyde의 함량을 분석한 결과, n-hexane, $CHCl_3$ 및 EtOAc로 추출하였을 때에, 각각 94.2 mg/g(0.94%), 137.6 mg/g(1.38%), 140.1 mg/g(1.40%)으로 결정되었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2009

Objectives: Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) is the main component of Cinnamomi Ramulus and it has been reported that TCA inhibits inflammatory responses in various cell types. Inflammation-mediated neurological disorders induce the activation of macrophages such as microglia in brain, and these activated macrophages release various inflammation-related molecules, which can be neurotoxic if overproduced. In this study, we evaluated gene expression profiles using gene chip microarrays in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 cells to investigate the antiinflammatory effect of TCA on inflammatory responses in brain microglia. Methods: A negative control group was cultured in normal medium and a positive control group was stimulated with $1{\mu}g/ml$ in the absence of TCA. TCA group was pretreated with $10{\mu}g/ml$ before $1{\mu}g/ml$ LPS stimulation. The oligonucleotide microarray analysis was performed to obtain the expression profiles of 28,853 genes using gene chip mouse gene 1.0 ST array in this study. Results: In positive control group, 1522 probe sets were up-regulated in the condition of the cutoff value of 1.5-fold change and 341 genes with Unigene ID were retrieved. In TCA group, 590 probe sets were down-regulated from among 1522 probe sets and 33 genes with Unigene ID were retrieved, which included 6 inflammation-related genes. We found out that Id3 gene is associated with transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$) signaling pathway and Klra8 gene is related to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathway. Conclusions: The results mean that TCA inhibits inflammatory responses through down-regulating the expressions of inflammation-related genes in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2015

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides has been destructive during pepper fruit production in outdoor fields in Korea. In vitro antifungal activities of 15 different plant essential oils or its components were evaluated during conidial germination and mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides. In vitro conidial germination was most drastically inhibited by vapour treatments with carvacrol, cinnamon oil, trans-cinnamaldehyde, citral, p-cymene and linalool. Inhibition of the mycelial growth by indirect vapour treatment with essential oils was also demonstrated compared with untreated control. Carvacrol, cinnamon oil, trans-cinnamaldehyde, citral and eugenol were among the most inhibitory plant essential oils by the indirect antifungal efficacies. Plant protection efficacies of the plant essential oils were demonstrated by reduced lesion diameter on the C. gloeosporioides-inoculated immature green pepper fruits compared to the inoculated control fruits without any plant essential oil treatment. In planta test showed that all plant essential oils tested in this study demonstrated plant protection efficacies against pepper fruit anthracnose with similar levels. Thus, application of different plant essential oils can be used for ecofriendly disease management of anthracnose during pepper fruit production.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2015

This study was performed to determine the effect of multilayered fish oil (FO) emulsion without or with trans-cinnamal-dehyde on pork patties. Multilayered FO (-primary, -secondary, -tertiary) emulsions were prepared using a layer-by-layer deposition technique with Tween 20, chitosan, and low methoxyl pectin, and were added to pork patties at the same concentration. Pork patties were then stored for 20 d in a refrigerator ($5^{\circ}C$) to study changes in quality. The results showed that the pH value of all samples significantly decreased but cooking loss increased during storage (p<0.05). However, water-holding capacity and moisture content showed no remarkable difference between treatments and storage periods (p>0.05). All pork patties containing multilayered FO (treated samples) showed higher values for lightness and significantly lower values for yellowness compared to control pork patties (untreated sample). Lipid oxidation was higher in treated pork patties than in control pork patties during storage. In addition, lipid oxidation and total viable bacterial count in pork patties decreased as the number of coating layers increased. However, hardness, cohesiveness, and springiness of all samples showed no significant change during storage (p>0.05) as compared to fresh pork patties. Furthermore, these did not remarkable change with addition of trans-cinnamaldehyde in all pork patties. From our results, we suggest that FO emulsion did not affect the texture characteristics of fresh pork patties, indicating that it could be used to improve the quality of pork patties by contributing high-quality fat such as unsaturated fatty acids.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.187-194
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• 1997

For the development of antifungal agents, modification of naftifine which exhibits significant antimycotic activity was performed by replacing the naphthalene ring of it to hete ro cyclic rings such as morpholine. benzothiazole, piperidine and pyridine derivatives. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro antifungal activity against five different fungi with naftifine as a comparative antimycotic molecule. From the biological evaluation two compounds, (E)-N-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-N-(4-piperidinylmethyl)amine(3d) and (E)-N-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-N-(3-pyridylmethyl)amine(3f) showed relatively noticeable activity(MIC=50${\mu}g$/ml). On the other hand, the other compounds had no activity.