• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.177-185
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• 2009

Dryland species and ecosystems have developed unique strategies to cope with low and sporadic rainfall. They are highly resilient and recover quickly from prevailing disturbances such as fires, herbivore pressure and drought. Dryland people have engineered pastoral and farming systems, which are adapted to these conditions and have sustained the livelihoods of dryland people for centuries. In this article, we present the status of potentials and threats to dryland biodiversity and explore options for its conservation and sustainable use. Findings of the research can be summarized as follows: (i) The ecosystem goods and services are highly valued by the community but mechanism for wise use of the resources has disappeared, (ii) forests are under the ownership of the government but the local community is the realistic custodian of the forests through village leaderships and environmental committees; (iii) the immediate major threat to dryland biodiversity held in the forests appears to be the degradation of ecosystems and habitats caused by new and powerful forces of environmental degradation such as large scale irrigation of rice farms, poverty-induced overexploitation of natural resources, and disappearance and ignorance of traditional institutions for management of dryland biodiversity. These new forms of disturbances often overpower the legendary resilience of dryland ecosystems and constitute potentially serious threats to dryland biodiversity. Forests, wetlands and oases all of which are micro hot spots of dryland biodiversity, appear to be particularly vulnerable hence the need to set up some rules and regulations for sustainable utilization of these resources.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.209-217
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• 2022

In the present study, in order to prevent the misrun defects that occur during traditional brass casting, a method for selecting the proper casting process conditions is proposed. A learning model was developed and demonstrated to be able to learn the presence or absence of defects according to the casting process conditions and to predict the occurrence of defects depending on the certain process given. Appropriate process conditions were determined by applying the proposed method, and the determined conditions were verified through a comparison of different simulation results with additional conditions. With this method, it is possible to determine the casting process conditions that will prevent defects in the desired sand model. This technology is expected to contribute to realization of smart traditional brass farming workshops.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.189-197
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• 2003

Soluble glass bolus with selenium (Se), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) was administered intraruminally to Philippine grazing does fed under backyard farming conditions to determine its effect on blood mineral status. Forty-five does were dosed with SGB intraruminally every 6 months, whereas 15 were without SGB during this experimental period of 10 months. Blood of does in both treatment groups were collected every other month and blood Se, plasma Cu, Ca, P and Mg were determined in this study. All does did not show clinical Se, Cu, Ca, P or Mg deficiency during this experimental period. Selenium concentration of treated does increased (p<0.01) after beginning of this experiment, whereas the level of control does decreased slowly (p<0.01). Two months after SGB administration, all treated does had higher blood Se than the lower limit of $20{\mu}g/l$ suggested by NRC (1981), whereas some control does had lower blood Se concentration than the lower limit of $20{\mu}g/l$. On the other hand, plasma Cu concentration of treated does started to increase more remarkably than control does 4 months after this experiment had started although the difference was insignificant. There were no significant differences between plasma Ca, P or Mg concentration of does in both treatment groups. Soluble glass bolus had no harmful effects on plasma macro mineral concentrations of grazing does. This study showed that SGB was available as mineral supplement to improve imbalances of selected mineral of grazing goats in the traditional backyard conditions in Luzon Island, Philippines.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.377-393
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• 2011

This study aims to indicate the spatial characteristics of the changes in the Korean farm land. In particular, we analyze the spatial diffusion patterns of organic farms increasing rapidly with the growth in the agricultural product markets as well as the demand for safe food and sustainable growth. For the purpose, we examine the changes in the distribution patterns of organic farms between year 2000 and 2005. We analyze the agglomeration pattern by Location Quotient (LQ) and Local indicator of spatial association (LISA). Organic farms have been spread out from the outscuirts of Seoul, the capital city, to the traditional agriculture spetilized area in the southern parts of the nation. In order to analyze the relationships between organic farm distribution and the geographical variables affecting the organic farming, we develop multivariate regression models. Our findings indicate that organic farming is related with the number of agriculture-based business and information technique adaptation as well as the level of education and farmers age.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.1002-1008
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• 2012

For the production of Korea traditional cereal wine makgeolli, a rice fermentation starter nuruk was Rhizopus oryaze CCS01 commercial nuruk. The carbohydrate content of rice nuruk was higher, the levels of moisture, ash, crude protein, and crude fat were lower. In particular, the saccharifying activity of rice nuruk was 2.2 times higher than commercial nuruk. pH, alcohol, and viable yeast cells of makgeolli made rice nuruk were higher than those of makgeolli made commercial nuruk. In contrast, the levels of acidity, $^{\circ}Brix$, viable lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cells, and browning of makgeolli made rice nuruk were lower than those of makgeolli made commercial nuruk, the alcohol content of glutinous rice (GUR) makgeolli made rice nuruk higher other samples. These results suggest that rice nuruk R. oryzae CCS01 make new type cereal makgeolli.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

With the spread of smart technology, in the personal and office equipment, many of the products are equipped with smart features. These changes have opened the era that can enforce the user's operation from a remote location. In this study, we design and implement a smart multi-plug system to make a multi-plug installed in the home can be operated anytime and anywhere via wireless network technologies add smart feature to a multi-plug that can be seen easily around us, it is intended to complement the limitations of traditional multi-plugs. The smart multi-plug proposed in this paper, by operating the plug remotely from smart devices at anytime and from anywhere, is possible to provide services required for the weak users such as elderly and children, it is expected that the proposed system are widely used in the various areas requiring remote control of the power supply including u-Farming, terrarium, and smart home, and so on.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17.1-17.10
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• 2022

Background: Inspection of livestock farms using surveillance cameras is emerging as a means of early detection of transboundary animal disease such as African swine fever (ASF). Object tracking, a developing technology derived from object detection aims to the consistent identification of individual objects in farms. Objectives: This study was conducted as a preliminary investigation for practical application to livestock farms. With the use of a high-performance artificial intelligence (AI)-based 3D depth camera, the aim is to establish a pathway for utilizing AI models to perform advanced object tracking. Methods: Multiple crossovers by two humans will be simulated to investigate the potential of object tracking. Inspection of consistent identification will be the evidence of object tracking after crossing over. Two AI models, a fast model and an accurate model, were tested and compared with regard to their object tracking performance in 3D. Finally, the recording of pig pen was also processed with aforementioned AI model to test the possibility of 3D object detection. Results: Both AI successfully processed and provided a 3D bounding box, identification number, and distance away from camera for each individual human. The accurate detection model had better evidence than the fast detection model on 3D object tracking and showed the potential application onto pigs as a livestock. Conclusions: Preparing a custom dataset to train AI models in an appropriate farm is required for proper 3D object detection to operate object tracking for pigs at an ideal level. This will allow the farm to smoothly transit traditional methods to ASF-preventing precision livestock farming.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.19-26
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• 2019

Pungsu theory is important one in the site selection and lay-out of traditional Korean village and house. In this aspect, Study with a view of Pungsu theory might be used as a proper method for understanding the traditional architecture in Korea. In this context, this study analyzes the Jeong, Dong-Ho's house which is designated no. 19 as an important folk cultural heritage, located in Jigok Ochu-gil 133-62, Godeok-myon, Yesan-gun, Chungnam province. The analysis of the site and space lay-out is carried out by Yong(Dragon), Hyoel(Auspicious Spot), Sa(Sands), Su(Water) aspects of the Pungsu(Fengshui) Hyungsei-ron. The house is depending upon soft dragon vein connecting with a earth type rear mountain. It looks southeast direction, Gonjwasonhyang(乾坐巽向). The hyeolseong(穴星) has classical venus shape, and there is no faults relatively. The Sasinsa condition is almost perfect that right blue dragon and left white tiger surround the hyeol with 3-4 layers and the facing mountain covers the front open area. The water flowing from inside of left and right mountain is joined in front of the house so it could stop flowing out of vital energy. Bibo forest(裨補樹) is placed properly to protect the easy disclose of water outlet. The house is well organized western house(西四宅) by analysis of Dongseosataek-ron(東西四宅論). Through the analysis, I found that the house has good Pungsu(Fengshui) environment fitted with Pungsu Hyungsei-ron. The house composed of small thatched roof is enclosed several times by low hills of back, left and right side. So it is believed that the site might be carefully evaluated by Yong, Hyoel, Sa, Su of Hyeongsei-ron for knowing whether the site condition could minimize the demage by strong winds and protect from the winter cold wind and secure water for drinking and farming and then selected. The method of Pungsu for evaluating the geographical condition of surrounding of a site is used as a traditional site analysis method for evaluating the suitability of long-term well and safe residence.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.2 s.121
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• pp.81-90
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• 2007

This study used the functions for public benefits as a standard for evaluating Green Tourism. By referring to the existing literature, the "function of building emotion", the "function of providing a natural environment", the "function of preserving traditional cultures", and the "function of maintaining the local community" have been selected as the measuring variables. Detailed sub-variables of each function were prepared to examine and analyze the recognition of these are the part of Green Tourists. The Green Tourists of Yangsuri in Yangpyeong, Sinnonri in Yangpyeong, and Jurokri in Yeoju participated in the survey for which 13 variables were used as measurement. The results are as follows: First, Green Tourists recognize farm villages as places for rest and relaxation and they laid great importance on the function of providing access to the natural environment. Secondly, out of the 13 measurement variables, "beautiful scenery in farm village", "making a contribution to village income", and "trust in agricultural products" greatly influenced the overall evaluation of Green Tourism. Thirdly, regarding the relationship between the functions for public benefits and Green Tourism, it was found that "facilities and activities for experiencing farming", "facilities for rest", and "beautiful scenery in farm villages" are closely related to building the emotion experienced in these villages, and that "cultivating environmentally-friendly agricultural products" and "beautiful scenery in farm village" are closely related to the function of providing access to the natural environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.183-194
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• 2016

Rural house came into the rapid change through the process of modernization and Saemaul movement in the past. This change continue to the current era, there is a such exotic forms and indiscriminate development of new house and Saemaul housing and existing conventional farmhouse in rural area. Such a phenomenon, ultimately creating disharmony in traditional environment of rural. In this respect, reflecting the location characteristics of the region which is based on the regional characteristics and unique model of rural housing, it is absolutely required for the development of rural housing customized to fit the diversity of modern. With that background, the purpose of the research is to try and find out the changes in rural houses and the transforming characteristics. To achieve this research purpose, this research selected a specialized magazine for architecture. Then, it identified contents which has specific keyword. lastly, it analyze type and contents of house in rural area from selected article. This process make up the rural housing for effective utilization. The result showed that the type of economic activity and residents information directly show the character of the members who located in the new homes after retuning to farming. The polarization of structure was clearly visible by the building time. And, propensity to western-style of major components was very high such as shape and form of housing. However, it was found to prefer to reflect traditional aesthetics in the components of the housing partially. Therefore, more research is needed to reflect of the results of a survey. Also, analyzing the characteristic of rural house's element and suggesting ways to take advantage in order to present suitable element of modern rural house.