• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2001

This paper presents a design of the Dasan Children\`s Park which is located Shindang- dong, lung-gu, Seoul which has an area of about 3,678$m^2$. Objectives for the design were to make nature-friendly space, learning space, interesting play space, space for every child, adventure play space, traditional play space, sense of place, and recycle space. For the space compositions a children\`s garden, a traditional play space, and a science play space were located around the S shaped main route. Facilities relating nature, science, culture. environment and adventure play were arranged in the 3 main spaces. The Children\`s Garden is a green space for learning and playing with natural elements. It is composed of a ecological learning space, a children\`s story garden, a children\`s song road, an environmental labyrinth, and a pall space leer handicap children. The Science Play Place is a place space for learning scientific theories through plays to which scientific theories were applied. It is composed of a total play structure, a math experience playground, a \"Keojunggi\" play space, a sound reflecting experience space, arid an infant playground. The Traditional Play Madang(space) is a space for traditional plays. It is composed of a traditional play pattern, a sun dial, and a floor fountain. The Recycle Road is a dragon shaped road fort learning about resource recycling and conservation. It is composed of a dragon head, body, tail space and a dragon bead(cint mani).int mani).

• Educational Technology International
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.89-115
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• 2014

This research aims to develop an elementary school English e-learning system based on the 'Self-determination theory (SDT)', which is widely applied to traditional face-to-face foreign language classes. The study also attempts to verify whether SDT-a traditional motivational theory that has been applied to face-to-face classes- is effective in an e-Learning environment with students who use this newly developed system. For the purposes of this project, the following three actions were carried out. First, a motivational strategy based on SDT was deduced. In SDT, the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness were introduced as basic psychological needs, and assumed that these three needs provided the natural motivation for learning, growth, and development. Second, an e-Learning system was created based on the deduced motivational strategy. Third, the system was implemented in 115 private tuition academies, and education was provided to 1,400 users for one year across the country. Afterwards, by surveying users, correlation between the role of the three psychological needs in learning English, and also the correlation between each need and motivation were investigated. Research results showed that traditional motivational theories used in face-to-face classes so far were effective in an e-Learning environment.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.284-290
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• 1995

This study examined the effects of the learning cycle model by learner's characteristics such as I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skins, cognitive style, activity, reflectiveness. To see the effects of the learning cycle model, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest multiple treatment designs was used in the study. 99 middle school second-graders(female) were divided into two groups. One group was selected as the experimental group (n=50), the other served at the comparison group(n=49). During the eight-month period, the students in the experimental group were instructed according to the learning cycle model, while the students in the comparison group were instructed according to the traditional instruction methods. Achievement data from science achievement test were analyzed by an ANOVA technique. The results of the study are as follows : 1. Science knowledge achievement. For the lower level students of activity, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in science knowledge achievement. 2. Science inquiry skills. For the upper level students of I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skills, cognitive style and reflectiveness, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in science inquiry skills. 3. Attitudes toward science. For the lower level students of I.Q., cognitive levels, inquiry skills, cognitive style, activity and reflectiveness, the learning cycle model is superior to the traditional approaches in attitudes toward science.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2015

본 연구는 전통적 수업과 플립러닝 수업의 언어 상호작용 분석을 통해 두 수업의 특징과 차이를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 초등학교 5학년 사회과의 전통적 수업과 플립러닝 수업을 동영상으로 녹화하고 전사하였으며, 이를 플랜더스 언어상호작용 분석법으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 전통적 수업은 교사의 발언이 주로 이루어지는 수업이고, 플립러닝 수업은 학생의 학습활동과 교사의 발언이 적절하게 이루어지는 수업이다. 둘째, 전통적 수업은 교사 중심의 지배적, 전제적, 제한적인 의사소통이 이루어지는 지시적 경향의 수업이고 플립러닝 수업은 전통적 수업에 비해 학생 중심의 통합적, 민주적, 포괄적, 허용적인 의사소통이 이루어지는 비지시적 경향의 수업이다. 셋째, 전통적 수업은 교사 강의 중심의 지식 내용 전달을 강조하는 수업이고 플립러닝 수업은 지식 내용 전달은 줄이고 학생의 활동과 발언을 강조하는 수업이다. 넷째, 전통적 수업의 언어 상호작용 형태는 교사의 강의와 질문에 학생이 단순 반응을 하는 단방향적인 의사소통이 주로 이루어지고 플립러닝 수업에서는 교사가 학생을 칭찬하거나 격려하고 학생의 생각을 수용하거나 사용하는 상호작용이 주로 이루어지는 수업이다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to development of a teaching-learning model for active learning in engineering education. For this, the adequacy between educational objectives and active learning activities is verified and furthermore an "active learning teaching-learning model" is suggested. This suggested teaching-learning model is expected to supplement weakness of traditional lecture-type teaching-learning activity. Based on the literature review, first, the representative activities of active learning were derived. there are twenty active learning activities, which compose of five of individual learning activity, five of pair-learning activity and five of group-learning activity, and five of alternative- learning activity. In addition, a survey on adequacy between designed active learning activities and learning outcomes were conducted to ten educational experts. Lawshe's content validity calculation method was applied to analyze the validity of this study. Second, five teaching-learning principles, such as thinking, interaction, expression, reflection, and evaluation were derived to develop an "active learning teaching-learning model" which supplements lecture-type classes and then the "TIERA teaching-learning model" which consists of five stages was designed. Finally, based on the survey on educational experts, adequate active learning activities were proposed to apply in each stage of the "TIERA teaching-learning model" and as a result the TIERA model's active learning activities were developed. The result of this study shows that some activities of active learning are appropriate to induce high cognitive learning skills from the learners even in traditional lecture-type classrooms and therefore this study suggests meaningful direction to new paradigm of teaching-learning for engineering education. This study also suggests that instructors of engineering education can turn their traditional teaching-learning activities into dynamic learning activities by utilizing "active learning teaching-learning model".

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2015

Learning can be defined as its objects, main question for the objects, and its unique way to organize all the knowledge acquired as the results of the question. From the point of view like this, Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM) can be defined as learning for human body and its functions, health and diseases based on the theory of the Yin and Yang and of the five elements. Nowaday Many papers based on laboratory work publish for the name of scientization of TKM, but from the viewpoint of definition of learning, they have a problem that there is no basic theory. If TKM could be communicated with western natural science, it has to be solved. And oriental physiology has a same object and same questions with western physiology, so oriental physiology can be useful to make a bridge between TKM and western natural science.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.665-673
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• 2017

본 연구는 대학교 소프트웨어 교육에 플립러닝(flipped learning)을 적용하였을 때 학습자의 학습동기 및 학습만족도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 이를 위해 소프트웨어 수업 수강생 100명을 대상으로 실험집단과 비교집단으로 나누어 한 학기 동안 수업을 실시하였으며, 실험집단은 플립러닝을 비교집단은 전통적인 면대면 수업을 진행하였다. 그 결과 플립러닝기반 소프트웨어 교육은 전통적인 수업 방식과 비교해 학습동기가 강한 것으로 나타났으며 학습만족도에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 학습동기에서는 하위요인인 주의 집중, 중요성의 인식, 자신감 생성의 측면에서 모두 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 학습만족도의 하위요인인 문제해결수월성, 수업방법에 대한 반응, 교과내용 이해도, 수업에의 흥미, 교사와의 관계 요인에서도 모두 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 따라서 문제해결 또는 창의적 교육에 플립러닝을 적용하면 학습효과 증진을 도모할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.143-152
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• 1993

The purposes of this study were to compare the learning effects of CAI and traditional instruction method in the Home Economics class of middle school and to examine the difference of learning effect between CAI group and traditional instruction group according to ability level. The research findings are as follows: 1.$\circled1$As a result of the post test, CAI group showed significantly higher scores on academic achievement than those of traditional instruction group(p<.05). $\circled2$As a result of the retention test, CAI group showed higher scores than those of traditional instruction group, but statistically the difference is not so significant. 2. $\circled1$Higher group in pre-test score of CAI group showed higher scores in post-test and retention test than those of traditional instruction group, but statistically the difference is not so significant. $\circled2$Lower group in pretest score of CAI group showed significantly higher academic achievements than those of traditional instruction group(p<.05). $\circled3$Higher group in IQ test score of CAI group did not show significantly higher academic achievements than those of traditional instruction group. $\circled4$Lower group in IQ test score of CAI group showed significantly higher academic achievements than those of traditional instruction group(p<.05)

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.251-260
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• 1997

The instructional influences of cooperative learning strategies, which emphasize mutual interdependency of learners, group goal, and individual accountability, upon students' achievement, the attitude toward science instruction and the perception of learning environment were investigated. Before instruction, the prior knowledge test about atoms and molecules, the test of attitudes toward science instruction, and the perception questionnaire of learning environment were administered, and the grade in the previous mathematics course was obtained. These scores were used as covariates. Mid-term examination score was used as blocking variable. For instruction, three different strategies-traditional individual learning, small group learning, and cooperative learning-were used and teaching materials for the units of mole and stoichiometry were also prepared. After instruction, the researcher-made achievement test, the test of attitudes toward science instruction, and the perception questionnaire of learning environment were administered. The perception questionnaire of group activities was also administered to the two treatment groups. In the quantitative subtest, the scores of cooperative learning group and small group learning group were significantly higher than those of traditional individual learning group. However, the cooperative learning group's scores in the achievement test and the qualitative subtest were significantly higher than those of small group learning group and traditional individual learning group. The students in the cooperative learning group were found to have the most positive perception of learning environment but to have similar attitudes toward science instruction. No interaction between the treatment and the level of the previous achievement was found in any of the analyses. In the perception questionnaire of group activities, students in both small group learning group and cooperative learning group exhibited positive perception of group activities. However, students in the cooperative learning group tended to think that their activities were related with their group's success. Educational implications are discussed.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-63
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• 2005

E-Learning is widely introduced with cyber universities in Korea from 2001 whencyber universities were first authorized by the Ministry of Education and Human Resource Development. E-learning amplified by cyber university gave a big impact in the campus based university which became the cause for the educational paradigm shift. The changes of status of cyber university shows important trend in college education which was analyzed by enrollment rate, types of cyber university, demography, and study areas. The enrollment rate of cyber universities is ever since 2001 and variety of study areas gives popularity to students. The demography of students is as expected older than traditional students. Female students at the cyber university outnumbered that at campus based university in Korea. For analyzing the trend of e-learning in Korea, there were studies twice in 2001 May-June from 213 faculty members and staff, 630 students and in 2004 May-June with 401 students. Most of e-learning students tent to spend less time yet, students feel more burden with e-learning. Professors tend to load more materials for the e-learning in 2001but in 2004 study, the difference no longer exists. Professors and students feel the academic achievement through e-learning is not as good as from the traditional classes. Difficulties for e-learning in 2001 were the lack of administrative information but in 2004, boring contents and lack of instructional strategies for e-learning. Technical problems still do exist but less serious. Suggestions for e-learning are blended learning, online students prefer video streaming with their own lecturer, new definition of instructor is needed, professional development for content development and online instruction is needed, success story of online learning should be encouraged, guidance for online students needed. The cyber university experiencegave a positive impact on the traditional universities such as rethinking the roles of universities, the quality control of classes, professional development, student oriented educational service of e-learning pedagogy.